共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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为了确定三萜类物质含量高的家系,以来自小北湖的11个白桦家系为研究材料,采用高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)分析了白桦不同部位和家系中白桦酯醇、白桦酯酸和齐墩果酸这3种三萜类物质含量的变异情况。结果表明:白桦茎外皮和枝外皮中三萜类物质的种类和含量不同,茎外皮中三萜类物质的含量高于枝外皮,且从茎外皮中检测到的白桦酯酸在枝外皮中却未检测到。对株高和胸径这2个生长指标的分析结果表明,在所选生长较快的白桦家系中,家系2、3、5和10号的茎外皮中白桦三萜类物质的积累量较高,而家系2和5号的枝外皮中白桦三萜类物质的积累量较高。由此推知,植株的部位和家系对三萜类物质的种类和含量均有影响。 相似文献
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[目的]探究一氧化氮供体硝普钠(SNP)对白桦悬浮细胞中K~+、Ca~(2+)和白桦酯醇累积的影响及外源K~+、Ca~(2+)与SNP互作对白桦酯醇累积的影响。[方法]利用高效液相色谱法、原子吸收光谱法及比色法分别测定白桦酯醇、K~+及Ca~(2+)含量。[结果]SNP处理对白桦悬浮细胞中K~+、Ca~(2+)的累积存在浓度和时间效应,其中1 mmol·L-1SNP处理12 h时K~+含量最高,是对照组的1.47倍,而Ca~(2+)含量在5 mmol·L-1SNP处理96 h时最高,是对照组的1.50倍。1 mmol·L-1SNP与不同浓度KCl共同处理后,白桦酯醇含量高于单独SNP与KCl处理,其中,SNP与0.1 g·L-1KCl共同处理时,白桦酯醇的积累量最大,是单独SNP处理1.72倍,是单独KCl处理2.33倍。1 mmol·L-1SNP与不同浓度Ca Cl2互作处理后,白桦酯醇含量高于单独SNP与Ca Cl2处理,其中,SNP与0.1 g·L-1Ca Cl2共同处理时,白桦酯醇的积累量最大,是单独SNP处理2.75倍,是单独Ca Cl2处理2.18倍。[结论]SNP处理诱导了白桦悬浮细胞中K~+和Ca~(2+)的合成和白桦酯醇的累积,SNP分别与K~+或Ca~(2+)互作可以更好的促进白桦悬浮细胞中白桦酯醇的累积,同时推测SNP诱导的K~+、Ca~(2+)在一定程度上介导了白桦酯醇的累积。 相似文献
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高效液相色谱法测定白桦树皮中白桦酯醇的含量 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
为了提取白桦三萜炎物质，建立了高效液相色谱法测定白桦(Betula platyphylla Suk．)树皮中白桦酯醇含量的方法、色谱柱为ODS C18；流动相为甲醇：水(88：12)，紫外检测波长为210nm，柱温30℃；柱压6．4MPa，流速1mL／min，白桦酯醇的线性范围为15．0～300．0μg，平均回收率为93.93％。对同一样品重复测定5次，相对标准偏差为0．36％，与比色法和气相色谱法相比，本法更准确、简便。 相似文献
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以产白桦酯醇的白桦悬浮细胞系为试材,利用药理学试验,结合高效液相色谱和荧光显微镜技术,探讨过氧化氢(H2O2)在拟茎点霉属真菌诱导子促进白桦酯醇积累中的作用.结果表明:外源H2O2降低了细胞的活力和干质量的积累量,却提高了白桦酯醇的含量.其中,1 mmol· L-1H2O2处理12 h,白桦酯醇的含量比对照增加89.45％,0.1 mmol·L-1H2O2处理24 h,白桦酯醇的含量比对照增加73.72％.真菌诱导子促进了白桦悬浮细胞中H2O2和白桦酯醇的生成,在处理24 h时,分别比对照增加391.67％和185.22％.H2O2的清除剂过氧化氢酶减弱真菌诱导子对H2O2和白桦酯醇的诱导效应.由上述结果初步推断,H2O2参与了真菌诱导子诱导白桦酯醇积累的过程. 相似文献
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《林业科技情报》2016,(2)
白桦作为重要的制浆造纸树种,研究其不同种源纤维素和木质素含量的变异在纸浆材造林选择上具有十分重要的意义。本研究选择帽儿山地区实验林内17个白桦种源10a生试材,通过测定其纤维素和木质素的含量,结合方差分析和多重比较,研究其纤维素和木质素的种源差异,得出结论如下:白桦17个种源10年生试材纤维素含量的变异幅度在39.92%~51.14%,平均值是45.53%,其中绰儿种源10年生纤维素含量最高,为51.14%,青海种源最小,为39.92%;白桦17个种源10年生试材木质素含量的变异幅度在12.99%~28.67%,平均值是21.73%,其中辉南种源10年生木质素含量最高,为28.67%,新疆种源最小,为12.99%。方差分析结果显示白桦纤维素含量、木质素含量的差异在种源间达到极显著水平。多重比较的结果显示,在选择高纤维素用材时,首选绰儿种源,其次为东方红种源,清源种源;在选择高木质素用材时,首选辉南种源,其次为清源种源,乌伊岭种源。 相似文献
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以白桦Betula platyplylla当年生播种苗为对象,采用L25(5~6)正交试验设计方法,进行了氮(N-尿素;1.965、1.310、0.764、0.655、0.382 g/株)、磷(P-过磷酸钙;0.847、0.564、0.329、0.282、0.164 g/株)、钾(K-硫酸钾;2.281、1.520、0.887、0.760、0.443 g/株)25种配比的养分添加试验。在生长季(8月上旬),在完全展开叶的不同区域(叶尖、叶中、叶基)测得叶片的气孔密度(SD)和净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s),评价白桦叶片不同区域SD和各项气体交换特征对不同养分配比的响应,并分析二者间关系。结果表明:1)白桦叶片的叶尖各项气体交换特征参数虽然明显大于叶中和叶基,但叶片不同区域SD相差不大;2)养分添加对叶片各区域的P_n和G_s均存在显著影响(P<0.05),并对叶中的SD影响显著(P=0.042);3)N、P以及N、P和K的交互作用(NP、NK、PK、NPK)对叶片各区域的P_n均有显著影响(P<0.05),尤以N处理对P_n影响较大;4)除白桦叶基的T_r受P处理影响显著外(P=0.048),其它各种处理对叶片T_r影响均不显著;5)N、P、K处理对叶片各区域G_s影响均不显著,但N、P和K的交互作用(NP、PK)对叶片各区域G_s影响显著(P<0.05);6)虽然N、P和K的交互作用(NP、NK、PK)对叶片各区域SD影响均不显著(P>0.05),但P、K、NPK处理对叶中SD影响均显著(P<0.05);7)白桦叶片各区域P_n与G_s间均呈极显著正相关关系,而SD与前述各项指标间却均呈不显著相关关系,表明白桦叶片不同区域气体交换特征存在差异可能是由于气孔密度以外的因素引起的;8)上述结果也说明进行叶片气体交换特征研究时应考虑同一叶片不同部位间的差异。 相似文献
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白桦树皮中桦木醇超临界二氧化碳萃取的研究(英文) 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
桦木醇,一种药用五环三萜成分,大量存在于白桦(Betulaplatyphlly)树皮中。白桦树皮于2000年9月采集自黑龙江省塔源林场。超临界流体萃取技术(SFE)是一种新型分离技术,广泛用于药物和天然产物生产。本文研究了利用超临界CO2萃取技术从白桦皮中提取桦木醇的工艺条件,系统分析了携带剂用量、萃取压力和萃取温度等参数对桦木醇提取率的影响。结果表明,最佳的萃取条件为:每克桦树皮粉所用携带剂用量为1.5mL,萃取压力为20Mpa,萃取温度为55C,CO2流量为10kg/h,分离压力和分离温度分别为5.5Mpa和50C。图4参6。 相似文献
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ZHANGYu-hong YUTao WANGYang 《林业研究》2003,14(3):202-204
Betulin, which is a medicinal pentacyclic triterpene, is abundant in the bark of white birch (Betula platyphlly). The bark of birch was collected at Tayuan Forest Farm of Jiagedaqi, Heilongjiang Province in September 2000. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that is a new separation technology has been used for the processing pharmaceutical and natural products. In this paper, the extraction of betulin from the bark of birch by supercritical CO2 extraction was studied. The authors investigated and analyzed a few parameters such as modifier dosage, extraction pressure and extraction temperature. The optimal extraction conditions showed that the modifier dosage used for per gram bark powder was 1.5 mL, the extraction pressure was at 20 Mpa, and the extraction temperature was at 55 ℃. The velocity of flow of liquid CO2 was at 10 kg/h. The pressure and temperature in separation vessel were at 5.5 Mpa and 50 ℃, respectively. 相似文献
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银杏树中黄酮类化合物分布规律研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用醇提法对银杏树不同部位黄酮类化合物进行提取,并利用紫外分光光度法对银杏树中黄酮类化合物含量进行了测定,对其分布规律进行了分析研究.结果表明银杏树中黄酮类化合物分布分别为:枝桠材中含0.035mg/g左右,主干材中含0.018mg/g左右,根材中含0.014mg/g左右;枝桠皮中含0.41mg/g左右,主干皮中含0.26mg/g左右,根皮中含0.12mg/g左右,苗木中含0.12mg/g左右.测定结果表明,不同部位的木材的黄酮类化合物含量有差异,从根部到枝桠再到叶,黄酮类化合物含量在增大. 相似文献
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Ulrika A. Bergvall Michelle Co Roger Bergström Per J. R. Sjöberg Monica Waldebäck Charlotta Turner 《European Journal of Forest Research》2013,132(5-6):717-725
A major problem within forest industry is unwanted browsing on seedlings from mammalian herbivores. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of birch bark extracts as repellents towards fallow deer. Birch bark was extracted in a conventional way with ethanol as solvent at ambient temperature and with a new method, liquid CO2 extraction. An analysis of the ethanol-extracted birch bark showed that it contained large amounts of terpenoids, of which the most abundant was betulin. In seven different treatment trials, we used 15 individually handled fallow deer. To investigate the binary taste preferences, birch bark extract was added to food and presented in two bowls in typical two-choice tests. We found that the amount of a food type consumed during a trial and the number of shifts between food bowls were dependent on the amount of the birch extract the food contained. Concentrations of above 1 % by dry weight of birch extract acted as a repellent. In addition, such concentrations produced shorter feeding bouts by a greater willingness to change bowls. Therefore, our conclusion is that birch bark extract acts as a repellent towards fallow deer and is therefore likely to act as a repellent against other deer species. In addition, we show that birch bark extract produced by the new and more environmentally sustainable method employing liquid CO2 mixed with ethanol has the same repellent effect as the traditional ethanol extraction. 相似文献
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Plant growth regulation effects of triterpenoid saponins 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To investigate structure–activity relations between the sugar chain structures of triterpenoid saponins and their plant growth
regulation effects, several monodesmosidic saponins with betulin as an aglycon were synthesized by chemical and enzymic reactions.
Three triterpenoids (betulin, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid) and synthesized betulin glycosides were submitted to germination
and growth regulation tests on alfalfa seeds. We concluded the following. Betulin had a slight growth inhibitory effect on
alfalfa radicles. Betulin glycosides exhibited stronger effects than betulin, and betulin glycosides with two to four glucose
residues as a sugar moiety had the greatest inhibitory activity. These characteristics of growth inhibitory effects were considerably
different from those of phenolic compounds so far reported. Some betulin glycosides also showed a significant growth regulation
effect on alfalfa hypocotyls. However, hypocotyl growth was less affected than radicle growth for all betulin glycosides.
Among the triterpenoids, betulinic acid had stronger growth inhibitory effects on alfalfa radicles than betulin, suggesting
the importance of the carboxyl group at the C-28 position for the inhibitory effects of lupane-type triterpenoids. On the
other hand, no germination regulation effects on alfalfa seeds were observed for any of the betulin glycosides or triterpenoids
examined.
Received: October 9, 2001 / Accepted: February 15, 2002
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by a research grant (Development of Highly Functional Materials by Structural Modification
of Carbohydrates) from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan. We thank Saori Kudo for her assistance
in isolating compounds by chromatography.
Correspondence to:S. Ohara 相似文献
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Hadi Manghabati Wendelin Weis Axel Göttlein 《European Journal of Forest Research》2018,137(5):631-642
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for forest growth. In this study, we assessed the impact of soil extractable phosphorus using two simple extraction methods on nutrition and productivity of Norway spruce in sixteen mature forest stands on different bedrocks and soils in Bavaria, Southern Germany. Representative trees were sampled for needles, twigs, branches, stem bark, and stem wood. Total phosphorus content in the tree parts and soil phosphorus stock extractable with citric acid and sodium bicarbonate up to a soil depth of 80 cm were determined. We found that easily soil extractable phosphorus is a suitable indicator for estimating phosphorus uptake and stand productivity in Norway spruce. In contrast, organic layer phosphorus showed no significant correlation with aboveground biomass phosphorus contents. In the biomass, the highest phosphorus contents were measured in young needles and twigs, but the highest correlation with soil phosphorus was detected for phosphorus contents in needles and bark. The stock of phosphorus extracted by citric acid down to 40 cm soil depth revealed the best correlation with phosphorus in needles and bark. Therefore, as a supplemental or alternative method to needle analysis, our study suggests the use of phosphorus contents in stem bark to evaluate tree phosphorus nutrition. These results highlight the suitability of the citric acid soil extraction method to characterize plant available phosphorus in Norway spruce ecosystems. 相似文献
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为了选育食用、油用及药用价值较高的白木通品种,对8个不同地理种源白木通的果实经济性状、果肉营养成分、藤条药用成分、种子含油率及脂肪酸组成相关指标进行了方差分析和多重比较。结果表明:(1)种源间的果实性状中各指标均存在显著性差异。安徽省宁国县军天湖乡天湖街道种源的可食率较高,超过30%,单果质量和果肉质量均最大,分别为276.64 g和84.82 g,显著高于其它7个地理种源,具有较高的食用价值。(2)种源间种子含油率及脂肪酸组成除不饱和脂肪酸外均存在显著性差异。安徽省宁国县军天湖乡天湖街道种源的含油率最高,为47.09%,不饱和脂肪酸的含量也较高,为72.61%,具有较高的油用价值。(3)种源间果肉营养成分性状存在显著性差异。江西省九江市东林寺东林村种源的总糖和还原糖含量最高,分别为32.35%和16.31%,显著高于其它7个地理种源,总酸及维生素C含量中等,果肉营养价值较高。(4)种源间藤条药用成分存在显著性差异。重庆市武隆县仙女乡白果村种源的齐墩果酸B含量最高,达到0.6%,显著高于其它7个地理种源,且其藤条的总药用成分含量最高,具有较高的药用价值。 相似文献
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为给贵阳地区棕榈人工造林的优良种源选择提供参考,以贵州省内遵义、毕节等18个市(县)的棕榈种子为试验材料,采用大田育苗的方法进行培育。对不同种源2年生棕榈苗的地上部分和地下部分的生长指标进行观测,并采用聚类分析法对棕榈种源进行类别划分,对其与种源地地理位置的相关性进行分析,采用主成分分析法对18个种源棕榈苗的生长性状进行综合评价。结果表明:不同种源2年生棕榈苗的高、地径、总根长、主根长、总根表面积、总根体积、根尖数及总生物量等指标均有显著差异(P<0.05),各指标的变幅分别为28.78~51.09cm、8.40~21.93mm、37.41~85.02cm、14.73~41.20cm、127.13~362.82cm2、5.52~19.55cm3、902~1536、4.64~12.32g。聚类分析结果表明,18个种源可分为2大类,其中罗甸、兴义、毕节为苗期生长性状表现较好的一类。相关性分析结果表明,原产地是低纬度和湿润地区的棕榈苗在试验区生长表现较好。主成分分析及综合得分排序的前3名分别为罗甸、兴义、毕节种源,与聚类分析结果一致。初步评价出罗甸、兴义和毕节种源为贵阳地区首选的棕榈种源。 相似文献