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1.
禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC）是导致不同日龄禽类局部和全身感染的重要病原菌,也是人肠外致病性大肠杆菌（extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli,ExPEC）毒力基因的重要储存宿主或来源。为深入理解APEC的感染过程、致病机理、宿主免疫应答及遗传抵抗机制、评估药物和疫苗防治效果,研究者通过不同途径建立了多种评估APEC毒力的实验感染模型。根据所涉及的系统不同可分为呼吸系统、脉管系统、肌肉系统、皮肤系统、生殖系统、消化系统及鸡胚系统等。此外,尚有小鼠与大鼠感染试验及组织培养细胞和外植块感染试验等。作者重点介绍了不同APEC实验感染模型的建立、致病机制、宿主应答及应用。 相似文献
2.
大肠杆菌Ⅲ型分泌系统2（Escherichia coli type III secretion system 2，ETT2）参与禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli，APEC）的致病作用。本研究旨在探究ETT2结构基因epaPQR对禽致病性大肠杆菌的生物学特性及致病作用的影响，为进一步阐明ETT2的致病机制提供依据。基于CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术，构建epaPQR基因缺失株和回复株，通过生长曲线测定、运动性和生物被膜形成能力等试验，分析epaPQR基因对APEC生物学特性的影响；通过血清杀菌与组织载菌量等试验分析epaPQR基因对APEC致病性的影响。结果表明，成功构建ETT2结构基因epaPQR基因缺失株和回复株，epaPQR基因缺失后，其生长能力和生物被膜形成能力并没有显著改变（P>0.05）；但epaPQR基因缺失后，其运动能力显著降低（P<0.05），在透射电镜下观察到缺失株鞭毛数量明显减少，通过荧光定量PCR发现，鞭毛T3SS结构基因及鞭毛输出蛋白基因的转录水平均显著下调（P<0.05）。epaPQR基因缺失后其抗血清杀菌能力显著增强（P<0.05），缺失株AE81ΔepaPQR在雏鸡体内不同器官的定殖能力显著降低。结果说明，ETT2结构基因epaPQR参与调控APEC的鞭毛形成，影响APEC抗血清杀菌能力以及在体内组织器官的定殖能力，表明epaPQR在APEC致病过程中发挥重要作用，本研究为深入探究ETT2功能和APEC致病机制提供参考。 相似文献
3.
CpxR是细菌中Cpx双组分系统（two component system,TCS）的反应调控蛋白,通过调控靶基因的转录表达,在细菌细胞膜稳定及毒力方面发挥作用。本研究旨在探究TCS CpxR对禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC）基本生物学特性、抗血清杀菌能力及致病性的影响。利用Red同源重组系统及互补质粒构建cpxR基因缺失株、互补株,然后比较分析野生株、基因缺失株与互补株的生长曲线、运动性、生物被膜形成能力、药物敏感性、抗血清杀菌能力、动物致病性的差异。结果显示：cpxR基因缺失株与野生株、互补株的生长速度和运动性能无明显差异,且缺失cpxR基因不影响APEC的生物被膜形成能力。然而,缺失CpxR导致APEC对阿米卡星和卡那霉素耐药性降低。血清杀菌试验结果显示,CpxR有助于APEC的抗血清杀菌能力。动物感染试验结果显示,野生株、cpxR基因缺失株和互补株对雏鸭的半数致死量（LD50）分别为7.50×105、7.50×106、1.33×106 CFU,表明CpxR缺失显著降低APEC的毒力。综上表明,TCS CpxR在APEC耐药性、抗血清杀菌能力及毒力方面发挥作用,为阐明APEC的环境适应性、生存能力及致病机制提供参考。 相似文献
4.
GUO Changming WU Zhi ZHU Shanyuan WANG Yongjuan FENG Qi DONG Hongyan YUAN Cheng XU Hai WU Shuang 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(12):4076-4084
In this study,191 strains of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) were isolated from duck farms in and around Jiangsu province.The serotype,virulence gene distribution and drug resistance of 21 strains (one from each farm) were detected,and the correlation between serotype,virulence gene distribution and drug resistance was analyzed,in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of APEC.The serotypes of 21 APEC strains showed that there were 12 strains of O65,accounting for 57.14% of all strains.The results of virulence gene detection showed that 5 virulence genes had a high distribution rate,among which the positive rate of fimA gene was 100%,and the positive rates of ECs3737,ECs3703,tsh and irp2 genes were 90.5%,85.7%,57.1% and 42.9%,respectively.There were 6 strains (28.57%) with five virulence genes.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that 21 APEC strains had multiple drug resistance,and 100% strains were resistant to enrofloxacin,doxycycline,vancomycin and erythromycin.Among all the strains,85.71% and 14.29% were resistant to more than 10 and 21 kinds of drugs,respectively.The relationship among serotypes,virulence gene distribution and drug resistance showed that there were 13 strains with more than 4 virulence genes,9 of which were O65 serotypes.Among the 13 strains with more than 4 virulence genes,9 strains (69.23%) were resistant to more than 15 drugs,and 3 strains (23.08%) were resistant to more than 20 drugs.The results showed that the serotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from ducks in Jiangsu province and its surrounding areas were complex,carrying a variety of virulence genes,and the drug resistance was serious. 相似文献
5.
本研究旨在明确江苏及周边地区鸭禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC）的血清型、毒力基因分布和耐药性之间的相关性,以期为APEC的防控提供依据。从江苏省及周边养鸭场分离了191株APEC,并对其中21株（每个养殖场选取1株）的O抗原血清型、毒力基因分布和耐药性进行检测。对21株APEC的血清型检测结果表明,O65血清型12株,占全部菌株的57.14%,O5、O28、O42、O87、O93、O138、O147血清型均为1株,其他血清型2株;毒力基因检测结果表明,5个毒力基因有较高的分布率,其中fimA基因的阳性率为100%,ECs3737、ECs3703、tsh和irp2基因的阳性率分别为90.5%、85.7%、57.1%和42.9%,含有5个毒力基因的菌株共有6株（28.57%）;药敏试验结果表明,21株APEC均存在多重耐药性,100%的分离菌株对恩诺沙星、强力霉素、万古霉素和红霉素耐药,85.71%的分离株对10种以上抗生素耐药,14.29%的菌株对21种药物都耐药;对血清型、毒力基因分布和耐药性之间的关系分析表明,含有4种以上毒力基因的菌株有13株,其中9株是O65血清型。在13株含有4种以上毒力基因的菌株中,耐15种药物以上的有9株（69.23%）,耐20种以上药物的有3株（23.08%）,表明含有4种以上毒力基因的菌株多重耐药现象严重。研究表明,江苏及周边地区鸭源大肠杆菌血清型复杂,携带多种毒力基因,耐药性严重。 相似文献
6.
【目的】 探究大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对O2血清型禽致病性大肠杆菌感染引起的鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果, 以及噬菌体BP16的最佳治疗剂量。【方法】 将O2血清型禽致病性大肠杆菌新鲜培养物稀释成5×1010、5×109、5×108、5×107和5×106 CFU/mL 5个浓度梯度, 以测定禽致病性大肠杆菌的半数致死量(LD50), 确定其感染剂量; 选取常用的对革兰阴性菌有抑菌或杀菌作用的药敏纸片进行药敏试验, 筛选出阳性对照药物; 经无菌试验和安全性试验确定噬菌体裂解液的无菌性及安全性, 用于后续试验。将80只雏鸡随机分为5个试验组与3个对照组, 试验组在雏鸡攻毒前后不同时间腹腔注射大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16, 3个对照组分别腹腔注射氟苯尼考、大肠杆菌菌液、生理盐水, 其余条件一致, 连续饲养7 d, 记录雏鸡的死亡率, 评价大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对大肠杆菌人工感染试验鸡的防治效果。【结果】 O2血清型大肠杆菌的LD50为1.5×108 CFU/mL, 筛选出氟苯尼考作为阳性对照药物, 噬菌体裂解液中无菌, 噬菌体悬液对雏鸡安全, 可用于后续防治试验。雏鸡感染大肠杆菌前6 h使用噬菌体能有效预防大肠杆菌病, 在感染同时至感染后6 h内使用噬菌体, 能有效治疗大肠杆菌病, 且噬菌体治疗效果优于氟苯尼考; 当大肠杆菌攻毒剂量为1.5×108 CFU时, 噬菌体剂量为1.5×109 PFU时治疗效果为最佳。【结论】 大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对大肠杆菌病具有防治作用, 本研究为进一步应用噬菌体防治大肠杆菌病及开发大肠杆菌噬菌体制剂提供了科学依据。 相似文献
7.
大肠杆菌的运动性主要由鞭毛提供动力，鞭毛是致病性大肠杆菌重要毒力因子之一，本文通过探究Fur及其负调控的非编码RNA——RyhB对禽致病性大肠杆菌（APEC）运动性的影响，为探索防控禽大肠杆菌病的潜在靶点提供科学依据。通过Red同源重组方法构建AE17△Fur和AE17△Fur/RyhB，比较缺失株与原始株运动性特征，结合转录组学数据探究Fur和RyhB对APEC鞭毛以及生物被膜形成的影响。结果显示成功构建了AE17△Fur和AE17△Fur/RyhB，转录组学结果显示Fur的缺失基本上使所有鞭毛相关的基因下调。Fur的缺失使APEC的运动性显著减弱，RyhB对APEC的运动性没有显著影响，△Fur/RyhB较△Fur运动能力有所增加。△Fur和△Fur/RyhB生物被膜形成能力显著增强，△RyhB生物被膜形成减弱，与运动性趋势基本一致。Fur对禽致病性大肠杆菌的鞭毛组装有非常重要的作用，其负调控的RyhB一定程度上可以抑制这种作用机制的影响，并进一步影响了生物被膜的形成，为寻找相关药物靶点提供可能。 相似文献
8.
旨在研究六型分泌系统2（type VI secretion system 2，T6SS2）clpV2基因对禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli，APEC） TW-XM菌株生物学特性的影响。本研究利用Red同源重组构建clpV2基因缺失株，将clpV2基因克隆到表达载体pBR322中，成功构建回补株。对突变株的部分生物学特性进行分析。结果显示：各突变株均能稳定遗传，且clpV2基因的缺失不影响TW-XM菌株的生长速度以及对多种抗生素的敏感性，但会导致其运动能力和生物被膜形成能力显著下降。综上表明，clpV2基因的缺失会影响TW-XM菌株的部分生物学特性，为进一步研究clpV2基因的功能和APEC的致病机制奠定基础。 相似文献
9.
【目的】 了解江苏、江西、安徽地区鸭源大肠杆菌的分布以及致病性情况。【方法】 本研究对江苏、江西、安徽地区的病死鸭进行了鸭源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,运用PCR结合玻片凝集法测定鸭源大肠杆菌分离株的血清型,并进行了18种毒力基因的PCR检测,随后进行雏鸭致病性试验,并对毒力较强和毒力较弱的菌株进行生长曲线以及半数致死量(LD50)测定。【结果】 本研究共分离鉴定获得鸭源大肠杆菌74株,鉴定为O1、O2、O18、O78血清型的分别有1、2、2和4株,其余均未定型;18种毒力基因鉴定结果表明,ibeB、yijp、OmpA和mat基因检出率分别为97.3%、97.3%、95.95%和90.54%。动物致病性试验结果表明,经107 CFU/只攻毒后,74株分离株均引起雏鸭不同程度发病,但仅有2株对雏鸭致死率≥50%。生长曲线测定结果表明,2株强毒株与2株弱毒株的生长速度无显著差异(P>0.05),2株强毒株的LD50分别为104.75和107.375 CFU。【结论】 本研究分离的74株鸭源大肠杆菌O1、O2、O18和O78型仅占12.16%,毒力基因谱分布广泛,但仅有2株毒力较强,该研究为鸭源大肠杆菌病的预防控制以及研究血清型、毒力基因与致病性之间的相互关系奠定基础。 相似文献
10.
【目的】 探索噬菌体作为控制养殖环境致病性大肠杆菌的新手段。【方法】 本研究进行了大肠杆菌噬菌体的分离及相应指标评估。通过双层平板法从养殖环境中分离禽致病性大肠杆菌裂解性噬菌体。通过电镜及酶切鉴定、温度及酸碱稳定性、最佳感染复数、一步生长曲线及其在模拟环境中的杀菌效果对该噬菌体进行综合性评估。【结果】 分离得到的噬菌体具有正多面体的头部和细而长的尾部结构, 头部直径约98 nm, 尾部长约123 nm, 结合酶切鉴定结果初步判定该噬菌体为肌尾科双链DNA噬菌体。该噬菌体的温度耐受范围为37~50 ℃; 酸碱耐受范围为pH 3.0~11.0。当感染复数为0.00001时产生的子代噬菌体滴度最高; 一步生长曲线测定结果显示, 该噬菌体潜伏期为20~40 min, 裂解时间为80~100 min, 裂解量为4 133 PFU/cell。从该噬菌体对模拟环境中宿主大肠杆菌的杀菌效果可看出, 浓度为1×104~1×106 PFU/mL的噬菌体ФECP2-1对液体中目标大肠杆菌作用1~6 h, 杀菌率均在99.9%以上; 浓度为2×104~2×106 PFU/g的噬菌体ФECP2-1对鸡粪中目标大肠杆菌作用5~10 h, 杀菌率均在99%以上, 该噬菌体对鸡粪中目标大肠杆菌杀菌效果略低于对液体中目标大肠杆菌的杀菌效果。【结论】 ФECP2-1符合噬菌体类消毒剂相关特征, 是一株具有良好应用前景的噬菌体, 可作为一种生物消毒剂应用于养殖环境中禽大肠杆菌的防控。 相似文献
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生物被膜是导致细菌产生耐药性的主要原因之一,本文通过探究Ⅲ型分泌系统2（ETT2）转录调节因子YqeI对禽致病性大肠杆菌生物被膜形成的影响及其影响机制,为探究ETT2对禽致病性大肠杆菌致病机制的影响提供研究基础。利用Red同源重组的方法构建yqeI基因缺失株,并通过检测野生株与缺失株生物被膜形成能力、结合转录组学测序及荧光定量检测生物被膜基因表达量等,探究转录调节因子YqeI对禽致病性大肠杆菌生物被膜形成能力的影响。结果显示成功构建了yqeI基因缺失株,且yqeI的缺失并不影响生长曲线,但生物被膜形成能力显著下降,且相关生物被膜基因转录量显著下调。禽致病性大肠杆菌ETT2转录调节因子YqeI显著影响了禽致病性大肠杆菌生物被膜形成能力,为从ETT2及yqeI的角度发掘潜在的调控网络提供依据。 相似文献
12.
Rama G Chhina DK Chhina RS Sharma S 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2005,28(5-6):339-349
The human urinary tract is able to combat with the microbial invasion under normal circumstances. To cause urinary tract infection the organism has to evade the host defense mechanisms by possessing distinct properties which contribute to the virulence of the organism hence called virulence determinants Ninety percent of uncomplicated urinary tract infections are caused by Escherichia coli, hence the knowledge of the virulence determinants of this organism can be extrapolated to other uropathogenic organism as well. Virulence determinants of uropathogenic E. coli include adhesins, siderophore production, polysaccharide coating, hemolysin production, outer membrane proteins etc. The intestinal E. coli, which are the reservoir of E. coli for causing UTI, lack these virulence determinants. On the other hand these virulence determinants enable the organism to colonize and invade the urinary tract. In addition these are important in acquiring the nutrients in other wise nutrient deficient environment. Further, they also help the organisms in triggering an inflammatory response and hence bringing about pathological changes which leads to symptomatic UTI. Severity of symptomatic infections and tissue damage during the infective process depends upon the magnitude of the inflammatory response triggered by the uropathogen which in turn is dependent upon the amount of extrcellular release of reactive oxygen species by the phagocytic cells; hence role of antioxidants as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of infective process needs to be evaluated further. 相似文献
13.
【Objective】 This study was aimed to explore the biological characteristics and genome characteristics of broad-spectrum Escherichia coli O157∶H7 phage.【Method】 The broad-spectrum Escherichia coli O157∶H7 lytic phage was seperated from a swine farm sewage in Nanning of Guangxi using the double-layer agar culture method.The host range and the corresponding titers of phage were determined through the methods of spot tests and plaque tests.The methods of transmission electron microscope observation,determination of the best multiplicity of infection in the plural,one-step growth curve drawing,thermal sensitivity and pH stability evaluation,sterilization experiment and the whole genome sequencing were used to analyze the morphological features,biological characteristics and the whole genomic characteristics of phage.【Result】 A broad-spectrum lytic phage against Escherichia coli O157∶H7 was successfully isolated and purified which was named as vB_EcoM_GXBP08.Phage vB_EcoM_GXBP08 could lyse 14 Escherichia coli strains with high efficiency,and the phage titers could reach 109 to 1010 PFU/mL.Using Escherichia coli O157∶H7 CVCC4050 as host bacteria,the optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of phage vB_EcoM_GXBP08 was 1.One-step growth curve indicated that the latent period of vB_EcoM_GXBP08 was 20 min,the outbreak period was 50 min,and the outbreak quantity was 154 PFU/cell. The tolerable temperature range of phage vB_EcoM_GXBP08 was 30 to 70 ℃,and it could maintain activity at pH 4.0 to pH 10.0.The results of bactericidal experiment against CVCC4050 showed that phage vB_EcoM_GXBP08 had good germicidal efficacy when MOI was 1.According to transmission electron microscope observation and the whole genome analysis,phage vB_EcoM_GXBP08 belonged to Caudovirales order,Myoviridae family,T4-like Phagus,which had a genome consisting of 108 114 bp with a GC content of 36.23%.Phage vB_EcoM_GXBP08 genome harbored 8 CDS associated with lysis proteins and lacked virulence genes and drug resistance genes associated with antibiotic resistance,toxins and virulence factors.【Conclusion】 Phage vB_EcoM_GXBP08 had a broad host range,high titer,good thermal stability and acid-base stability,and a strong bactericidal effect in liquid medium.The results provided reference for the development of broad-spectrum phage and its application in the prevention and treatment of Escherichia coli O157∶H7 infection in food industry and breeding industry. 相似文献
14.
【目的】 查明引起福建省龙岩市某豪猪养殖场致豪猪腹泻死亡的病原菌及其特征,为该病的科学防控及合理用药提供参考依据。【方法】 分离腹泻死亡豪猪的病原,并结合形态特征、生理生化试验、16S rRNA基因扩增、种系发育分群鉴定分离菌株;通过毒力基因检测、动物致病性试验及药敏试验对分离菌株的致病性和耐药性进行研究。【结果】 从发病死亡豪猪肝脏组织中分离到1株大肠杆菌,命名为Fj/Porcupine2018,该分离菌株与22株不同来源的参考菌株16S rRNA序列之间的相似度为97.4%~99.8%,其中与禽源分离株（登录号：MN022583）和人源分离株（登录号：MW881377）的序列相似度高达99.8%;种系发育分群证实该分离菌株属于B1群。毒力基因检测结果显示,该分离菌株除检出肠侵袭型大肠杆菌毒力基因EinV外,还检出papC、iroC、Afa、luxs、stx2f及ompA 6种毒力相关基因。动物致病性试验显示,该分离菌株对小鼠具有较强的致病性,小鼠在攻毒后31 h内全部死亡,且肝脏、脾脏、肺脏及肠道等器官组织均有明显的病理损伤;在对常见抗菌药物的药敏试验中,该分离菌株对大环内酯类、四环素类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、头孢类、氨基糖苷类、青霉素类7类11种药物表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药率为25%~100%,仅对头孢曲松和头孢西叮2种药物表现敏感。【结论】 本研究分离获得了1株腹泻死亡豪猪的病原菌大肠杆菌,通过一系列生物学特性研究证实该分离菌为1株具有较强致病力且呈现多重耐药性的B1群肠侵袭型大肠杆菌,为豪猪等野生动物大肠杆菌病的防控提供了重要的参考依据。 相似文献
15.
为研究不同病例发病动物的发病原因,并对不同病例病料分离出的细菌进行16S rDNA同源性分析,本试验对10种不同病例发病动物病料进行细菌分离培养并对分离获得的细菌进行微生物学鉴定,设计1对16S rDNA基因引物,对分离出的10株细菌进行PCR扩增、测序及16S rDNA同源性分析。结果显示,分离获得的10株细菌经微生物学鉴定均为大肠杆菌,10株大肠杆菌中哺乳类动物病例犬乳房炎、犬子宫蓄脓、犬肺炎、犬皮肤化脓疮、奶牛乳房炎、犊牛腹泻6株大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性为100.0%,家禽类动物病例肉鸽腹泻、肉鸡腹泻、野鸡腹泻和白孔雀腹泻4株大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性也为100.0%,10株不同病例动物来源大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性为97.5%~100.0%。本试验探明了10种不同病例发病动物的发病原因均为大肠杆菌感染引起,且10株大肠杆菌16S rDNA之间具有高度同源性。 相似文献
16.
为了解不同浓度赤芍黄柏制剂对致病性大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）感染的雏鸡肠道菌群多样性的影响,本研究对240只15日龄健康雏鸡随机编号后分为空白对照组（CON）、感染组（BC）、低剂量治疗组（TL）和高剂量治疗组（TH）4个组,除对照组外,其余各组（BC、TL、TH）均使用致病性大肠杆菌进行感染,感染0.5 d后,分别用不同浓度的赤芍黄柏制剂对TL组（4 mL·L-1灭菌水）和TH组（12 mL·L-1灭菌水）进行饮水治疗,治疗5 d后统计各组发病率及死亡率,采用高通量测序技术检测雏鸡十二指肠肠道菌群多样性。结果显示,与感染组相比,TH组显著降低了雏鸡的发病率和死亡率（P<0.05）。菌群分析显示,赤芍黄柏制剂处理改变了雏鸡肠道菌群多样性组成,提高了乳杆菌属的丰度。CON组优势菌群以厚壁菌门、肠球菌属为主;BC组肠道优势菌群主要为厚壁菌门、变形菌门、肠球菌属、大肠杆菌属及葡萄球菌属;TL组优势菌群以厚壁菌门、乳杆菌属、肠球菌属及葡萄球菌属为主;TH组优势菌群以厚壁菌门、乳杆菌属为主。热图分析显示,乳杆菌属与发病率和死亡率呈负相关,大肠杆菌属与发病率和死亡率呈正相关（P<0.05）。综上,大肠杆菌感染及赤芍黄柏制剂治疗改变了雏鸡肠道菌群多样性及组成,而这种肠道菌群的变化可能对雏鸡腹泻发病及抗病力产生重要影响。 相似文献
17.
A total of 114 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates were collected from cases of colisepticaemia occurring in broilers (77) and layers (37) within Ireland. In addition 45 strains isolated from faeces of healthy birds were included for comparison. All isolates were serogrouped, and examined for known virulence factors, mostly by PCR. The O78 serogroup represented 55 and 27% of broiler and layer colisepticaemic isolates respectively. All isolates were positive for curli fimbriae (crl, csg) and negative for afimbrial adhesin (afa). S-fimbrial (sfa) sequences were present in 8.8% of septicaemic isolates and 8.9% of healthy bird isolates. The majority of E. coli from cases of colisepticaemia (97.4%) and healthy bird (95.6%) isolates were positive for aerobactin (aer), and temperature sensitive haemagglutinin (tsh) was similarly detected in high numbers in 93.9 and 93.3%, respectively. In comparison to E. coli isolates from the faeces of healthy birds, a significantly higher percentage of isolates from septicaemic cases possessed Type 1 fimbriae (fimC) and increased serum survival (iss) gene sequences. Forty-seven (41.2%) isolates from septicaemic birds possessed P-fimbriae (pap) gene sequences, compared with only 15.6% from E. coli isolated from healthy birds. Haemolysin (hlyE) sequences were detected in 46.7% of isolates from healthy birds in comparison with 6.1% of septicaemic isolates. Sequences encoding colicin V (cvaC) were detected in 99.1% of septicaemic isolates and 82.2% of isolates from healthy birds. The K1 capsule was only present in two septicaemic isolates, both taken from layers. Motility was detected in 36.8% of E. coli isolated from cases of septicaemia, compared with 93.3% of isolates from healthy birds. These results demonstrate the presence of 11 virulence genes in E. coli isolated from cases of colisepticaemia within Ireland, and indicate the prevalence of iss and fimC. 相似文献
18.
本研究旨在探索益生菌对雏鸡抵抗大肠杆菌感染的影响,为微生态制剂的开发提供依据。通过牛津杯试验和细菌黏附抑制试验,初步得到体外抑制大肠杆菌效果良好的3种益生菌及它们的等比例混合菌液,分别为植物乳杆菌ZN-3、鼠李糖乳杆菌QC、丁酸梭菌HYCB和混合菌制剂X。连续30 d向7日龄SPF雏鸡分别灌服各益生菌及它们的混合制剂,并在灌服的第26~30天每天感染1次大肠杆菌XT-13,记录雏鸡存活率和体重变化。利用相同的灌服与感染方案,分析混合益生菌组雏鸡感染XT-13后的心脏、肝脏以及大肠的剖检与病理变化,并通过免疫组织化学法检测肝脏和肠道的大肠杆菌载菌量。另外,为了分析灌服混合益生菌制剂对大肠杆菌感染后雏鸡细胞因子的影响,采用非致死剂量的XT-13感染雏鸡,分别在感染后第4、8和14天检测血清中白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）和肝脏中禽防御素-β1（AvBD1）的水平,并测试感染后14 d血清的杀菌能力。最后,评估混合益生菌制剂对O78血清型大肠杆菌AV006感染雏鸡的广谱保护力。结果表明,各益生菌发酵液上清的抑菌效果明显,益生菌混合后可降低XT-13对DF-1细胞的黏附率（P<0.05）;灌服混合益生菌制剂对雏鸡的增重效果优于单一益生菌,且对雏鸡感染XT-13后具有较好的保护效果,存活率达到87.50%;混合益生菌制剂可显著降低雏鸡肝脏和大肠的XT-13载菌量,减轻病理损伤,调节机体血清IL-10和IL-17以及肝脏中AvBD1的水平,并提高血清的杀菌能力;大肠杆菌AV006的保护性试验结果表明,混合益生菌制剂还可降低雏鸡感染O78型大肠杆菌的死亡率。综上,植物乳杆菌ZN-3、鼠李糖乳杆菌QC和丁酸梭菌HYCB的混合制剂可促进雏鸡增重、减少载菌量、降低组织病变程度并调节宿主的免疫反应,对禽大肠杆菌病有良好的防治作用,具有开发成为抗禽大肠杆菌病益生菌制剂的巨大潜力。 相似文献
19.
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of probiotics on chickens' resistance to Escherichia coli infections,and to provide a basis for the development of microecological agents.Based on the Oxford Cup test and the bacterial adhesion inhibition test,three kinds of probiotics and their equal proportion mixed bacterial liquid with good effect of inhibiting Escherichia coli in vitro were obtained initially:Lactobacillus plantarum ZN-3,Lactobacillus rhamnosus QC,Clostridium butyricum HYCB and mixed bacteria preparation X.The 7-day-old SPF chicks were continuously orally fed with probiotics for 30 days and infected with Escherichia coli XT-13 once a day from the 26th to 30th day,and the survival rate and weight change were recorded.Through the same oral and infection protocols,the chicks were necropsied after infection with XT-13,and the results of necropsy and pathology were analyzed,and the amount of bacteria in the liver and intestines was detected by immunohistochemistry.In addition,in order to analyze the effect of oral administration of mixed probiotic preparations on cytokines in chickens infected with Escherichia coli,non-lethal doses of XT-13 were selected to infect chickens,and the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10),interleukin-17 (IL-17) in serum and avian defensin-β1 (AvBD1) in the liver were measured on the 4th,8th and 14th days after infection.At the same time,the bactericidal ability of the serum was tested on the 14th day after infection.Finally,the broad-spectrum protection ability of probiotics to O78 serotype Escherichia coli AV006 infected chickens was evaluated.The results showed that the antibacterial effect of the supernatant of each probiotic fermentation broth was obvious,and the mixing of probiotics could reduce the adhesion rate of XT-13 to DF-1 cells (P<0.05).The weight gain effect of mixed probiotics was better than that of single probiotics,which had a good protective effect on chickens infected with XT-13.The survival rate was 87.50%.The mixed probiotics significantly reduced the load of XT-13 in liver and large intestine,alleviated the pathological damage,and regulated the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in serum and the levels of AvBD1 in the liver,while improving the bactericidal ability of the serum.In addition,the broad-spectrum protection test showed that the mixed probiotics reduced the mortality of chickens infected with O78 serotype Escherichia coli.Therefore,the mixed preparation of Lactobacillus plantarum ZN-3,Lactobacillus rhamnosus QC and Clostridium butyricum HYCB could promote chick weight gain,reduce bacterial load,reduce tissue lesions,regulate the host's immune response,and had a good prevention effect on avian colibacillosis,which had a great potential to develop into a probiotic preparation against avian colibacillosis. 相似文献
20.
旨在了解陕西省部分地区腹泻羊源致病性大肠杆菌(E. coli)耐药性及毒力基因携带情况,本研究从10个养殖场采集54份腹泻羊拭子样品,经分离纯化、生化鉴定及16S rRNA基因序列分析,共分离得到50株E. coli,对分离菌进行药敏试验、耐药基因及毒力基因检测。结果显示,分离菌对氨苄西林、氟苯尼考和磺胺异噁唑耐药率达90%以上,且98%(49/50)为多重耐药菌,对8~11种抗生素耐药的菌株占68%(34/50),仅对美罗培南敏感。所有菌株均携带1~6种不同的耐药基因,其中,Sul1(64%)、TetA(34%)、blaCTX-M(32%)携带率较高,未检测到blaSHV。有5株产ESBLs的E. coli携带mcr-1耐药基因。毒力基因检测结果显示,98%(49/50)的菌株携带毒力基因,其中,etrA检出率最高,为80%(40/50)。综上表明,陕西省羊源E. coli多重耐药情况严峻,β-内酰胺类耐药基因与耐药表型不符,提示可能存在其他耐药机制,同时,分离菌具有复杂的毒力谱。本研究为陕西省羊源致病性E. coli感染的防控提供科学依据。 相似文献