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1.
为了解新孢子虫NcSAG1表面蛋白基因工程亚单位疫苗对实验动物的免疫效果,本试验提取延边黄牛新孢子虫野毒株基因组DNA,用PCR技术扩增新孢子虫NcSAG1表面蛋白基因,并在大肠杆菌中进行原核表达,将Western-blot鉴定具有免疫活性的重组蛋白与弗氏佐剂混合制备NcSAG1基因工程亚单位疫苗,免疫BALB/c小鼠,应用间接ELISA方法测定体液免疫水平,应用流式细胞技术测定细胞免疫水平,以此评价疫苗对实验动物的免疫应答反应。结果显示,制备的NcSAG1基因工程亚单位疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠后,在三免后第3天时,检测抗体的OD450nm值达0.688;CD4+/CD8+值达3.650,均显著高于重组蛋白免疫组和PBS对照组,说明制备的基因工程亚单位疫苗能够提高实验动物的体液免疫和细胞免疫水平。本试验为牛新孢子虫NcSAG1表面蛋白基因工程亚单位疫苗的深入研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

2.
《中国兽医学报》2017,(2):254-257
PCR扩增牛源犬新孢子虫NcAMA1基因,克隆至pMD18-T simple载体;将鉴定正确的NcAMA1基因亚克隆至pCR259腺病毒穿梭载体,构建重组腺病毒穿梭质粒pCR259-NcAMA1;依次转化HighQ-1Transpose-AdTM294和HighQ-1TM感受态细胞,构建NcAMA1基因重组腺病毒表达质粒T294-NcAMA1;PacⅠ酶线性化后,脂质体介导转染至QBI-HEK293细胞,包装Ad5-NcAMA1重组腺病毒。结果表明,获得Ad5-NcAMA1重组腺病毒滴度为5.6×109 TCID50/mL;经PCR检测到重组腺病毒NcAMA1基因;经IFAT和Western blot检测NcAMA1基因在QBIHEK293细胞中获得表达,表达蛋白相对分子质量为68 000,具有较好的反应原性。本试验成功构建了Ad5-NcAMA1重组腺病毒,为牛源犬新孢子虫NcAMA1基因重组腺病毒载体疫苗的研制奠定基础。  相似文献   

3.
为了确定牛源犬新孢子虫NcGRA9基因的功能及表达蛋白的免疫原性，本试验PCR扩增牛源犬新孢子虫NcGRA9基因，构建克隆质粒pMD18-T-NcGRA9和原核表达质粒pGEX-4T-NcGRA9,转化大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞中IPTG诱导表达，SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blot分析表达重组蛋白的反应原性，应用重组蛋白与弗氏佐剂混合接种BALB/c小鼠，ELISA检测小鼠血清中IgG、IgG1、IgG2a抗体水平以及IFN-γ、IL-4细胞因子水平。结果显示，经PCR扩增获得522 bp的NcGRA9片段，表达蛋白纯化后相对分子质量约为45 kDa,具有良好的反应原性；重组蛋白接种BALB/c小鼠后，免疫组小鼠IgG、IgG1、IgG2a抗体水平以及IFN-γ、IL-4细胞因子水平均极显著高于PBS对照组(P<0.01),说明表达的重组蛋白具有良好的免疫原性。本试验表达的NcGRA9重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性，为新孢子虫病的防控奠定了基础。  相似文献   

4.
为构建牛源犬新孢子虫NcSRS2基因重组腺病毒,并分析其免疫原性,PCR扩增牛源犬新孢子虫NcSRS2基因,构建克隆质粒pMD18-T-NcSRS2、重组腺病毒穿梭质粒pCR259-NcSRS2及表达质粒Transpose-AdNcSRS2,脂质体介导转染QBI-HEK293细胞,包装重组腺病毒Ad5-NcSRS2,PCR检测重组腺病毒NcSRS2基因,IFAT和Western blotting检测NcSRS2基因在QBI-HEK293细胞中的表达,测定病毒滴度后,收集病毒液免疫BALB/c小鼠,间接ELISA检测小鼠血清IgG抗体水平.结果显示,扩增的牛源犬新孢子虫NcSRS2基因大小为1 227 bp,与GenBank中发表的NcSRS2( AF061249)核苷酸序列相似性为99％;重组腺病毒Ad5-NcSRS2在293细胞中包装成功,表达蛋白的相对分子质量为43 ku,具有较好的反应原性;测得重组腺病毒Ad5-NcSRS2滴度为109TCID50·mL-1,间接ELISA检测二免后3周BALB/c小鼠血清中IgG抗体效价达1 ∶ 2 048.本研究成功构建了具有良好免疫原性的重组腺病毒Ad5-NcSRS2,为牛源犬新孢子虫NcSRS2基因重组腺病毒载体疫苗的研制奠定了基础.  相似文献   

5.
为对犬孢子虫MAG1与IFN-γ融合基因重组真核质粒进行免疫学评价,本实验以含有MAG1-IFN-γ基因片段的克隆质粒为模板,扩增MAG1-IFN-γ目的片段,构建pVAX-MAG1-IFN-γ重组真核表达质粒,将其转染Vero细胞,采用间接免疫荧光(IFA)和western blot技术检测MAG1基因在Vero细胞中的表达,并免疫BALB/c小鼠,进行免疫学评价。结果表明,PCR扩增获得基因片段大小为1 536 bp,与GenBank中登录的MAG1和IFN-γ核苷酸序列的同源性为99%;IFA检测MAG1基因在Vero细胞中获得瞬时表达,转染的Vero细胞呈现特异性绿色荧光;western blot分析表达蛋白的分子量为57 ku,具有较好的反应原性。将构建的重组真核表达质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠,经间接ELISA和T淋巴细胞亚群含量测定表明,重组质粒具有较好的免疫原性。本实验为新孢子虫病核酸疫苗的深入研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
为了研究新孢子虫NcSRS2和NcSAG1重组蛋白对动物的免疫效果,利用重组表达的NcSRS2和NcSAG1蛋白与弗氏佐剂混匀后免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测小鼠抗新孢子虫抗体水平和血清中IL-4和IFN-γ含量。结果表明,免疫后的BALB/c小鼠IgG、IgG2a和IFN-γ抗体表达水平升高,IgG1抗体和IL-4表达水平也升高,表明NcSRS2和NcSAG1重组蛋白可激发机体产生Th1型和Th2型免疫反应,且NcSRS2重组蛋白的免疫增强效果与NcSAG1重组蛋白免疫组的差异具有显著统计学意义(P0.05)。本研究结果为研制高效安全的抗新孢子虫的新型疫苗提供了参考。  相似文献   

7.
依据NCBI中安氏隐孢子虫囊壁蛋白(COWP)编码基因设计特异性引物,提取安氏隐孢子虫长春株总RNA,RT-PCR扩增目的基因AF,构建重组原核表达载体pET28a-AF,通过大肠杆菌BL21诱导表达,产物经SDS-PAGE以及Western blotting鉴定。然后纯化重组蛋白,通过免疫BALB/c小鼠进行体液免疫和细胞免疫水平的检测。结果显示,重组原核表达质粒pET28a-AF构建成功,Western blotting显示重组蛋白约为18 000,可被安氏隐孢子虫免疫小鼠的多克隆抗体和HRP标记的抗组氨酸抗体识别。重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠的抗体水平差异显著(P0.05),与对照组相比,CD4+的值差异极显著(P0.01),而CD8+的值差异显著(P0.05)。结果表明,成功克隆并表达了重组安氏隐孢子虫囊壁蛋白,纯化的重组蛋白具有一定的免疫原性。  相似文献   

8.
为构建新孢子虫和弓形虫AMA1基因重组腺病毒,并分析其免疫原性,本试验根据新孢子虫和弓形虫AMA1基因序列的开放阅读框,设计新孢子虫和弓形虫交叉抗原AMA1基因通用引物,构建重组克隆质粒pMD18T-NcAMA1、pMD18T-TgAMA1及重组腺病毒穿梭质粒ADV4-Nc/TgAMA1,将ADV4-Nc/TgAMA1和骨架质粒pacAd5线性化后共转染293T细胞,包装Ad5-Nc/TgAMA1重组腺病毒,测定病毒滴度后,收集病毒液接种BALB/c小鼠,间接ELISA检测小鼠血清IgG抗体水平。结果显示,Nc/TgAMA1在Ad5-Nc/TgAMA1重组腺病毒中获得表达,测定Ad5-Nc/TgAMA1重组腺病毒滴度为109PFU/mL,接种BALB/c小鼠后,Ad5-Nc/TgAMA1接种组IgG抗体水平明显高于pVAX1-Nc/TgAMA1质粒组和PBS对照组。结果表明,构建的Ad5-Nc/TgAMA1重组腺病毒能诱导小鼠产生特异性体液免疫应答。本试验为新孢子虫和弓形虫交叉抗原AMA1基因重组腺病毒载体疫苗的研制奠定了基础。  相似文献   

9.
猪Ⅱ型圆环病毒ORF2截短基因的表达纯化及动物免疫试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
在最佳诱导条件下获得猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型（PCV2）重组Cap蛋白,表达产物经可溶性分析表明该重组蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在。大量诱导表达重组Cap蛋白,利用His Bind蛋白质纯化试剂盒对表达产物进行纯化,通过Western blotting检测证明表达产物具有良好的免疫原性。用该纯化的重组蛋白作为亚单位疫苗,与本实验室所构建保存的pcDNA3.1-ORF2分别免疫BALB/c小鼠,对亚单位疫苗和基因疫苗做了对比试验,为进一步研制PCV2基因工程苗奠定良好的基础。  相似文献   

10.
为评价猪囊尾蚴副肌球蛋白(AgB)真核表达重组质粒作为候选DNA疫苗的免疫效果,本研究将猪囊尾蚴AgB基因亚克隆于真核表达载体pVAX1中构建了重组表达质粒pVAX1-AgB;将pVAX1-AgB与ISA206佐剂按1:1体积比乳化,以每只100μg的剂量,肌肉注免疫5周龄左右的BALB/c小鼠,3周后加强免疫。同时,通过原核表达制备重组AgB蛋白作为ELISA检测抗原,通过间接ELISA方法检测免疫小鼠的抗体水平。结果显示,在小鼠免疫后2周即可检测到抗AgB抗体,6周达到峰值,并维持在较高水平,持续达8个月;实验组血清抗体水平明显高于对照组(p0.01)。本研究为pVAX1-AgB作为候选DNA疫苗提供了实验依据。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

20.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

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