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猪流行性腹泻（PED）是由猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）感染引起的仔猪严重腹泻性疾病,传播快,发病急,死亡率高,给我国养猪业造成巨大损失。2021年10月上海某猪场产房仔猪发生腹泻,发病率为30%～50%,死亡率为20%～30%,猪群之前进行过疫苗免疫。粪便样本经猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV）、猪轮状病毒（RV）荧光RT-PCR检测,结果显示：PEDV检测为阳性,TGEV和RV检测均为阴性。经全基因测序后进行系统进化分析,结果显示：全基因序列属于GⅡ-c亚群,S基因序列属于GⅡ-b亚群,与目前的经典疫苗株CV777和变异株AJ1102相比,CV777的全基因和S基因都属于GⅠ-b群,AJ1102的全基因和S基因都属于GⅡ-b亚群,研究结果表明新基因型的PEDV已在上海地区流行,而传统疫苗株无法提供好的免疫效果,提示新的防控策略的制定和有针对性的疫苗的生产和使用,对于预防PEDV感染和流行有重要意义。 相似文献
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猪流行性腹泻病毒基因及其疫苗的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
猪流行性腹泻是由猪流行性腹泻病毒引起猪的一种急性肠道传染病.该病由猪流行性腹泻病毒感染猪而引起,以发热、厌食、水样腹泻、呕吐、严重脱水、消化道黏膜发炎及糜烂和食欲下降为主要特征,俗称冬季拉稀病.该病已成为世界流行性的疾病,是各养猪国家导致仔猪早期死亡的重要疫病之一,给养猪业造成严重的经济损失.近几年来,随着分子生物学的发展,人们对猪流行性腹泻病毒的基因结构、基因功能、分子致病机理,检测手段以及疫苗预防方法有了更深入的认识.而对猪流行性腹泻的预防和控制以接种疫苗为主,笔者主要针对猪流行性腹泻病毒基因结构、功能以及疫苗等方面的研究进展进行综述,为猪流行性腹泻病毒基因的深入研究和预防提供一些参考. 相似文献
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《广东畜牧兽医科技》2015,(5)
猪流行性腹泻是由猪流行性腹泻病毒引起的仔猪和育肥猪的一种急性肠道传染病,其感染率,死亡率高的特点是导致全世界养猪业经济损失的重要原因之一。近年来,对流行性腹泻病毒的研究逐步深入,疫苗成为了预防及控制流行性腹泻的主要措施。本文就流行性腹泻的流行情况、致病机理以及流行性腹泻的疫苗预防研究进行描述,为该病的预防和控制提供参考。 相似文献
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《现代畜牧兽医》2017,(6)
轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)是一种人兽共患病病原,能够引起幼龄动物和婴幼儿发生腹泻疾病,危害人和动物身体健康。目前尚无特效治疗药治疗该病。RV NSP1是其逃避宿主先天性免疫应答的关键蛋白,具有介导IRFs、RIG-I、β-Tr CP、TRAFs和STATs等宿主免疫应答通路中的重要分子降解的功能,从而逃避宿主免疫。RV在感染宿主细胞过程中,可以破坏微循环,感染导致小肠绒毛细胞死亡脱落;RV NSP4蛋白介导多种离子非正常转运;刺激肠神经系统等多种途径致使机体产生病理损伤,发生腹泻甚至严重可致死亡。了解轮状病毒感染后的免疫逃避机制和病理损伤机制对于研制高效疫苗和靶向药物具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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轮状病毒(RV)是导致全球婴幼儿严重腹泻的重要病原体。由于缺乏完全基于质粒的反向遗传学系统,阻碍了对RV复制和发病机制的深入研究。经过多年来对轮状病毒反向遗传系统的开发,2018年终于成功研发了完全基于11个RV质粒的反向遗传系统,该技术不需要辅助病毒和辅助质粒的参与,不需要复杂的筛选过程,且重组病毒的拯救效率高。这项技术的成功研发,将加速RV基础生物学的研究,可应用于RV新型疫苗的设计、筛选RV抗病毒制剂,促进其他病毒反向遗传系统的研发。本文就轮状病毒反向遗传学系统的研究进展及应用作以简要综述。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献