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1.
为探究外源甜菜碱对镉(Cd)胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗生长的影响,设置叶施和根施两种不同施加方式以及6个外源甜菜碱(glycine betaine,GB)浓度(0、10、20、30、40、50 mmol/L),在镉(25 mg/L)胁迫下测定‘甘农3号’紫花苜蓿种子萌发以及相关抗逆生理指标。结果表明,与单独胁迫对照相比,施加适宜浓度的外源GB均能提高镉胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以及活力指数,其中30 mmol/L的GB对Cd胁迫下抑制种子萌发的缓解作用最佳;叶施和根施30 mmol/L GB,对紫花苜蓿的叶绿素、根长、株高增加值、根部含水量均有显著提高;叶施30 mmol/L和根施50 mmol/L GB显著提高紫花苜蓿幼苗叶片中游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性,抑制丙二醛(MDA)含量的升高;通过隶属函数分析可知,叶施和根施30 mmol/L的外源GB对缓解苜蓿幼苗Cd胁迫的效果最佳。 相似文献
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水杨酸对盐胁迫下花椰菜种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
以先华70和祁连白雪2个耐盐性不同的花椰菜品种为材料,在125 mmol/L NaCl胁迫处理下,研究了不同浓度水杨酸对花椰菜种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫下,0.5~1.5 mmol/L SA浸种预处理的花椰菜种子具有较高的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数及ɑ-淀粉酶活性,其中以1.0 mmol/L的SA处理效果最好;0.5~1.5 mmol/L SA处理的花椰菜幼苗具有较高的株高、茎粗和较大的叶面积,其叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性均较高,而丙二醛(MDA)含量较低,其中以1.0 mmol/L SA处理效果最好。说明0.5~1.5 mmol/L外源SA可以通过提高ɑ-淀粉酶活性,提高花椰菜幼苗渗透调节能力和抗氧化能力,诱导花椰菜种子萌发和幼苗的耐盐性,减轻和缓解盐害,SA浓度超过2.0 mmol/L时对盐胁迫没有缓解效应。 相似文献
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干旱条件下硅对草地早熟禾生长初期的影响 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
在聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫条件下,研究了5种硅肥(Na2SiO3)浓度对草地早熟禾Poapratensis种子萌发以及幼苗生长初期形态及生理指标的影响.结果表明:干旱胁迫会显著抑制早熟禾种子的萌发.使其幼苗萎蔫失水、叶片相对含水量降低、生物量下降;干旱胁迫下,硅可以显著提高早熟禾种子的发芽率和发芽势.并且干旱胁迫程度愈大硅的作用效果愈显著,同时硅能有效改善幼苗根系生长状况,利于早熟禾对养分和水分的吸收,提高叶片相对含水量和生物量,从而起到缓解干旱伤害的作用.但超过一定浓度时,硅也会抑制早熟禾的生长. 相似文献
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选取草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)‘午夜’品种为参试材料,设置5个硅肥梯度(0、1、1.5、2、2.5 mmol·L-1),来研究硅肥对草地早熟禾种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,施硅能显著提高种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数(P0.05),尤以1.5 mmol·L-1效果最好。在试验后期施硅显著增加幼苗苗长和幼苗鲜重,且随着施入硅量的增加而增加。一定程度上施硅促进了草地早熟禾胚根长生长,并能促进根系总长、根系总表面积及根系平均直径,其中施硅2.5 mmol·L-1处理显著高于不施硅对照(P0.05),其他处理没有表现出良好的规律性,而对侧根数无显著影响(P0.05)。因此,施入适量的硅有利于草地早熟禾种子萌发及幼苗初期生长发育。 相似文献
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为明确外源2,4-表油菜素内酯(24-epibrassinolide,EBR)对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗伤害的缓解作用,以中苜3号和陇中苜蓿为材料,在150mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,研究不同浓度EBR处理对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:(1)150mmol/L NaCl胁迫显著抑制了苜蓿种子萌发、幼苗生长及根系活力,降低了幼苗的地上、地下生物量;(2)外源EBR可有效的缓解NaCl胁迫对苜蓿种子萌发、幼苗生长及根系活力的抑制作用,并具有明显的浓度效应;(3)综合发芽试验、幼苗生长试验,在150mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,10-1μmol/L EBR处理显著地提高了苜蓿种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和胚芽长、胚根长、萌发期幼苗干重,并显著增加了苜蓿幼苗的叶片数、茎粗、株高、主根长、侧根数和地上、地下生物量,提高了苜蓿萌发期、幼苗期的根系活力水平,对盐胁迫下苜蓿幼苗的缓解效果最好。说明外源EBR能够促进NaCl胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子的萌发及幼苗的生长发育,EBR在诱导植物抗盐性上具有积极作用。 相似文献
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2014年9月采用纸上发芽法(TP),研究盐胁迫下硝普钠浸种对草地早熟禾种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:随着硝普钠浓度的升高,草地早熟禾种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、胚芽和胚根长、幼苗鲜重均呈现先升高后降低的趋势。硝普钠对草地早熟禾种子的萌发具有低浓度促进而高浓度抑制的双重效应,在盐胁迫下SNP溶液浸种浓度为0.25mmol/L时抗盐效果最佳,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别为44.7%,25.3%和12.2%,活力指数为0.224 7、0.938 5,胚芽和胚根长为1.12cm、1.08cm,幼苗鲜重为0.020 8g。 相似文献
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硅对NaCl胁迫下甜瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确硅(silicon,Si)对盐胁迫的缓解作用,以“雪梨一号”和“朗秦银蜜”两个耐盐性不同的甜瓜品种为材料,在125 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,研究了不同浓度外源Si对甜瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,NaCl胁迫显著抑制了甜瓜种子萌发,0.50~1.00 mmol/L外源Si处理较对照能显著提高种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、α-淀粉酶活性及吸水率,其中两个品种的种子均以0.75 mmol/L外源Si处理效果最好;NaCl胁迫下,0.25~1.00 mmol/L外源Si处理后,甜瓜幼苗的株高、叶面积、叶绿素含量、地上部分干重和根系干重较对照显著提高,其中“朗秦银蜜”和“雪梨一号”幼苗分别以0.50和0.75 mmol/L外源Si处理效果最好。研究表明,0.25~1.00 mmol/L外源Si能促进NaCl胁迫下种子吸水和α-淀粉酶活性的提高来促进种子萌发,通过提高NaCl胁迫下幼苗叶绿素含量维持较高的光合能力促进幼苗生长,缓解盐胁迫对甜瓜种子和幼苗的伤害,外源Si浓度超过1.25 mmol/L时对盐胁迫没有缓解效应。 相似文献
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外源Si对盐胁迫下甘草幼苗形态及生理指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《草业学报》2015,(10)
为深入了解Si对盐胁迫下甘草幼苗的影响,本实验采用培养皿滤纸床进行发芽试验,以乌拉尔甘草幼苗为试验材料,在两种浓度Na Cl溶液胁迫下设置不同浓度的硅溶液对甘草幼苗进行处理,通过测定幼苗形态(胚根、胚芽)及生理(质膜相对透性、丙二醛和过氧化物酶)指标,以探讨在盐胁迫下外源硅对甘草幼苗形态及生理指标的影响。结果表明,在Na Cl胁迫下,加入硅(Si)溶液后可以有效增加幼苗胚芽和胚根的长度及重量。在低盐(100mmol/L)胁迫下,Si浓度为0.4 mmol/L时对胚根生长的促进最强;在高盐(200 mmol/L)胁迫下,Si浓度为0.8mmol/L时对胚根生长的促进作用最强。外源Si也不同程度提高了过氧化物酶活性、渗透调节物质脯氨酸含量,以及丙二醛含量和质膜相对透性。由此可见,在盐胁迫条件下,加入适宜浓度的外源硅,可以通过保持一定的抗渗透胁迫能力和清除活性氧的能力,进而保持膜的稳定,来缓解盐胁迫对甘草幼苗生长的抑制作用。 相似文献
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《北方蚕业》2019,(4):8-13
利用硫氢化钠溶液浸种处理,探讨外源施加硫化氢能否缓解重金属镉、砷对桑树种子萌发及幼苗生长的胁迫作用。结果表明:镉和砷胁迫对桑树种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、种苗生长量、种子活力指数均有显著抑制作用,对胚根伸长的抑制尤为严重,且抑制作用随浓度升高而增强;与重金属胁迫处理组相比,0.3 mmol/L、0.9 mmol/L、1.5 mmol/L硫氢化钠浸种处理能够显著提高镉或砷胁迫下桑树种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、种苗生长量以及种子活力指数,且提高的程度随着处理浓度的升高而加强,1.5 mmol/L硫氢化钠浸种处理的效果最好,但硫氢化钠浸种处理并不能显著改善重金属镉或砷胁迫对于胚根伸长的抑制作用。 相似文献
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《草原与草坪》2020,(3)
以鹰嘴紫云英为材料,将中性盐NaCl、Na_2SO_4和碱性盐NaHCO_3、Na_2CO_3按不同比例混合,以碱性盐比例逐渐增加的趋势,模拟出18种天然盐碱生态条件(浓度20～120 mmol/L),在鹰嘴紫云英种子萌发期及幼苗期进行胁迫处理,通过对萌发期各项发芽指标及幼苗期相关生理指标的测定,分析鹰嘴紫云英各生理特性对混合盐碱胁迫的响应特点。结果表明:混合盐碱胁迫对鹰嘴紫云英种子萌发及幼苗生理特性均产生了明显的抑制作用。萌发期其发芽率、发芽势、幼芽和幼根长度均随盐浓度的增加呈下降趋势,苗期幼苗随着盐浓度的递增,鹰嘴紫云英的丙二醛(MDA)含量呈增加趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性表现为先上升后下降的趋势,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性随盐浓度的增加呈下降趋势。在A(无碱性盐)、B(碱性盐比例较低)、C(碱性盐比例较高)的混合盐碱胁迫中,鹰嘴紫云英在低度(20～40 mmol/L)的B组胁迫下生长表现最好,在低度(20～40 mmol/L)、中度(60～80 mmol/L)、重度(100～120 mmol/L)胁迫下A组具有较强的耐性。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献