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本试验对重庆地区牛、猪和羊附红细胞体进行分子流行病学调查及危险性因素分析。在2006—2008年期间,采用鲜血压片法、姬姆萨染色法和基于16SrRNA-PCR方法,共检测了307头份牛血样,检测阳性率分别为46%、48%和11%;检测猪血样1 658头份,检测阳性率分别为63%、68%和76%;检测羊血样1 191份,检测阳性率分别为61%、70.4%和16.1%。危险性因素分析结果显示,山区牛附红细胞体感染阳性率极显著高于丘陵地区(OR=16.03,95%CI=5.47～17.11)(P<0.01),山区猪和山羊附红细胞体感染阳性率显著高于丘陵地区(猪:OR=1.38,95%CI=1.06～1.79;羊:OR=1.43,95%CI=0.54～3.82)(P<0.05)。农户散养牛和猪的附红细胞体感染阳性率极显著高于规模化养殖(牛:OR=3.2,95%CI=1.48～6.89;猪:OR=2.28,95%CI=1.79～2.89)(P<0.01)。农户散养山羊附红细胞体感染阳性率高于规模化养殖场(OR=1.19,95%CI=1.09～1.54)(P>0.05),但差异不显著。 相似文献
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吉林省延边地区猪附红细胞体病分子流行病学调查 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解吉林省延边地区近三年猪附红细胞体病感染情况,本试验对不同靶基因建立的PCR方法进行了比较,应用敏感性最好的PCR方法对延边地区5个县市的237头份猪血液样本进行了检测,并对不同地区、年龄段、季节、饲养方式等采集的样本进行了比较。结果显示,延边地区5个县市猪附红细胞体病感染的平均阳性率为23.6%(56/237),统计学分析表明,猪附红细胞体感染率在不同地区、年龄之间差异不显著(P>0.05);而夏秋两季猪附红细胞体感染率显著高于冬春两季(P<0.05);猪附红细胞体病在个体农户饲养方式中的阳性率显著高于规模化养殖方式(P<0.01),说明猪附红细胞体感染受季节、饲养方式等因素的影响较大。本试验为吉林省延边地区猪附红细胞体病的防控提供了科学的理论依据。 相似文献
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为快速准确诊断和检测羊附红细胞体病,及时采取防治措施,建立了检测羊附红细胞体抗原的双抗夹心ELISA诊断方法。选取规模化养殖场羊,镜检附红细胞体红细胞感染率> 90%,无菌采取血液,分离羊附红细胞体抗原,制备纯化兔抗羊附红细胞体抗体,应用辣根过氧化物酶标记抗体,进行双抗体夹心ELISA试验。试验结果表明,双抗体夹心ELISA方法的最佳工作条件为:抗体最佳包被量为82.91 μg/mL,酶标抗体最适工作浓度为1∶400,抗原最低检出量为7.81 μg/mL;而且与支原体、大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌以及牛、猪、兔附红细胞体均不出现交叉反应,表明该方法具有良好的特异性,可用于羊附红细胞体病的诊断和群体检测。 相似文献
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单抗捕捉ELISA检测猪附红细胞体血清抗体方法的建立 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在制备针对猪附红细胞体病的特异性单克隆抗体的基础上,建立了单抗捕捉快速检测猪附红细胞体病抗体的ELISA方法,并对影响ELISA结果的各项反应条件进行了优化.结果表明,猪附红细胞体腹水单抗的最佳稀释度为1:20 000,猪附红细胞体病抗原工作质量浓度为4.088 mg/L,血清稀释度为1:40,HRP标记的兔抗猪IgG的工作浓度为1:5 000.待检血清和酶标二抗的反应时间均为37℃1 h;底物在室温显色时间为10 min.已建立的ELISA方法与PCR平行检测50份样本,总符合率为92%,表明该方法特异性强、快速、敏感性高.用该法检测了各地采集的171份血清,阳性率为40.4%,与镜检的符合率为59.2%;阴性率为47.4%,与镜检的符合率为66.7%,总符合率为67.3%. 相似文献
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为了解四川省攀西地区山羊泰勒虫病流行情况,用双抗原夹心ELISA方法,对采自凉山彝族自治州和攀枝花市10个县/市的640份山羊血清样品进行检测。结果显示:攀西地区10个县/市羊泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率介于52.78%～100%,平均阳性率为73.44%(470/640);春季阳性率最高,秋季最低;经卡方检验,不同地区和季节的羊泰勒虫血清抗体阳性率差异均显著(χ~2=54.392,P 0.01和χ~2=38.157,P 0.01)。结果表明,攀西地区羊泰勒虫病流行较为严重,且流行呈现明显的地区和季节性特征。本研究为该地区羊泰勒虫病防控提供了流行病学参考数据。 相似文献
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2007-2012年,笔者对密云县辖区内的牛、羊进行了流行病学调查和临床检测,结果显示,梨形虫和附红细胞体这两种病的混合感染对牛羊危害较大,牛发病率为33.3%,死淘率高达23.3%,感染梨形虫的奶牛产奶量可下降80%。5年来,密云县动物疫控中心实验室对来就诊的598户863份牛、羊血液样品进行梨型虫和附红细胞体检测,梨形虫阳性率为72.9%,附红细胞体阳性率为88.8%。通过检测结果统计分析,4月份牛、羊的梨形虫感染数量开始增加,7-9月达到高峰。在梨形虫病和附红细胞体病易发时期应进行筛查,及早采取防治措施,避免造成更大的经济损失。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(20)
为了解吉林省部分地区2011—2013年度猪瘟疫苗接种后的免疫效果,试验应用ELISA方法对吉林省图们、龙井、四平、双辽、长春、农安、延吉及和龙等8个市(县)的379份猪血清样本进行了猪瘟疫苗接种后的抗体调查。结果表明:在检测的379份猪血清样本中,猪瘟病毒(CSFV)抗体总体阳性率为71.24%(270/379),说明吉林省8个县(市)的猪瘟疫苗接种后均取得了不同程度的效果。其中以检测样本的地区比较,图们市和龙井市猪瘟病毒(CSFV)抗体阳性率最高,分别为100%(10/10)和90.00%(27/30);以检测样本的年龄段比较,母猪抗体阳性率最高,为91.11%(41/45);以检测样本的年度比较,2011年度样本抗体阳性率最高,为93.33%(28/30)。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献