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均匀设计法优化桦木醇的超临界二氧化碳萃取工艺 总被引：1，自引：5，他引：1
利用均匀设计法优化了超临界CO2萃取(SCDE)桦树皮中桦木醇的工艺.采用均匀设计法考察了萃取温度、萃取压力、萃取时间对桦木醇收率的影响,并用高效液相色谱法测定了萃取物中桦木醇的含量.试验结果表明,在萃取温度 32 ℃、萃取压力 8 MPa、萃取时间 1 h、CO2流量为 20 kg/h 的条件下,SCDE的桦木醇得率为 16.96%,萃取物中桦木醇含量达到 74.88%.与其他提取方法相比,SCDE法尽管得率略低,但选择性好且无环境污染,具有一定的应用前景. 相似文献
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黄檗中小檗碱的超临界二氧化碳萃取工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用超临界CO2萃取的方法,研究了黄檗树皮中小檗碱的萃取工艺。探讨了各种影响因素对黄檗中小檗碱萃取率的影响,通过正交试验设计验证并确定了超临界CO2萃取的最佳工艺:萃取压力25MPa,萃取温度50℃,萃取时间60min,夹带剂乙醇体积分数95%。在此条件下,小檗碱提取率为67.56%(得率0.5837%)。 相似文献
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超临界二氧化碳萃取杜仲果实中桃叶珊瑚苷工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
采用超临界CO2流体萃取技术选择适合的夹带剂,进行了从杜仲果实中提取桃叶珊瑚苷的工艺研究.运用L16(45)正交表,较系统地探讨了各因素对提取效果的影响,提取液以Epstahl试剂显色用分光光度法进行分析.研究表明:与传统的溶剂提取法相比,超临界CO2萃取法具有操作简单、活性成分保存好、后续分离易于进行等特点;在萃取中以75 %的乙醇为夹带剂,当萃取压力26 MPa、萃取温度55 ℃、分离温度30 ℃、萃取时间120 min、夹带剂用量与原料比6∶1(mL∶g)的条件下,效果最佳,桃叶珊蝴苷得率1.921 %. 相似文献
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介绍了超临界CO2萃取技术应用于沙棘果渣中叶黄素提取的优点,具体的提取工艺参数和操作要点.兵通过正交试验确定了四项影响因素对提取结果影响从大到小的顺序为夹带剂添加量＞萃取温度＞萃取压力＞分离压力,最后确定了超临界萃取技术提取叶黄素的较优工艺条件. 相似文献
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迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取技术研究(Ⅲ)——超临界CO2萃取法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
超临界CO2萃取(SCDE)法是迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取的有效方法之一.迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油超临界CO2萃取的优选条件为:萃取时间 4 h,夹带剂 95% 乙醇与迷迭香叶子的质量比为2∶5,萃取罐和分离器I的温度分别为50和 70 ℃,分离器II的温度为 40 ℃,萃取压力 20 MPa,分离压力为4～5 MPa.迷迭香精油的平均得率为 1.80%,迷迭香精油主要含有1,8 - 桉叶素、樟脑、α - 松油醇、龙脑、马鞭草烯酮、 4 - 松油醇、乙酸龙脑酯和芳樟醇等成分.迷迭香抗氧化剂的平均得率为 11.93%,主要含有鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚和迷迭香酸等活性成分,其质量分数分别为 23.61%、 7.33% 和 5.13%. 相似文献
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本研究从白桦树皮中提取了桦木醇.采用混合溶剂法对提取的桦木醇进行了分离纯化,运用紫外分光光度法(UV)对纯化效果进行了比较分析;利用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对纯化样品进行了结构表征;利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)对纯化样品进行了定量测定.结果表明从白桦树皮中提取桦木醇粗品的得率为34.52%;混合溶剂四氢呋喃-苯是纯化桦木醇的优良试剂,其体积比为12,桦木醇与混合溶剂比为130(gmL),纯化桦木醇得率为31.19%,纯度为94.53%.纯化后桦木醇的熔点为248.9～251.3℃,与文献值一致,FT-IR谱图与标准品基本一致.与以往的分离纯化方法相比,四氢呋喃-苯混合溶剂法是一种简便、高效的分离纯化桦木醇的方法. 相似文献
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超临界二氧化碳萃取茵陈蒿黄酮类化合物的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对超临界二氧化碳萃取(SCDE)技术从茵陈蒿中提取黄酮类化合物进行了研究。运用L16(45)正交表比较系统地研究了萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量、萃取时间以及夹带剂用量对萃取效果的影响,并重点探讨了夹带剂种类和pH值对黄酮类化合物提取率的影响,提取液以NaNO2-A l(NO3)3-NaOH显色用分光光度法测定含量。研究表明:与溶剂提取法相比,SCDE法具有操作简单,提取率高,后续分离易于进行、品质较高等特点;100 g原料,当pH值为9~10的70%乙醇做夹带剂,用量600 mL、萃取压力30 MPa、萃取温度55℃,CO2流量20 L/h、萃取时间150 m in时,茵陈蒿总黄酮的提取率最高,为3.875%。 相似文献
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ZHANGYu-hong YUTao WANGYang 《林业研究》2003,14(3):202-204
Betulin, which is a medicinal pentacyclic triterpene, is abundant in the bark of white birch (Betula platyphlly). The bark of birch was collected at Tayuan Forest Farm of Jiagedaqi, Heilongjiang Province in September 2000. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that is a new separation technology has been used for the processing pharmaceutical and natural products. In this paper, the extraction of betulin from the bark of birch by supercritical CO2 extraction was studied. The authors investigated and analyzed a few parameters such as modifier dosage, extraction pressure and extraction temperature. The optimal extraction conditions showed that the modifier dosage used for per gram bark powder was 1.5 mL, the extraction pressure was at 20 Mpa, and the extraction temperature was at 55 ℃. The velocity of flow of liquid CO2 was at 10 kg/h. The pressure and temperature in separation vessel were at 5.5 Mpa and 50 ℃, respectively. 相似文献
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Supercritical CO(2) fluid extraction (SFE-CO(2)) was used to extract the sapogenins after acid hydrolysis from Smilax china tubers. The influence of extraction variables, such as modifier, pressure, temperature and extraction time, were studied. SFE-CO(2) was found to produce higher yield than conventional solvent extraction. The highest yield (0.454%) of sapogenins, mostly containing diosgenin, was obtained using 35 MPa pressure, 65 degrees C and 95% EtOH as a modifier for 180 min, higher than that obtained with conventional extraction methods (0.385%). 相似文献
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Ulrika A. Bergvall Michelle Co Roger Bergström Per J. R. Sjöberg Monica Waldebäck Charlotta Turner 《European Journal of Forest Research》2013,132(5-6):717-725
A major problem within forest industry is unwanted browsing on seedlings from mammalian herbivores. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of birch bark extracts as repellents towards fallow deer. Birch bark was extracted in a conventional way with ethanol as solvent at ambient temperature and with a new method, liquid CO2 extraction. An analysis of the ethanol-extracted birch bark showed that it contained large amounts of terpenoids, of which the most abundant was betulin. In seven different treatment trials, we used 15 individually handled fallow deer. To investigate the binary taste preferences, birch bark extract was added to food and presented in two bowls in typical two-choice tests. We found that the amount of a food type consumed during a trial and the number of shifts between food bowls were dependent on the amount of the birch extract the food contained. Concentrations of above 1 % by dry weight of birch extract acted as a repellent. In addition, such concentrations produced shorter feeding bouts by a greater willingness to change bowls. Therefore, our conclusion is that birch bark extract acts as a repellent towards fallow deer and is therefore likely to act as a repellent against other deer species. In addition, we show that birch bark extract produced by the new and more environmentally sustainable method employing liquid CO2 mixed with ethanol has the same repellent effect as the traditional ethanol extraction. 相似文献
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Comparison of the photosynthetic capacity of Siberian and Japanese birch seedlings grown in elevated CO(2) and temperature 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The effects of increased CO(2) and temperature on the photosynthetic capacity of Siberian white birch and Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla Sukatch. and B. platyphylla Sukatch. var. japonica Hara) were measured. Birch seedlings were raised with a CO(2) partial pressure of 36 +/- 0.3 Pa (i.e., ambient) or 70 +/- 0.6 Pa at day/night temperatures of either 30/16 degrees C or 26/12 degrees C. Siberian birch leaves were smaller and thicker than Japanese birch leaves. Water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of Siberian birch grown in the CO(2)-enriched air were higher than those of Japanese birch. Both species showed a physiological adjustment to the growth CO(2) partial pressure. Carboxylation efficiency and quantum yield of both species grown in CO(2)-enriched air were lower than those of seedlings grown in ambient CO(2). The adaptation of Siberian and Japanese birch to elevated CO(2) and temperature are discussed in relation to predicted climate change. 相似文献
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超临界C02萃取沙棘果渣中β--胡萝卜素的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用超临界CO2流体萃取沙棘果渣得到橘红色提取物，经试验确定了超临界CO2流体萃取沙棘果渣的最佳工艺条件。讨论了萃取压力，萃取温度，分离压力，分离温度，CO2流量，时间等对沙棘果渣有效成分提取的影响，并对沙棘果渣提取物性质做了初步试验。 相似文献
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通过松树皮原花青素的超声提取、膜分离纯化技术中试试验,考察了超声波提取温度、料液比、提取时间等单因素对原花青素得率的影响,试验得到了超滤膜工作压力、截留分子量的最佳工艺参数。结果表明,采用超声波强化逆流提取松树皮原花青素的最佳参数为：料液比1：12,超声温度60℃,提取时间30min;超滤膜分离纯化工艺参数为：膜工作压力0．2MPa,截留分子量5000。试验获得的松树皮原花青素经检测含量可达95％以上。 相似文献
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白桦不同部位及种源间白桦酯醇含量的差异分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以白桦为研究材料,在白桦酯醇提取方法的选择下,采用高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)分析了白桦不同部位和种源间白桦酯醇含量的变化。结果表明:索氏提取和超声波醇提的白桦酯醇含量较高,分别为240.25和239.57 mg/g,而回流法和氯仿浸提的白桦酯醇含量稍低,为207.88和194.09 mg/g。白桦酯醇在白桦不同部位的含量分布差异显著,依次分别为:外皮>枝皮>内皮>芽>叶>根>花粉;13种8年生白桦种源树皮内白桦酯醇的含量为132.45~257.11 mg/g,且种源间差异呈极显著水平。进一步分析可得,同龄树种的生长状况对白桦酯醇的含量影响不显著;而白桦酯醇的含量不仅受自身种源及遗传背景的影响,同时也受到其所处地理位置和气候因素的影响,即属于基因与环境互作的表现性状。 相似文献
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超临界 CO2 萃取落叶松木材挥发油的工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用超临界CO2萃取技术萃取落叶松木材挥发油,以得率为考察指标,研究了萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量和萃取时间对得率的影响.确定了超临界CO2萃取落叶松木材挥发油的最佳工艺参数:萃取压力35MPa,萃取温度60℃,CO2流量10kg/h,萃取时间2h,在此条件下挥发油得率可达0.57%. 相似文献
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研究了超临界CO2流体萃取柑橘皮精油的工艺条件并对其化学成分进行了分析。考察了在超临界CO2条件下,萃取时间、萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量和分离温度等因素对精油得率的影响,并通过正交试验优化得到最佳工艺条件,用GC-MS法测定柑橘皮精油的化学组成。结果显示最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度40℃,萃取压力20 MPa,分离温度50℃,萃取时间60 min,CO2流量25 kg/h。在此条件下,精油得率为0.86%。GC-MS测定结果显示柑橘皮精油主要由5,5’-二甲氧基-3,3’-二甲基-2,2’-联二萘-1,1’,4,4’-四酮组成(35.54%),其次还含β-羟基-甲基炔诺酮-甲基肟(24.60%)。 相似文献