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从1羽发病雏鸡中分离到1株溶血性革兰氏阳性球菌。初步分离鉴定后经攻毒试验能够造成小白鼠和雏鸡死亡,具有致病性。药敏试验表明,该菌对多种药物均表现耐药性,仅对庆大霉素、青霉素、氧氟沙星敏感。通过BLAST软件分析该菌株的16S rRNA序列,确定该致病性细菌为粪肠球菌。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2021,42(8)
为了解乌鲁木齐市宠物源粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性及其耐药基因携带情况,在乌鲁木齐市多家宠物医院、警犬基地、犬养殖基地采集宠物(犬和猫)直肠粪样449份进行粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌的分离鉴定,通过琼脂稀释法测定10种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度,利用PCR方法检测11种耐药基因。结果分离鉴定出宠物源粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌共计123株,其中粪肠球菌81株,屎肠球菌42株。宠物源粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对四环素和庆大霉素的耐药率较高,对阿米卡星、恩诺沙星和环丙沙星呈不同程度耐药,对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氨苄西林、万古霉素以及利奈唑胺高度敏感,仅部分屎肠球菌对亚胺培南表现耐药。检出aac(6′)/aph(2″)、aph(3′)-Ⅲ、tetM、tetA和optrA耐药基因;其余被检耐药基因未检出。耐药粪肠球菌以同时携带aac(6′)/aph(2″)+aph(3′)-Ⅲ+tetM耐药基因为主;耐药屎肠球菌以携带tetM耐药基因为主。宠物源粪肠球菌与屎肠球菌对被检抗菌药物存在不同程度耐药,均对四环素类药物耐药最严重、对应耐药基因检出率也最高。建议临床治疗应根据细菌耐药性结果进行合理用药,并持续加强对宠物源肠球菌耐药性监测。 相似文献
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本研究考察了培养基、培养时间对基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDITOF MS)快速鉴定猪、鸡源大肠杆菌和肠球菌的影响。结果表明:在哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基、胰酪大豆胨琼脂培养基和肠球菌显色营养琼脂培养基上培养对粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌的鉴定没有显著区别;在哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基、胰酪大豆胨琼脂培养基上培养对大肠杆菌的鉴定没有显著区别,而麦康凯培养基则不适合大肠杆菌的快速鉴定。大于24h的培养时间对大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌3种细菌快速鉴定均有不同程度的影响,其中对大肠杆菌的影响最为显著,而对粪肠球菌的影响最小。重复性实验中,大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌的鉴定分值均在90%以上,批间、批内变异系数均小于5%,说明本实验方法稳定性和重复性良好。与传统的生化鉴定方法比较,MALDITOF MS法操作简单快速、准确,可有效提升动物源细菌分离鉴定的工作效率。 相似文献
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为了解北京市宠物源细菌的抗菌药物耐药情况,2022年,笔者对北京市四个城区的四家宠物医院的犬、猫共计50份样本的肛拭子进行了研究。试验对样品中的大肠杆菌和肠球菌首先进行了分离培养和质谱鉴定,然后采用微量肉汤稀释法分析分离菌株的耐药表型。结果共分离出大肠杆菌25株、肠球菌25株（屎肠球菌14株、粪肠球菌11株）。大肠杆菌耐药率最高的2种抗菌药为四环素和氨苄西林,多重耐药菌占44%;肠球菌耐药情况较严重,粪肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑,屎肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑、头孢西丁和红霉素,二者多重耐药菌占分离株总数的100%。综上,北京地区宠物源大肠杆菌、肠球菌的耐药情况较为严峻,且多重耐药现象突出,需要加强对宠物抗菌药使用的监督与管理。 相似文献
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对上海地区1个规模化养猪场和1个规模化养鸡场分离鉴定的40株粪肠球菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法对12种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,采用Riboprinter®微生物基因指纹鉴定系统检测分离菌株的基因指纹图谱,分别检测分离菌株中的核糖体型和耐药性。结果表明,在40株粪肠球菌中,80%以上为多重耐药菌株,有4株猪源粪肠球菌对万古霉素耐药,其中有2株表现为对万古霉素高度耐药（MIC>64 mg/L）,且对链霉素和庆大霉素同时表现为高度耐药（MIC>2 048 mg/L）。从耐药表型和核糖体分型共同分析粪肠球菌的耐药性,发现多重耐药性严重,同一核糖体型菌株的耐药表型并非完全一致。 相似文献
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试验对重庆市万州区某养鸭专业户发病鸭分离的细菌经培养特性及生化试验,鉴定为大肠杆菌。用临床上常用的18种抗菌素纸片对分离菌株进行药敏试验。结果表明,所分离的大肠杆菌对呋喃妥因、阿米卡星和痢特灵3种药物高度敏感,对头孢噻肟、菌必治和庆大霉素中度敏感,而对四环素、环丙沙星等药物表现为耐药性。 相似文献
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本试验对新沂市马陵山镇某养鸭专业户发病鸭分离的细菌经培养及生化试验,鉴定为大肠杆菌。用临床上常用的18种抗菌素纸片对分离菌株进行药敏试验,结果表明,所分离的大肠杆菌对呋喃妥因、阿米卡星和痢特灵3种药物高度敏感,对先锋噻肟、菌必治和庆大霉素中度敏感,而对四环素、环丙沙星等药物表现为耐药性。 相似文献
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2株鸭源肠球菌的鉴定和药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对2株鸭源肠球菌临床分离株和1株粪肠球菌参考菌株的形态特征、培养特性、生理生化特性、对药物的敏感性等生物学特性进行了初步研究。结果表明,3个被检菌株在光学显微镜下呈球形、革兰氏阳性染色和链状排列方式;能在10℃、45℃和6.5%NaCl肉汤等条件下生长,能耐热60℃30min,其特性均符合肠球菌属的特征,各菌株生化反应特性均与粪肠球菌特性基本一致,3个菌株均可鉴定为粪肠球菌。药敏试验结果表明,3个菌株均对青霉素、万古霉素、庆大霉素和左氟沙星高度敏感,而对四环素耐药。 相似文献
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《四川畜牧兽医》2020,(9)
为了解西昌地区猪源肠外致病性大肠杆菌的耐药情况,本试验对2016～2018年西昌地区21个猪场的106个病猪样本进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性检测。通过培养特性、染色特点和形态观察以及PCR鉴定、致病性试验,共分离到28株肠外致病性大肠杆菌。采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示28株致病性大肠杆菌对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、强力霉素、四环素、庆大霉素、复方新诺明耐药严重,耐药率高于85%,对阿米卡星和头孢喹肟保持较高的敏感性,耐药率分别为14.3%和10.7%。28株大肠杆菌的多重耐药率高达100%,表明西昌地区猪源肠外致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性强、耐药谱广。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of acquired antimicrobial resistance in the resident intestinal microbiota of cats and to identify significant differences between various cat populations. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium and Streptococcus canis were isolated as faecal indicator bacteria from rectal swabs of 47 individually owned cats, 47 cattery cats and 18 hospitalised cats, and submitted through antimicrobial sensitivity tests. The results revealed that bacteria isolated from hospitalised and/or cattery cats were more frequently resistant than those from individually owned cats. E. coli isolates from hospitalised cats were particularly resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and sulfonamide. Both enterococci and streptococci showed high resistance to tetracycline and in somewhat lesser extent to erythromycin and tylosin. Most E. faecium isolates were resistant to lincomycin and penicillin. One E. faecalis as well as one E. faecium isolate from hospitalised cats showed 'high-level resistance' (MIC > 500 microg/ml) against gentamicin, a commonly used antimicrobial agent in case of human enterococcal infections. The results of this research demonstrate that the extent of acquired antimicrobial resistance in the intestinal microbiota of cats depends on the social environment of the investigated population. It is obvious that the flora of healthy cats may act as a reservoir of resistance genes. 相似文献
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Schlegelová J Babák V Klímová E Lukásová J Navrátilová P Sustácková A Sedivá I Rysánek D 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(5):216-225
The prevalence of strains of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative (CN) staphylococci, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium and Bacillus cereus, was investigated in 111 bulk milk samples. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 38 samples, CN staphylococci from 63 samples, E. coli from 49 samples, E. faecalis or E. faecium from 107 samples, and L. monocytogenes from two samples. Bacillus cereus was not found in any of the samples and three samples were free of any of the selected species. Sensitivity to the anti-microbial drugs amikacin, ampicillin, ampicillin + sulbactam, cephalothin (CLT), cephotaxime, clindamycin, chloramphenicol (CMP), co-trimoxazole, erythromycin (ERY), gentamicin, neomycin, norfloxacin, oxacillin, penicillin, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TTC) and vancomycin was tested using the standard dilution technique. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) characteristics (MIC50, MIC90, MIC range) were determined for each microbial species. Resistance against one or more anti-microbial drugs was found in 93% of S. aureus, 40% of CN staphylococci, 73% of E. coli, 88% of E.faecalis, 55% of E.faecium, and one L. monocytogenes strain. Most of the strains, particularly enterococci, were resistant to STR, TTC, and ERY (MIC50 4 microg/ml). A high percentage of staphylococci were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. High resistance to CLT was found in 11 strains of E. coli (MIC 256 microg/ml) and strains resistant to CMP (MIC90 16 microg/ml) were detected. The highest numbers of resistance phenotypes were found in E. coil (16) and CN staphylococci (12). Eighteen identical resistance phenotypes were demonstrated in indicator bacteria (E. coli, E. faecalis, E. faecium) and pathogens (S. aureus, CN staphylococci) isolated from the same bulk milk sample. The obtained resistance data were matched against the herd owners' information on therapeutic use of the drugs. This confrontation could not explain the findings of strains resistant to ERY or CMP. Our findings are evidence of selection of resistant strains among not only pathogenic agents, but also among indicator bacteria which can become significant carriers of transmissible resistance genes. 相似文献
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4个动物园灵长类动物肠道克雷伯氏菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从4个动物园的非人灵长类动物中采集了214份粪便样品,经过细菌分离培养、染色镜检和生化试验等分离鉴定出88株克雷伯氏菌,分离率为41.12%。按照美国临床实验室标准化委员会(CLSI)的判定标准,对分离到的88株克雷伯氏菌进行了22种抗生素药物的药敏试验,结果表明,88株均表现出不同的程度的耐药性,其中,耐药程度最高的是羧苄青霉素(耐药率为95.45%);敏感度最高的是阿米卡星(敏感率为77.27%)。88株克雷伯氏菌分离株均有较为严重的多重耐药性,耐8～15种抗菌药物的菌株最多,有64株,占分离菌株的72.73%;耐10种以上抗菌药物的菌株有63株,占分离菌株的71.59%。从不同动物园分离的克雷伯氏菌对22种抗生素的耐药情况来看,在所调查的4个动物园中,重庆某动物园(CQ)和北京某动物园(BJ)的克雷伯氏菌分离株间耐药率无差异(P>0.05);上海某野生动物园(SHW)和上海某动物园(SHZ)的克雷伯氏菌分离株间耐药率无差异(P>0.05);而北京某动物园(BJ)与上海某野生动物园(SHW)和上海某动物园(SHZ)的克雷伯氏菌分离株相比,其耐药率差异均极显著(P<0.01);重庆某动物园(CQ)与上海某野生动物园(SHW)和上海某动物园(SHZ)的克雷伯氏菌分离株相比,其耐药率差异均极显著(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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Tejedor-Junco MT Afonso-Rodríguez O Martín-Barrasa JL González-Martín M 《Research in veterinary science》2005,78(1):33-38
We have investigated the resistance of Enterococcus isolated from poultry faeces to antibiotics commonly used as therapy of enterococcal infections. Identification was made by the method of Facklam and Collins. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin and teicoplanin were determined and high level aminoglycoside resistance was investigated. Genes codifying high level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) were determined by PCR. Fifty five Enterococcus strains were isolated (63.6% E. faecalis, 12.7% E. mundtii, 9.1% E. faecium, 7.3% E. casseliflavus, 3.7% E. durans and 3.6% E. hirae). None of the strains were resistant to VAN, TEC, P or AM. HLAR was found in 34.5% of strains for SM, 27.3% for KM and 7.3% for GM. The gene for the bifunctional enzyme was found only in one strain, that showed HLAR to GM and KM. Fourteen strains harboured the gene aph(3')-III, being 11 resistant to KM and STR, and three resistant to GM, KM and STR. The remaining six strains showed HLAR to STR, but were negative for the three genes tested by PCR. The gene ant(4'4") was not detected in any of the strains. No unexpected vancomycin resistance was detected. The resistance rates among poultry strains were lower than those found among human strains isolated from hospital patients in recent Canary studies. 相似文献
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本试验通过对山东某地区8个大型集约化肉鸡养殖场的27只死淘鸡进行剖检、电镜观察、病原菌分离鉴定,明确了细菌混合感染为其显著特征,此地区优势致病菌依次为粪肠球菌、浅绿气球菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、嗜水气单胞菌。用专利产品(专利号:ZL 2009 2 0253251.5)吸管药敏检测盒对死淘鸡病变组织的细菌混合感染进行药敏检测,对照传统的药敏检测结果,表明吸管药敏检测盒具有准确的原位药敏检测的特点和优势,有助于了解肉鸡养殖场潜在的致病因素、提供可行的预防方案。 相似文献
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17 feces samples of yak which were collected in Hongyuan county were measured with Gram staining method and 16S rRNA molecular identification in this study.8 suspected Enterococcus were separate from feces samples by bacteria purification and PCR amplification with 1 500 bp specific band. 6Enterococcus faecalis and 2Enterococcus faecium were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing.The homology analysis of the strains revealed that the homology between Enterococcus faecalis and reference strains sequence were 99.7% to 100%,that of Enterococcus faecium and reference sequence were 98.2% to 99.2%,indicating that the yak Enterococcus was highly conserved in the process of genetic evolution.The drug sensitive test results showed that the isolated strains were highly resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.Enterococcus faecium 11-1-2 strain was not only 5 multi-resistant,but also showed resistence to vancomycin.Enterococcus faecalis strains was most 3 multi-resistant.The antibiotics resistance results revealed that the resistance of yak Enterococcus was serious and should be taken seriously. 相似文献
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试验结合革兰氏染色及16S rRNA分子鉴定,对分离自红原县的17份牦牛粪便样中的肠球菌进行鉴定。结果显示,通过细菌分离纯化及PCR扩增,从牦牛粪便样品中分离出8株疑似肠球菌,分离菌的扩增产物经凝胶电泳后均产生1 500 bp特异性条带。16S rRNA测序结果显示,8株疑似肠球菌中,6株为粪肠球菌,2株为屎肠球菌。同源性比对分析显示,粪肠球菌与参考序列同源性为99.7%~100.0%,屎肠球菌与参考序列同源性为98.2%~99.2%,说明牦牛源肠球菌在遗传进化过程中高度保守。运用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离株对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐受性较高,2株屎肠球菌中,11-1-2菌株表现为5重耐药,且该菌株耐万古霉素,粪肠球菌主要表现为3重耐药,药敏结果提示牦牛源肠球菌耐药较严重,应引起高度重视。 相似文献
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本试验旨在鉴定一株从肉鸡体内分离的广谱耐药菌,并从分子生物学角度对该株细菌的耐药机理进行探讨。根据《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》标准对该菌进行培养特性、生化试验鉴定,设计1对16S rDNA通用引物扩增其16S rDNA并测序鉴定;根据该菌的药物敏感性试验结果设计了12对引物扩增其基因组上耐药基因。细菌培养特性和生化试验结果显示该菌为一株肠球菌,PCR扩增出大小为1465 bp的目的片段,药敏试验显示该株细菌耐受多种抗生素,PCR扩增其耐药基因发现存在ant(6)-iv、OXA-10、tetM、CTX-M-1、TEM基因。最终鉴定该株细菌为一株肠球菌,耐药基因的存在是其产生耐药性的原因之一。 相似文献