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能量和蛋白质对公猪精液品质和血液指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选初始体重相近的1～3岁的大约克公猪18头,随机分为6组,分别饲喂6种日粮,日粮设12.97和13.81MJ/kg两个消化能(DE)水平,13%、15%和17%的3个粗蛋白质(CP)水平,其它营养水平基本一致,考察了西南地区高温环境下DE和CP对公猪精液品质和血液指标的影响。结果表明:DE对采精量、精子密度、精子总数、精子畸形率和精子活率无显著影响(P>0.05);提高CP水平能显著增加采精量;在精子密度上,15%CP显著好于13%和17%(P<0.05);在精子总数上,15%CP显著好于13%(P<0.05),而与17%差异不显著(P>0.05);CP水平对精子活率和精子畸形率无显著影响(P>0.05)。DE和CP对精子密度和精子总数有显著的互作效应。提高能量水平显著提高了公猪血液中BUN、GLU水平(P<0.05),而对T3、T4、TP无显著影响(P>0.05);提高蛋白质水平能显著提高公猪血液中T4、BUN和GLU水平(P<0.05),而对T3、TP无显著影响(P>0.05);能量和蛋白互作对GLU、T4和BUN的效果显著(P<0.05),而对T3和TP影响不显著(P>0.05)。结果认为,对100～300kg的公猪,每天采食含DE12.97MJ/kg、CP15%的配合饲料2.8kg较适宜(即每天采食DE36.32MJ、CP420g或赖氨酸24g)。 相似文献
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旨在评价酵母培养物(YC)对公猪生产性能的影响。将90头体重约为80kg的公猪随机分为3组,即对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组;对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组基础日粮中分别添加5kg/t和7kg/t的酵母培养物,预试期5d,正试期45d,试验期间,3组饲养管理条件一致;试验结束时,评定各组公猪精液的颜色、气味,测定并比较各组公猪的精液量、精液pH值、精子活力、精子密度、精子畸形率、抗力指数。结果表明,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组公猪的精液颜色和精液气味与对照组相比没有明显差异;3组公猪的精子抗力指数一致;试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的精液量、精子活力、精子密度均显著大于对照组(P<0.05),精子畸形率均显著小于对照组(P<0.05),但这4项指标在2个试验组之间差异均不显著(P>0.05);3组公猪的精液pH值差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上提示,基础日粮中添加一定量的酵母培养物能够提高公猪部分生产性能指标。 相似文献
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为了研究品种不同的种公猪的精液品质之间存在的差异,本试验通过对长白、大白、杜洛克等3个品种的成年种公猪的精液品质进行统计学方法分析和比较。结果显示:长白公猪的精子活率最好(75.03%),然后依次是大白(71.62%)、杜洛克(70.36%),长白与大白及杜洛克之间差异显著(P<0.05),但大白与杜洛克之间差异不显著(P>0.05);长白种公猪的精液量(337.60mL)与大白(380.00mL)之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但均与杜洛克(251.74mL)之间差异显著(P<0.05)。三个品种精子活率由高到低依次为长白、大白、杜洛克;平均精液量大小依次为大白、长白、杜洛克,综合评价,长白猪的精液品质最好。 相似文献
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本文旨在比较扬翔华系杜洛克专门化品系与培育所用素材丹系和美系杜洛克在公猪精子形态和精液品质上的差异,为公猪选育和饲养管理提供参考。试验选取广西扬翔股份公猪站存栏杜洛克3个品系共64头公猪,其中丹系公猪26头,美系公猪30头,扬翔华系杜洛克专门化品系公猪8头。公猪按常规方法采集精液,并利用计算机辅助精液分析系统对精液进行分析。结果表明:在精子密度、活率、正常形态以及总精子数方面,扬翔华系杜洛克专门化品系的杜洛克公猪精液均显著高于美系和丹系的公猪精液(P<0.05);在精子直线运动方面,扬翔华系杜洛克专门化品系与丹系的公猪精液显著高于美系公猪精液(P<0.05),而前两者之间差异不显著(P>0.05);在精子弯尾、卷尾、近端质滴及中端折断方面,扬翔华系杜洛克专门化品系公猪精液均显著低于其他两个品系的公猪精液(P<0.05);在正常精子形状方面,3种品系杜洛克公猪仅在精子头部宽度和面积上存在显著的差异(P<0.05),在其他参数方面均不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。经综合评定,扬翔华系杜洛克专门化品系公猪的精液品质总体表现最佳,美系公猪精液品质次之,而丹系公猪精液品质相对较差,本研究为引进优良公猪及品系的培育提供了一定的参考作用。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究喷浆玉米皮对肉兔生长性能、养分表观消化率及肉品质的影响。试验选取39日龄伊拉幼兔300只,公母各占1/2,根据体重和性别随机分为5组(对照组及Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组),分别饲喂含不同比例喷浆玉米皮(0、6%、12%、18%和24%)的试验饲粮,每组60个重复,每个重复1只兔。预试期5 d,正试期50 d。结果表明:1)Ⅲ、Ⅳ组末重和平均日增重显著低于对照组及Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05);对照组及Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间末重和平均日增重差异不显著(P>0.05),Ⅲ组的料重比显著高于对照组及Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅳ组料重比显著高于对照组及Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05),对照组及Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,添加喷浆玉米皮试验兔干物质表观消化率逐渐降低,以Ⅳ组最低,显著低于对照组及其他试验组(P<0.05),其他试验组与对照组间差异不显著(P>0.05),但高于Ⅳ组;各试验组粗蛋白质表观消化率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),各试验组间差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅳ组中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其他试验组与对照组间差异不显著(P>0.05);各试验组与对照组间粗灰分表观消化率、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)对照组及Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间宰前重和胴体重差异不显著(P>0.05),但与Ⅲ、Ⅳ组差异显著(P<0.05),Ⅰ组半净膛屠宰率显著低于其他组(P<0.05),其他试验组与对照组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑本试验所测指标,肉兔饲粮中适宜的喷浆玉米皮添加比例为6%~12%。 相似文献
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低蛋白质饲粮中添加蛋氨酸对育成期蓝狐生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中添加蛋氨酸对育成期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质消化代谢的影响。选用平均体重为(2.21±0.60)kg的9周龄健康雄性蓝狐105只,随机分为7组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。6个试验组分别饲喂在蛋白质水平为30%的基础饲粮(低蛋白质饲粮)中添加0(Ⅰ组)、0.2%(Ⅱ组)、0.4%(Ⅲ组)、0.6%(Ⅳ组)、0.8%(Ⅴ组)和1.0%(Ⅵ组)蛋氨酸的试验试粮。对照组(Ⅶ组)饲喂蛋白质水平为32%的基础饲粮(适宜蛋白质饲粮)。预试期7 d,正试期45 d。结果表明:Ⅴ组与Ⅵ组的末重(第45天体重)极显著高于其他试验组(P<0.01),并与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。第16~30天的平均日增重,Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),并与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);第31~45天的平均日增重,Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组极显著高于其他试验组(P<0.01),且Ⅴ组还显著高于Ⅵ组和对照组(P<0.05)。Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组的干物质排出量极显著低于其他试验组(P<0.01),并与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅴ组的干物质消化率显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),并与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组的蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),并与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅰ组的脂肪消化率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),其他各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组的胱氨酸排出量极显著低于Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和对照组(P<0.01);Ⅵ组的胱氨酸消化率极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),对照组的胱氨酸消化率与Ⅴ组无显著差异(P>0.05);随着蛋氨酸添加水平的提高,蓝狐的蛋氨酸消化率相应增高,Ⅵ组显著或极显著高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅴ组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅳ组的总氮排出量显著低于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),其他各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);Ⅴ组的氮沉积极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),其他各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);Ⅰ组的净蛋白质利用率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),其他各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。综合本试验的各项测定指标,在蛋白质水平为30%的低蛋白质饲粮中添加0.8%的蛋氨酸即饲粮中蛋氨酸水平为1.14%时能够满足育成期蓝狐对蛋氨酸的需要量,此时蓝狐的生长性能、蛋白质消化率和氮沉积较为理想。 相似文献
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酵母锌对种公猪繁殖及精清激素参数的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杜洛克公猪9头随机分为3组,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计。在不同的试验阶段分别饲喂酵母锌含量为0.00(对照组)、80.00(试验组Ⅰ)和115.00 mg/kg(试验组Ⅱ)的日粮,研究在炎热夏季不同含量的酵母锌对杜洛克公猪的体重、精液品质、精清激素含量等的影响。结果:与对照组和试验组Ⅱ相比,试验组Ⅰ可以显著提高精子活率、有效精子数(P<0.05)、显著降低精子畸形率(P<0.05),显著提高精清中促卵泡激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)的浓度以及血清中T的浓度(P<0.05);血锌的浓度随着日粮酵母锌含量的升高而渐进式地升高;添加酵母锌对种公猪体重无显著影响。表明日粮添加酵母锌对公猪繁殖有积极作用。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献