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根据GenBank中流感病毒H1N1亚型HA、NA、NP基因序列,分别设计扩增HA、NA、NP基因的特异性引物,用RT-PCR方法扩增猪流感病毒(SIV)H1N1济南株(SW/SD/JT/07)HA、NA、NP基因,分别将RT-PCR产物克隆入pMD18-T载体,进行测序分析。结果显示,SW/SD/JT/07(H1N1)HA基因长为1 701bp,编码566个氨基酸;HA蛋白切割位点为IPSIQSR↓G,属于非高致病性毒株;HA蛋白有8个糖基化位点,其中有6个在HA1蛋白上,有2个在HA2蛋白上,与个别参考毒株糖基化位点个数不同;HA蛋白上的受体结合位点与多数参考毒株一致。SW/SD/JT/07(H1N1)NA基因长为1 410bp,编码469个氨基酸;NA基因颈部未发现氨基酸缺失现象;NA蛋白的头部有5个可能的抗原位点Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ分别由5个区段组成,在340、346、366位分别为P、I、N,其余参考毒株在相应位置的氨基酸分别为S、V、S;NA蛋白共有8个糖基化位点,与个别参考毒株的糖基化个数不同。SW/SD/JT/07(H1N1)NP基因长为1 565bp,编码498个氨基酸,根据HA、NA、NP基... 相似文献
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根据GenBank中流感病毒H3N2亚型HA、NA、NP基因序列,分别设计扩增HA、NA、NP基因的特异性引物,用RT-PCR方法扩增猪流感病毒(SIV)H3N2济南株(SW/SD/JT/07(H3N2))HA、NA、NP基因,分别将RT-PCR产物克隆入pMD18-T栽体,进行测序分析.结果显示,SW/SD/JT/07(H3N2)HA基因长度约为1701 bp,编码566个氨基酸,与参考毒株的同源性为65.2%～81.8%;HA0切割位点序列为PENQTR↓G,属非高致病性毒株;SW/SD/JT/07(H3N2)HA蛋白有7个糖基化位点,由于碱基突变缺少了1个糖基化位点,表明其抗原性及其生物学特性发生变化.SW/SD/JT/07(H3N2)与所有参考毒株HA蛋白上的受体结合位点的氨基酸很保守,即98、134、136、138、226位分别为Tyr、Gly、Ser、Ala、Asn.SW/SD/JT/07(H3N2)NA基因长为1413 bp.编码470个氨基酸,与参考毒株的同源性为65.1%～91.8%,NA基因系统发生分析表明SW/SD/JT/07(H3N2)与禽流感病毒H3N2亚型亲缘关系最近.SW/SD/JT/07NA(H3N2)NA蛋白与参考毒株的颈区63、64、65位置均无氨基酸缺失现象,可推测其对病毒的复制能力不会有很大影响.SW/SD/JT/07(H3N2)NP基因长为1565 bp,编码498个氨基酸.与参考毒株的同源性为79.8%～87.8%,NP基因系统发生树分析结果表明,2002年、2004年暴发的西班牙流感同源性较高,亲缘关系较近,而与中国内地广东株同源性小,亲缘关系较远. 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2017,(2):266-271
为了解广东地区猪流感病毒(SIV)的流行和变异情况,本研究于2013年10月至2014年1月从广东省4个不同地区采集猪鼻拭子和肺脏病料共203份,对样品处理之后进行鸡胚分离和RT-PCR检测,从中分离得到5株SIV,对其进行病毒纯化、全基因组测序和遗传进化分析。结果表明,5株SIV分离毒株其中3株为H1N1亚型,2株为H1N2。分离毒株HA裂解位点位于PSIQSR↓GL,具有典型的低致病性流感病毒特征。HA基因序列比对结果显示,5株SIV分离毒株与A/Jiangsu/ALS1/2011(H1N1)株同源性最高,核苷酸相似性为97%~99%。遗传进化分析结果显示,5株分离毒株的PB2、PB1、PA和NP基因片段属于PDM/09分支,M基因片段以及外部基因片段HA属于欧亚类禽分支,NS基因片段属于北美三元重组分支,3株H1N1亚型的NA基因属于欧亚类禽分支,2株H1N2亚型的NA基因属于人季节性流感分支。抗原位点分析结果表明,分离毒株的抗原位点基本保守,但YJ28分离株HA1蛋白上发现3个氨基酸突变,分别是L69S、S137P、E222G。本研究通过对广东省不同地区分离到的SIV进行鉴定分析,掌握SIV的变异趋势,为猪流感的防控提供切实有效的理论依据。 相似文献
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从猪流感疑似病例中分离鉴定猪流感病毒,并对病毒进行全基因组测序及其序列的分析。采用鼻棉拭子法从猪流感疑似病猪的鼻中收集病样,制成病毒悬液,经SPF鸡胚增殖培养和纯化。采用红细胞凝集、血凝抑制和神经氨酸酶抑制试验进行病毒亚型的判定,并作电镜观察。运用RT-PCR法扩增病毒的8个基因片段,分别克隆到pMD18-T载体,进行全基因组测序及序列分析。结果表明,获得1株猪流感病毒,经血凝、血凝抑制和神经氨酸酶抑制试验,判定为H3N2亚型,命名为A/swine/Chongqing/CQ/3/2011(H3N2),简称SIV CQ3。基因组序列比较分析显示,SIV CQ3 8个节段与不同时间的猪流感广东分离株(H3N2亚型)相应基因的核苷酸相似性最高,可能来源于H3N2亚型SIV。然而NP、HA和NA基因编码氨基酸序列与参考毒株A/New York/392/2004(H3N2)的相似性比较低,分别达95%、89%和90%;而血凝素(HA)裂解位点处的氨基酸序列为P-E-K-Q-T-R↓G,与参考毒株的一致,不具有高致病分子特征。此外,HA和NA的糖基化位点、受体结合位点处氨基酸存在一定程度的差异。最后,系统进化树分析显示NP、HA基因位于SIV群,与A/swine/Guangdong/2006/(H3N2)处于同一分支;而NA基因与禽流感(A/duck/Ontario/2000/AJ697881)和猪流感位于同一个进化单元,表明这株H3N2亚型流感病毒在不断的发生演变。 相似文献
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本研究由疑似猪流感病料样品中分离一株病毒,通过HA、HI、电镜观察、生物学特性测定及全基因序列测定表明,分离病毒株为H3N2亚型人流感病毒和H1N1亚型古典猪流感病毒(SIV)的重组体,命名为A/Swine/Fujian/F2/07(H3N2).该分离株含有8个基因片段,共13 442 bp,与GenBank中登录的H3N2亚型人流感病毒、H1N1亚型古典SIV和H3N2亚型SIV进行比较分析显示:分离株的HA、NS、NA基因与H3N2亚型人流感病毒株的同源性分别为84.7 ％～98.1％、94.4 ％～99.5％和88.6 ％～97.6％;与H3N2亚型SIV的核苷酸同源性分别为87.7％～98.5％、82.5 ％～99.9％和87.6 ％～98.4％;M基因与H3N2亚型人流感病毒和SIV的同源性均在90.1％以下,而与H1N1亚型古典SIV的同源性在97.6％以上.基因型分析表明分离株的PB2、PBI、PA、HA、NP、NA和NS基因片段来源于1975年～1982年的人流感病毒,而M基因来源于H1N1亚型古典SIV,充分证明猪作为流感病毒“混合器”的作用. 相似文献
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从湖南分离得到一株H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(AIV),首先设计合成两对HA和NA基因特异性引物,采用两步法RT-PCR,对鸭流感病毒株 A/Duck/HunanWugang/2/2004(H5N1)(简称DK/HNWG/2/04)的表面蛋白基因进行序列测定,并与国内外已经发表的H5N1亚型毒株表面蛋白基因进行序列分析和比较.结果表明,HA和NA基因全长分别约为1.7 kb和1.4 kb,分离株与14个参考毒株HA基因的同源性为95.9%～98.0%,NA基因的同源性为87.0%～98.4%.根据HA基因核苷酸序列推导HA裂解位点氨基酸,发现分离株的裂解位点包含多个碱性氨基酸,符合高致病性禽流感的特征. 相似文献
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通过鸡胚接种分离到3株猪流感病毒,经HI、RT-PCR鉴定,其中GXHZ株为H1N2亚型毒株,GXLZ、GXXY株为H3N2亚型毒株,并对分离株进行EID50测定及GXHZ株的猪体攻毒试验。所扩增分离到3株SIV病毒NA基因与A/Sw/Hainan/1/2005(H1N2)的核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性最高。3株SIV分离株的NA基因在氨基端胞浆尾区均由K6→R6,在非极性跨膜区均由V20→M20。系统发育分析表明本试验所分离的3个SIV毒株与H1N2亚型毒株亲缘性最相近,且来源于猪源H1N2亚型流感病毒。从时间上也发现,3个分离株的NA基因与1996年以后获得的H3N2毒株亲缘关系很近,都隶属于一个亚分支。 相似文献
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本实验室于2016年在天津分离到一株猪流感病毒(SIV),命名为A/swine/Tianjin/312/2016(H1N1)(简称为TJ312株)。为了解该株病毒的生物学特性及遗传演化特征,本研究对经PCR分段扩增该病毒全基因组并测序,采用SeqMan软件拼接成全基因组序列经BLAST比对,得到与该SIV各基因节段序列同源性最高的病毒株,采用mafft分析其各基因节段编码氨基酸序列的分子特征,利用MEGA5.1软件分别构建该病毒8个基因节段的进化树。结果显示,SIV TJ312株各基因节段与2016年分离自天津的H1N1 SIV相应各基因节段的同源性在99%～100%。进化树结果显示该病毒株HA、NA和M基因均来自欧亚类禽H1N1 (EA H1N1) SIV谱系;PB2、PB1、PA和NP基因来自2009/H1N1流感病毒谱系;NS基因来自北美三重配H1N2 SIV谱系。蛋白分子特征分析结果显示,HA蛋白碱性氨基酸裂解位点序列为PSIQSR↓G,符合低致病性流感病毒分子特征;受体结合位点符合人源唾液酸受体(α-2,6唾液酸受体)的分子特性;NA蛋白aa275为H、aa295为N,且该蛋... 相似文献
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猪流感病毒H1N1广东分离株HA基因的克隆与进化分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用常规的血清学试验和特异性RT-PCR,从广东不同地区猪场分离鉴定出8株H1N1亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)。用流感病毒血凝素(HA)基因通用引物扩增了8株病毒的血凝素(HA)基因,经克隆测序,HA基因全长1 757 bp,编码566个氨基酸。8个毒株的HA基因推导氨基酸序列分析表明,均含有8个潜在的N糖基化位点,且糖基化位点相同,其HA1、HA2之间切割位点序列为IPSIQSR↓G,从分子水平推论,此8株H1N1 SIV均属于非高致病性毒株。同源性分析表明,此8株病毒的氨基酸序列与经典SIV之间的同源性在92.3%~94.7%之间;与2009年甲型H1N1流感病毒同源性在80.4%~92.4%之间;与欧洲类禽SIV分离株同源性在80.4%~84.1%之间。进化关系表明,该8株SIV与A-swine-Shanghai-3-2005-H1N1同处一分支,与2009年甲型H1N1流感病毒和经典SIV分离株亲缘关系较近,与欧洲类禽SIV分离株亲缘关系较远。 相似文献
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H9N2亚型猪流感病毒山东分离株的分离鉴定及其HA、NP、NS基因序列分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
从山东地区疑似流感发病猪分离到 10株流感病毒 ,经国家流感中心鉴定均为 A型流感病毒 H9N2亚型。将其中 1株 Sw/ SD/ 1/ 2 0 0 3(H9N2 )的血凝素基因 (HA)、核蛋白基因 (NP)和非结构蛋白基因 (NS)进行克隆与测序 ,与Gen Bank收录的其他猪流感和禽流感 H9N2亚型的相关基因进行比较 ,推测 Sw/ SD/ 1/ 2 0 0 3(H9N2 )可能源于禽流感病毒 H9N2亚型和 H5 N1亚型的重组病毒 ;Sw/ SD/ 1/ 2 0 0 3的 HA氨基酸裂解位点与其他 H9N2亚型不同 ,Sw/ SD/1/ 2 0 0 3的 HA氨基酸裂解位点是 R- S- L- R- G,而其他猪流感和禽流感 H9N2亚型都是 R- S- S- R- G。 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
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Antibacterial effects against Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Aeromonas hydrophila were obtained with subminimal inhibitory concentrations of oxytetracycline and EDTA-tromethamine. Antibacterial effects were not observed with subminimal inhibitory concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide plus oxytetracycline or with dimethyl sulfoxide plus EDTA-tromethamine. Using a 2-dimensional Microtiter checkerboard technique, inhibitory activities of the various combinations of solutions were studied, and isobolograms were plotted. A synergistic effect was seen with combinations of oxytetracycline and EDTA-tromethamine. The greatest synergistic effect was observed when the mixture was caused to react with P mirabilis. These findings were confirmed by kinetic studies of microbial death, using one-fourth minimal inhibitory concentrations of these preparations. 相似文献
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Echocardiography, electrocardiography, and radiography of cats with dilatation cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and hyperthyroidism 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N S Moise A E Dietze L E Mezza D Strickland H N Erb N J Edwards 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(7):1476-1486
The echocardiographic, ECG, and radiographic findings of sequentially examined cats with dilatation cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 7), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, n = 8), and hyperthyroidism (HT, n = 20) were compared with those of healthy control cats (n = 11). Cats with DCM were easily differentiated from healthy cats by echocardiography and from cats with HCM and HT by a dilated left ventricle at end-diastole with a mean +/- SD of 2.20 +/- 0.36 cm, reduced fractional shortening (2.9% +/- 3.7%), reduced aortic amplitude (0.07 +/- 0.05 cm), reduced left ventricular wall amplitude (0.09 +/- 0.09 cm), and increased E-point septal separation (0.83 +/- 0.29 cm). The cats with HCM were most consistently recognized echocardiographically by increased left ventricular wall thickness at end-diastole (0.75 +/- 0.12 cm). Some cats with HT had abnormal echocardiograms with left ventricular wall hypertrophy. These cats could usually be differentiated from the cats with HCM because of normal or increased ventricular wall amplitude, aortic amplitude, or percentage of thickening of the left ventricular wall and interventricular septum. Left atrial enlargement (left atrial diameter greater than 1.57 cm or left atrium/aorta greater than 1.75) was commonly detected by the echocardiogram in cats with DCM, HCM, or HT. The echocardiogram was helpful in differentiating the type of cardiomyopathy (DCM, HCM, or HT) when plain thoracic radiographs indicated that cardiomegaly existed. The ECG may have indicated incorrectly that there was left ventricular enlargement in some cats with HT, and it did not indicate consistently that left ventricular enlargement existed when present in cats with DCM or HCM. The ECG was a poor indicator of left atrial enlargement in all cats. 相似文献
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Toxicology of selected pesticides, drugs, and chemicals. Anticoagulant, cholecalciferol, and bromethalin-based rodenticides 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D C Dorman 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1990,20(2):339-352
The control of rodent pests is a continuing goal of mankind. To this end, a multitude of rodenticides have been produced, each designed to kill rodents by exerting their toxic effects on various body systems. As examples, veterinarians have had to manage companion animal poisonings due to anticoagulant, sodium fluoroacetate (compound 1080), thallium, barium carbonate, and zinc phosphide-based rodenticides. Many of these rodenticides were introduced because of their anticipated safety in relation to nontarget species; unfortunately, this has not been the case. Veterinarians must attempt to identify the specific rodenticide involved in poisoning cases. Therapeutic success in these poisonings is often more dependent upon symptomatic and supportive care rather than the use of antidotal therapy. 相似文献
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Comparative cardiovascular, analgesic, and sedative effects of medetomidine, medetomidine-hydromorphone, and medetomidine-butorphanol in dogs 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
OBJECTIVE: To compare sedative, analgesic, and cardiopulmonary effects after IV administration of medetomidine (20 microg/kg), medetomidine-hydromorphone (20 microg of medetomidine/kg and 0.1 mg of hydromorphone/kg), and medetomidine-butorphanol (20 microg of medetomidine/kg and 0.2 mg of butorphanol tartrate/kg) in dogs. ANIMALS: 6 dogs healthy mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURE: Instruments were surgically inserted, and heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), central venous pressure (CVP), core body temperature, and cardiac output (CO) were measured 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after injection. Cardiac index (CI), stroke volume (SV), stroke index (SI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were calculated. Arterial samples for blood gas analysis were collected 0, 15, and 45 minutes after injection. Intensity of analgesia, degree of sedation, and degree of muscle relaxation were evaluated at aforementioned time points and 75, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 minutes after injection. RESULTS: Administration of medetomidine, medetomidine-hydromorphone, and medetomidine-butorphanol was associated with increases in SAP, MAP, DAP, MPAP, PCWP, CVP, SVR, PVR, core body temperature, and PaCO2 and decreases in HR, CO, CI, SV, SI, RR, pH, and PaO2. Clinically important differences were not detected among treatments. Medetomidine-hydromorphone and medetomidine-butorphanol provided a longer duration of sedation and better quality of analgesia, compared with medetomidine alone. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Medetomidine-hydromorphone or medetomidine-butorphanol is associated with improved analgesia and sedation but has cardiopulmonary effects comparable to those for medetomidine alone. 相似文献
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Longissimus muscle area and fat thickness were measured following weaning, at yearling, and prior to harvest using real-time ultrasound, and corresponding carcass measurements were recorded 3 to 7 d following the preharvest scan in composite steers (n = 116, 447 +/- 19 d), bulls (n = 224, 521 +/- 11 d), and heifers (n = 257,532 +/- 12 d). Although fat deposition was limited in bulls and heifers from weaning to yearling, coefficients of variation ranged from 8.46 to 13.46% for muscle area, and from 27.55 to 38.95% for fat thickness, indicating that significant phenotypic variance exists across genders. Residual correlations, adjusted for the effects of year of birth, gender, and age at measurement, were high and ranged from 0.79 to 0.87 among ultrasound and carcass measures of muscle area. Residual correlations among ultrasound and carcass measures of fat thickness were also high, ranging from 0.64 to 0.86. Weaning and/or yearling ultrasound muscle area yielded similarly accurate predictions of carcass muscle area. Yearling ultrasound fat thickness accounted for 13% more of the observed variance in carcass fat thickness than the weaning ultrasound measure in single-trait prediction models. When both weaning and yearling ultrasound measures were used to predict carcass fat thickness, partial R2 values were 0.15 and 0.61 for weaning and yearling ultrasound fat thickness, respectively. The difference between predicted and carcass measures with respect to muscle area (fat thickness) was less than 6.45 cm2 (2.5 mm) for 80.2 to 88.9% (90.3 to 95%) of animals. Preharvest ultrasound measures yielded standard errors of prediction of less than 4.95 cm2 for muscle area and 1.51 mm or less for fat thickness. These results indicate that ultrasound measures taken between weaning and yearling provide accurate predictors of corresponding carcass traits in steers, bulls, and heifers. 相似文献