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1.
试验Ⅰ用初次待配种的伊拉母兔70只,分为7组,每组10个重复,单笼饲养;试验Ⅱ用35 d断奶的仔兔280只,分为7组,每组40只,每组10个重复,每笼4只,在其他条件与NRC标准一致情况下研究赖氨酸(妊娠期0.65%、0.75%和0.85%,哺乳期0.78%、0.88%和0.98%,生长期0.68%、0.78%和0.88%)、蛋+胱氨酸(0.60%、0.70%和0.80%)和苏氨酸(0.60%、0.70%和0.80%)水平对种兔和生长兔生产性能的影响。饲粮用玉米、豆粕、苜蓿粉、花生草粉等配制成颗粒饲料。结果表明:日粮赖氨酸水平对母兔产仔数、育成数、育成率、初生重和断奶重影响不显著(P>0.05),但哺乳期0.75%赖氨酸水平仔兔日增重显著高于0.85%水平(P<0.05),而与0.65%水平差异不显著(P>0.05);日粮蛋+胱氨酸和苏氨酸水平对种兔产仔数、育成数、育成率、初生重、断奶重和仔兔日增重均没有显著影响(P>0.05);在生长仔兔增重上,赖氨酸0.88%水平显著高于0.78%水平(P<0.05),极显著高于0.68%水平(P<0.01),蛋+胱氨酸0.6%水平极显著高于0.8%水平(P<0.01);在生长仔兔料重比上,赖氨酸0.88%水平显著低于0.78%和0.68%水平(P<0.05),蛋+胱氨酸0.6%水平显著低于0.7%和0.8%水平(P<0.05)。由此可见,在其他条件与NRC标准相近的情况下种兔妊娠期赖氨酸水平为日粮的0.65%,哺乳期为0.78%,生长仔兔为0.88%,蛋+胱氨酸和苏氨酸均以不高于日粮0.60%较适宜。 相似文献
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将162头经产母猪按品种、胎次随机分为3组，即试验（GW）组，试验（ZD）组和对照（DZ）组。3组在妊娠期和哺乳期日粮中采用不同的粗蛋白质和赖氨酸水平组合，GW组为13．16％、0．58％和16．64％、0．84％；ZD组为14．52％、0．66％和15．45％、0．73％；DZ组为13．84％、0．62％和16．61％、0．83％，其他主要营养指标基本相同。结果表明，随着妊娠期日粮中粗蛋白质和赖氨酸的提高，仔猪初生重随之提高，但对产仔数无影响；随着哺乳期日粮中粗蛋白质和赖氨酸的提高，母猪哺乳期失重减少，但并不显著影响断奶至再配种的间隔时间和断奶窝仔数；仔猪哺乳期增重和断奶一星期内增重与初生重关系较大，DZ组日粮获得了最好效果。 相似文献
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本研究旨在评估日粮不同氨基酸水平对1～56 d肉鸭生长性能和胴体特征的影响。将平均初始体重为（55.92±0.56）g的800只1日龄肉鸭随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复40只。各组肉鸭在1～21 d时饲喂赖氨酸、蛋氨酸+胱氨酸、苏氨酸水平分别为0.90%+0.75%+0.70%、1.0%+0.80%+0.80%、1.10%+0.90%+0.85%、1.20%+1.0%+0.95%、1.30%+1.10%+1.0%的日粮,22～56 d时饲喂赖氨酸、蛋氨酸+胱氨酸、苏氨酸水平分别为0.75%+0.65%+0.55%、0.80%+0.70%+0.60%、0.90%+0.75%+0.65%、0.95%+0.80%+0.70%、1.0%+0.85%+0.75%的日粮。结论：T4和T5组较T1和T2组显著提高了21 d肉鸭的体重（P＜0.05）,T1组1～21 d肉鸭的平均日增重最低（P＜0.05）,而料重比最高（P＜0.05）。T2、T3和T4组肉鸭的胸肌相对重量显著高于其他各组（P＜0.05）,但日粮氨基酸限量水平对肉鸭胴体重、肝脏、腹脂和腿肌相对重量及肉色、pH、蒸煮损失、系水力的影响均不显著（P＞0.05）。结论：在肉鸭生长早期,随着日粮氨基酸水平的升高,日增重表现为显著升高,但氨基酸水平对肉鸭生长后期的生长性能和胴体特征影响很小。
[关键词]氨基酸|肉鸭|生长性能|胴体特征 相似文献
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试验旨在研究饲粮不同蛋白质水平下添加合成氨基酸对夏秋季洋二元杂种经产母猪哺乳期生产性能的影响。选择60头长白×约克杂交母猪随机分成3个粗蛋白质水平组,即18.65%、18.15%、17.65%组,但饲粮的赖氨酸均为粗蛋白质的6.3%(Lys/CP=0.063),即赖氨酸分别为1.17%、1.14%、1.11%。消化能14.23 MJ/kg,赖氨酸与蛋+胱氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、色氨酸的比例均为100:60:73:86:60:20,每组20个重复,每个重复1头猪,饲养到28日龄断奶。结果表明:18.65%组仔猪断奶窝重和窝增重显著高于17.65%组(P<0.05),与18.15%组差异不显著(P>0.05)。蛋白质水平对母猪日采食量、背膘损失及断奶后发情间隔影响不显著(P>0.05)。由结果可知,夏秋季高温环境下[平均温度为(30±5)℃],洋二元杂种经产母猪哺乳期饲粮添加适宜合成L-赖氨酸和L-苏氨酸、L-缬氨酸、DL-蛋氨酸、L-色氨酸,饲喂粗蛋白质为18.65%(赖氨酸1.17%)颗粒饲料时洋二元杂种经产母猪哺乳期生产性能最佳。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮赖氨酸水平对产蛋高峰期(30~38周龄)临武鸭生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标及氮代谢的影响,以确定产蛋高峰期临武鸭赖氨酸需要量。试验选取体重相近、健康状况良好、产蛋率无显著差异(P0.05)的临武鸭200羽,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只鸭。饲粮中赖氨酸水平分别为0.65%、0.75%、0.85%、0.95%、1.05%,试验期63 d。在饲养试验结束后,每组挑选出10只体重接近各组平均体重的试验鸭进行代谢试验。结果显示:1)0.95%和1.05%赖氨酸组日产蛋重显著高于0.65%和0.75%赖氨酸组(P0.05),而0.95%和1.05%赖氨酸组料蛋比显著低于0.65%和0.75%赖氨酸组(P0.05)。2)饲粮赖氨酸水平对蛋品质无显著影响(P0.05)。3)0.85%、0.95%和1.05%赖氨酸组血清总蛋白含量显著高于0.65%赖氨酸组(P0.05)。0.95%赖氨酸组血清中三碘甲腺原氨酸含量显著高于0.65%、0.75%和1.05%赖氨酸组(P0.05)。4)0.95%赖氨酸组净蛋白质利用率和氮沉积量显著或极显著高于0.65%赖氨酸组(P0.05或P0.01)。5)二次曲线分析表明,以总蛋白、净蛋白质利用率和氮沉积为评价指标,产蛋高峰期临武鸭饲粮中赖氨酸需要量分别为0.92%、0.96%和0.95%。由此可见,30~38周龄临武鸭的日产蛋重、料蛋比、总蛋白、净蛋白质利用率和氮沉积对于饲粮中赖氨酸水平的变化较为敏感,而获得较佳的生产性能、血清生化指标和氮平衡的适宜赖氨酸水平为0.92%~0.96%。 相似文献
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40头妊娠85 d健康二元杂交经产母猪(胎次、体况、前胎产仔数一致),随机分为2组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头,分别为对照组(基础日粮)、处理组(妊娠期:基础日粮+800 g/t微囊丁酸钠;哺乳期:基础日粮+500 g/t微囊丁酸钠)。结果表明,饲粮中添加微囊丁酸钠能够显著提高母猪生产后期采食量(4.56%),显著降低母猪哺乳期的体失重(P<0.05),提高仔猪断奶日增重(P<0.05)和断奶体重。此外,处理组弱仔率较对照组下降35.72%,窝断奶仔猪数和断奶仔猪均重有上升趋势(P=0.07,P=0.14)。由此可见,微囊丁酸钠可改善母猪生产性能,提高仔猪平均日增重。 相似文献
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《养猪》2019,(2)
为探讨青刈发酵墨西哥玉米粉对母猪生产性能及健康状况的影响,选择胎次为(4.12±1.00)、体重为(246.45±6.58)kg的健康长大二元杂种能繁母猪50头,随机分为2组,每组25个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组按常规饲喂妊娠期和哺乳期基础饲粮,试验组妊娠期母猪和哺乳期母猪分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加30%和10%发酵墨西哥玉米粉的饲粮。结果显示:试验组和对照组相比,总产仔数提高了7.72%(P0.05);产活仔数提高了10.04%(P0.05);死胎数降低了26.67%(P0.05);初生仔猪窝重提高了8.65%(P0.05);断奶仔猪成活数提高了15.19%(P0.05);断奶仔猪窝重提高了29.24%,差异极显著(P0.01);母猪断奶后7 d发情头数提高了9.09%,但差异不显著(P0.05);试验组母猪均没有发生孕期哺乳期便秘,也没有泪斑发生,而对照组平均有(0.76±0.44)头孕期哺乳期母猪发生了便秘,平均有(0.60±0.50)头母猪发生了泪斑,差异极显著(P0.01)。试验表明,通过在母猪饲粮中添加发酵的墨西哥玉米粉饲喂母猪,可提高总产仔数、产活仔数、初生仔猪窝重、断奶仔猪成活数、断奶仔猪窝重,降低仔猪7日龄内腹泻率、死胎率和母猪便秘、泪斑发生率。 相似文献
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为研究玉米-豆粕型日粮中赖氨酸水平对70~90日龄生长肉兔生产性能、血清类胰岛素生长激素浓度及其基因表达的影响。选择100只体重接近、前期饲养相同的70日龄新西兰肉兔为试验动物,随机分成5组,以赖氨酸含量分别为0.55%、0.65%、0.75%、0.85%和0.95%的5种日粮为试验处理,进行为期20 d的饲养试验。结果表明,随日粮赖氨酸水平的增加,90日龄生长肉兔生长性能组间差异不显著(P>0.05);血清胰岛素、生长激素、类胰岛素生长激素浓度显著提高(P＜0.05),分别在0.85%,0.75%和0.95%达到最大值;肝脏和肌肉IGF-Ⅰ相对表达量也明显增加(P＜0.05)。综上所述,70~90日龄生长肉兔血清IGF-Ⅰ浓度和基因表达受日粮赖氨酸水平的影响。 相似文献
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日粮赖氨酸水平对绿壳蛋种鸡生产性能和血清激素及卵巢FSH和LH受体mRNA表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国畜牧杂志》2016,(3)
本试验旨在研究日粮赖氨酸水平对绿壳蛋种鸡生产性能、血清激素及卵巢FSH受体(FSHR)、LH受体(LHR)mRNA表达的影响。试验选用30周龄的新杨父母代绿壳蛋鸡720只,随机分成6组,每组5个重复,每个重复24只鸡,分别饲喂赖氨酸水平为0.60%、0.65%、0.70%、0.75%、0.80%和0.85%的日粮。结果表明:0.65%赖氨酸水平组产蛋率显著高于0.85%水平组(P0.05),0.70%赖氨酸水平组料蛋比显著低于0.60%水平组(P0.05);血清FSH和LH含量均以0.70%赖氨酸水平组最高(P0.05);与0.75%和0.85%赖氨酸水平组相比,0.65%水平组卵巢FSHR mRNA的表达量显著提高(P0.05);血清FSH含量与卵巢FSHR、LHR mRNA表达量呈现较强相关性(r~20.85)。二次曲线分析表明,以产蛋率和料蛋比为主要评价指标,绿壳蛋种鸡赖氨酸需要量分别为0.70%和0.73%。综上所述,日粮赖氨酸水平为0.70%~0.73%时能够提高新杨绿壳蛋种鸡(31~43周龄)生产性能、血清促性腺激素含量及卵巢FSHR基因的表达。 相似文献
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《养猪》2021,(5)
为研究饲粮离子平衡对母猪繁殖性能的影响,试验选择160头二元杂种母猪[长白×大白,平均体重(274.3±4.95) kg,平均胎次(3.6±0.68)],按体重和胎次相近原则随机分为2组:对照组饲喂饲粮离子平衡(dEB)为160 mEq/kg的妊娠饲粮(配种当天至分娩)+饲粮离子平衡(dEB)为200 mEq/kg的哺乳饲粮(分娩至断奶),T1组饲喂饲粮离子平衡(dEB)为300 mEq/kg的妊娠饲粮(配种当天至分娩)+饲粮离子平衡(dEB)为200 mEq/kg的哺乳饲粮(分娩至断奶)。每组80个重复,每个重复1头母猪。试验期140 d。结果表明:1)试验处理对初生窝重、平均初生重、母猪哺乳期平均采食量、哺乳仔猪平均日增重、断奶-发情间隔、背膘厚度和背膘损失无显著影响(P0.05);2)对照组总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶数、断奶窝重、平均断奶重显著高于T1组(P0.05)。试验结果表明在该试验条件下,与妊娠期饲粮离子平衡为300 mEq/kg比,饲粮离子平衡为160 mEq/kg显著提高了母猪总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶数、断奶窝重和平均断奶重。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献