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近几年来，随着社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高，对肉类产品的要求越来越高．以及面临更加激烈的国际市场竞争形势，二是山区农村和部份城镇地区居民对传统方式生产的猪肉也有一定的消费市场。因此．如何适应市场要求，引导农民和养殖业主规范养殖行为，有必要对生猪“健康养殖”作进一步深讨。 相似文献
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生猪产业链纵向整合中的政府职能 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生猪价格波动是一个全球性的问题,价格波动既是生猪养殖业自身的特点之一,又与产业结构、市场结构和政府调控方式有重要关联,养殖模式和政府调控职能联系起来是非常必要的。目前,规模化养殖已占据了生猪产业模式的半壁江山,但规模化之后的生猪产业链面临着市场波动、疫病防控、环境污染、质量监督等重大问题。在此情况下,政府职能发生了哪些变化?如何管理不同的产业链整合模式?这些都成为生猪产业健康发展的重要问题。本文分析了生猪产业链整合的各种模式,并提出了政府宏观调控的政策建议。 相似文献
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腹泻是猪养殖过程中的常见疾病，且诱发腹泻的原因较多，不同因素导致的腹泻对染病猪的危害也存在明显差异，一些生猪染病后能够自行康复，但是一些猪染病后则会导致死亡。当前消费者以及市场对于猪肉食品的需求缺口越来越大，我国生猪养殖的规模和数量也在不断增加，在一些地区生猪养殖已经成为促进经济发展的重要举措，而疫病防控始终是生猪养殖的头等大事。在众多疾病中最为常见的就是腹泻类疾病，从腹泻产生的原因来看，其往往是多种原因共同作用而导致的，且腹泻既是一种疾病，又是一种临床表现方式。为了减轻腹泻疾病对生猪养殖的威胁，养殖人员要高度重视腹泻的防控策略，强化对于腹泻疾病的研究，探寻腹泻疾病的治疗方式，基于此，本文将从腹泻疾病产生的原因入手，对几种常见的腹泻原因展开探究，最终提出防控和治疗措施，希望能够让广大养殖人员充分地认识到关于腹泻疾病的防控和治疗方式，最终将腹泻疾病对生猪养殖的威胁降到最低。 相似文献
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文章通过对世界动物卫生组织（OIE）生猪疫病报告的整理，分析了近年来各国生猪疫情发生情况，并利用基础统计学方法描述各国生猪疫病暴发后猪肉市场价格以及进口量变动的规律。研究发现，对于暴发生猪疫病的国家来说，短期内该国猪肉消费数量下降，生猪养殖从业者恐慌性抛售，其国内市场猪价下跌，猪肉进口因国际国内市场生猪价差缩小而受到抑制。长期内生猪疫病发生国国内生猪产能大幅度缩减，猪肉供不应求从而引发猪价持续上涨，国际国内市场猪肉价差扩大刺激猪肉进口。 相似文献
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近几年来,随着社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高,对肉类产品的要求越来越高,以及面临更加激烈的国际市场竞争形势,二是山区农村和部份城镇地区居民对传统方式生产的猪肉也有一定的消费市场。因此,如何适应市场要求,引导农民和养殖业主规范养殖行为,有必要对生猪“健康养殖”作进一步深讨。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献