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通过乙醇回流提取获得中草药连翘粗提物,利用MIC值测定、溶血活性测定、免疫印迹、RT-PCR、LDH及live/dead等试验方法研究连翘提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素分泌的影响.结果表明:连翘提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(MIC)均大于2 048 mg/L,表明连翘提取物不影响金黄色葡萄球菌生长.连翘提取物在16～128 mg/L时,抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素的分泌,而且这种抑制作用呈剂量依赖性.研究结果提示连翘提取物可作为一种潜在的抗金黄色葡萄球菌感染药物,可进一步开发. 相似文献
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亚抑菌浓度穿心莲提取物对减缓金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素介导的A549细胞损伤作用的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
金黄色葡萄球菌是一种广泛存在的重要致病菌,可引起人类和动物许多严重的感染。另外,α-溶血素是金黄色葡萄球菌最重要的毒力因子之一。本研究通过乙醇回流提取方法,获得中草药穿心莲提取物,然后通过最低抑制浓度(MIC)值测定、溶血活性测定、Western blotting、RT-PCR、LDH及Live/dead等方法研究分析穿心莲提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素分泌的影响及对A549细胞的保护作用。试验结果表明,穿心莲提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值为2048 μg/mL,且呈剂量依赖性地抑制金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素分泌,并能有效减缓金黄色葡萄球菌菌液上清对A549细胞的损伤。提示,穿心莲提取物是一种潜在的抗金黄色葡萄球菌感染的药物。 相似文献
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为了研究厚朴总酚对乳房炎致病菌(主要为金黄色葡萄球菌)的抗菌活性和抗感染机制,首先通过肉汤稀释法检测厚朴总酚对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度,通过溶血试验、蛋白质免疫印迹试验、荧光定量PCR试验和LDH释放试验从不同层次和角度验证了厚朴总酚对金黄色葡萄球菌致病力的影响。结果显示,厚朴总酚对金黄色葡萄球菌具有一定的抗菌活性,其对金黄色葡萄球菌最小抑菌浓度范围为8~16μg·mL-1。另外,本研究结果表明亚抑菌浓度的厚朴总酚可抑制α-溶血素的表达从而降低金黄色葡萄球菌的致病力,并可明显缓解金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素介导的细胞的损伤作用。 相似文献
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赤芍水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素及蛋白A表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨了赤芍水提物在体外对金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A、B及蛋白A分泌及mRNA转录的影响。试验中采用微量倍比稀释法测定赤芍对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC29213的最小抑菌浓度(MIC);采用Western blot和实时荧光定量PCR检测亚抑菌浓度下赤芍水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素A、B及蛋白A在mRNA转录和毒素蛋白分泌表达的影响。结果表明,赤芍水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC29213的MIC值为6.3mg/mL;在亚抑菌浓度下,赤芍水提物可以明显抑制肠毒素A、B及蛋白A在蛋白水平和转录水平的表达,且呈现明显的浓度依赖性。 相似文献
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为了测定胡椒碱对金黄色葡萄球菌USA300α溶血素(α-Hemolysin, Hla)溶血活性的抑制作用并初步阐明其机制,为胡椒碱治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染提供依据,试验选择Hla为靶标,通过溶血活性试验测定不同浓度胡椒碱对金黄色葡萄球菌USA300共培养物上清液溶血活性的影响,通过最低抑菌浓度(MIC)试验及生长曲线试验考察胡椒碱对金黄色葡萄球菌生长的影响,通过免疫印迹分析试验初步阐明胡椒碱抑制金黄色葡萄球菌USA300溶血活性的机制,通过乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)试验考察胡椒碱对共培养物上清液介导的细胞损伤的抑制作用。结果表明:胡椒碱可显著降低金黄色葡萄球菌Hla的表达,抑制金黄色葡萄球菌USA300培养物上清液的溶血活性,不同浓度胡椒碱均不影响金黄色葡萄球菌USA300生长,且可保护A549细胞免于培养物上清液介导的细胞损伤。说明胡椒碱能够通过抑制Hla的表达而缓解培养物上清液介导的A549细胞损伤,可用于治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染。 相似文献
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猪链球菌2型毒力因子研究进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
猪链球茵(SS)病是一种严重危害养猪业的人畜共患病,呈世界性分布.根据荚膜抗原特性的不同,猪链球茵被分为35个血清型(1/2型,1型～34型),其中以猪链球菌2型(SS2)流行最广,毒力最强.SS2主要的毒力因子有溶菌酶释放蛋白、胞外蛋白因子、荚膜抗原、溶血素等.然而,新近发现的一些与SS2致病性相关的基因序列和蛋白片段已经成为当前研究的重点和热点.在基因水平上的新发现主要有orf2毒力因子、89 kb毒力岛、转录调节因子、氨基酸通透酶、ABC转运子及表面锚定蛋白基因、反应调节因子RevS基因、纤连蛋白结合蛋白基因、编码噬茵体的基因序列Ssl和分泌性核酸酶SsnA基因等.蛋白水平上的新发现主要有脂磷壁酸的D-丙氨酰位点、自溶素、精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶系统、浑浊因子,38,45,39,44 ku蛋白,以及一些蛋白酶和纤维蛋白溶血酶原受体等. 相似文献
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本研究旨在从中药小分子库中筛选出金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）转录调控因子MgrA的单体抑制剂,并探讨其对金黄色葡萄球菌主要毒力因子的影响及对小鼠金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎的治疗作用。使用荧光各向异性分析法进行抑制剂的筛选,通过实时荧光定量PCR、溶血试验及纤维蛋白原黏附试验考察药物对MrgA调控的相关毒力基因转录表达及对溶血和黏附的抑制作用,采用热稳定迁移试验对其抑制机制进行初步探讨,最后通过建立小鼠肺炎模型评估鸢尾黄素对金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的小鼠肺炎的治疗作用。结果显示,鸢尾黄素作为MgrA的抑制剂,在不影响细菌生长的低浓度下（IC50=20.35 μg/mL）就能显著抑制MgrA的活性（P<0.05）;实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,鸢尾黄素可显著降低fnba基因的转录水平（P<0.05）,极显著降低hla和RNAⅢ基因的转录水平（P<0.01）,同时极显著上调ebh、srap和spa基因的转录水平（P<0.01）;溶血试验显示,8 μg/mL鸢尾黄素可极显著抑制USA300菌株的溶血作用（P<0.01）;纤维蛋白原黏附试验证实32 μg/mL鸢尾黄素可极显著抑制USA300菌株的黏附活性（P<0.01）;热稳定迁移试验揭示了鸢尾黄素是通过与MgrA结合从而抑制其活性。小鼠肺炎试验结果显示,鸢尾黄素能极显著提高金黄色葡萄球菌感染小鼠的存活率（P<0.01）,极显著减少其肺脏载菌量（P<0.01）,并减轻小鼠肺脏组织的病理损伤和炎症反应。以上结果表明,鸢尾黄素能通过抑制转录调控因子MgrA的活性对金黄色葡萄球菌感染引起的小鼠肺炎起到治疗作用,可作为开发治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染的先导化合物,并为以毒力因子MgrA为靶标的药物研发提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素基因的克隆与序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
参考Gary S Gray和Michael Kehce在《传染与免疫》杂志上发表的关于金黄色葡萄球菌α溶血素蛋白的基因序列,设计合成1对引物,从分离自牛体的野生株金黄色葡萄球菌中提取细菌总DNA,对α溶血素蛋白基因进行PCR扩增,产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,呈现1条约960 bp的条带,回收纯化后,将其克隆至pMD18 T质粒载体中,进行核苷酸序列分析,然后与报道的α溶血素蛋白基因进行比较。结果表明:所鉴定的野生株金黄色葡萄球菌的α溶血素蛋白基因序列与报道的核苷酸的同源性高达99.99%以上,证实为金黄色葡萄球菌Wood 46株α溶血素蛋白基因。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献