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金华市规模奶牛场隐性乳房炎主要病原菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对金华市规模奶牛场HMT强阳性的122个乳样进行主要细菌的分离鉴定，查出91个乳样有细菌，细菌检出率为74．59％。检出8种共104个分离菌株，其中主要为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌53株，占51．0％；传染性细菌中，金黄色葡萄球菌23株，无乳链球菌14株，分别占22．1％和13．5％；环境性细菌感染9株占8．7％，其中链球菌属(除无乳之外)7株占6．7％，且以停乳链球菌为主(5．8％)；肠杆菌2株占1．9％，但未检出大肠杆菌；其他细菌5株占4．8％。由葡萄球菌、链球菌混合感染引起的乳房炎占12．09％。药敏试验结果表明，临床上较常使用的青霉素、链霉素、复方新诺明对该场隐性乳房炎的主要病原菌有很大的耐药性。 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎是奶牛常见病和多发病之一，给奶牛养殖业带来了巨大的经济损失。试验对昆明地区多个奶牛场的奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌进行分离、鉴定，从114份乳样中共分离出13种305株细菌，经培养特性、染色镜检、生化鉴定等试验，鉴定出金黄色葡萄球菌63株，占20．66％；表皮葡萄球茵26株，占8．52％；无乳链球菌53株，占17．38％；停乳链球菌23株，占7．54％；乳房链球茵19株，占6．23％；乳链球菌14株，占4．59％；粪链球菌15株，占4．92％；化脓链球菌14株，占4．59％；大肠杆菌48株，占15．74％；真菌12株，占3．93％。分别对所有分离菌株进行17种药物的敏感性试验，结果表明：除真菌外所有菌株对庆大霉素、新霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、林可霉素、乳肿康均高度敏感，对临床常用的青霉素、链霉素、鱼腥草等具有较强的耐药性。 相似文献
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针对郑州某一奶牛小区进行调查,从40个乳样中分离到14种共67个菌株,其中无乳链球茵15株,占22．39％,停乳链球菌14株,占20．90％；葡萄球菌14株,占20．90％；大肠杆菌7株,占10．45％。药敏试验结果表明,环丙沙星、头孢唑啉等药物有良好的抑菌效果,而病原菌对青霉素、链霉素已有很大药性。 相似文献
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通过对金华地区某奶牛场乳样进行细菌分离鉴定．从50个乳样中检出17种共98个菌株，其中葡萄球菌42个．占42．86%；链球菌18个．占18．37％；大肠杆菌10个．占10．20％。由葡萄球菌、链球菌和大肠杆菌引起的乳房炎占整个比例的71．43％。而且单纯由某一种病原菌引起的乳房炎较少．多数是由2～3种甚至是3种以上的病原菌引起．混合感染率为82．72%。药敏试验结果表明．临床使用较多的青霉素、链霉素对奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌有很大耐药．已基衣无效．应寻求其他有效的方法和途径。 相似文献
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湖北地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
本研究旨在分离鉴定湖北地区致奶牛乳房炎的病原菌，鉴定细菌的耐药特征．为奶牛乳房炎防治提供理论依据。从湖北两个主要奶牛小区的9个不同规模的奶牛场采集牛奶样本200份，经检测．其中3份为临床乳房炎样本，49份为隐性乳房炎。两地区隐性乳房炎的检出率分别为36．4％（20／55）与20％（29／145）。两地区乳房炎牛奶的细菌种类分布也各不同。其中武汉东西湖地区停乳链球菌的分离率最高，占33.3％（8／24）．而宜昌夷陵区以金黄色葡萄球菌分离率最高，占29％（9／31），其次为无乳链球菌，占25．8％（8／31）。从乳房炎牛奶中共分离到7种细菌共55株，其中金黄色葡萄球菌11株，表皮葡萄球菌10株，无乳链球菌10株，停乳链球菌14株，乳房链球菌2株，大肠埃希氏菌4株，克雷伯氏菌4株。分别对所有分离株进行12种药物的敏感性试验，结果表明所有菌株对先锋V、氧氟沙星均高度敏感．对临床常用的青霉素、链霉素具有较高的耐药性。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献