共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
为了解福州动物园饲养员和兽医以及普通人群的细菌耐药现状,选用肠球菌为指示菌,采用琼脂平板筛选法（ADSP法）筛选高水平耐庆大霉素肠球菌（HLGRE）;根据美国临床实验室标准化协会（CLSI）推荐的微量肉汤稀释法测定耐药菌株对6种抗菌药物的耐药性;用PCR法对分离出的不同来源的高水平耐氨基糖苷类肠球菌进行菌种的鉴定.从所有37个样本中共筛选出15株HLGRE.其中动物园饲养员及兽医的分离率为62.50％,而普通人群的分离率为23.81％,差异显著.分离到的肠球菌中,以粪肠球菌为主要,根据药敏实验结果显示,不同人群的HLGRE均以红霉素和土霉素的耐药率最高,均达到100％;以氨苄西林和万古霉素的耐药率最低. 相似文献
2.
为了解河南省某地区社区健康人源及动物(鸡、猪)源肠球菌种属分布及对多种抗菌药物的耐受情况,以及研究不同来源肠球菌的流行分布和抗菌药物耐药表型特点,本试验应用肠球菌选择性培养基对220份人源及动物源粪便样本进行肠球菌的分离培养,并对分离菌株采用16S rDNA序列分析结合API生化板条进行种属鉴定,纸片扩散法对分离肠球菌进行9种抗菌药物的敏感性检测.肠球菌分离及鉴定结果显示肠球菌总分离率、粪肠球菌分离率及屎肠球菌分离率在人源、鸡源、猪源3种来源间均差异显著(P<0.05):肠球菌总分离率为70.91%(156/220),猪源肠球菌分离率最高(86.00%),人源肠球菌分离率最低(62.63%),且人源与猪源肠球菌分离率差异显著(P<0.018);人源粪便样本中分离率最高的为屎肠球菌(31.36%),鸡源、猪源肠球菌中粪肠球菌分离率最高,分别为28.17%和32.00%.抗菌药物敏感性结果显示肠球菌对多种药物的耐药率在人源、鸡源、猪源3种来源间差异显著(P<0.05),且3种来源肠球菌的多药耐药率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).人源肠球菌对红霉素(69.35%)、环丙沙星(37.10%)、氨苄西林(19.35%)等抗菌药物耐药率较其他来源的肠球菌要高;鸡源肠球菌对四环素(88.24%)、氟苯尼考(11.76%)、氯霉素(21.57%)等抗菌药物耐药率较其他来源的肠球菌要高;猪源肠球菌对抗菌药物耐药率总体较低,且其多药耐药率(7.84%)也低于人源(35.48%)及鸡源肠球菌(30.19%).提示,健康人及动物粪便样本中肠球菌种属分布不同及对抗菌药物耐药率有差别,并对多种常见抗菌药物耐药率较高,有关部门应加强社区人群及动物等非临床来源肠球菌耐药检查、监测,进而更好的了解中国耐药肠球菌的流行现状,更有效的控制耐药肠球菌的传播. 相似文献
3.
猪源万古霉素耐药肠球菌分离及表型和基因型检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究旨在调查3个猪场不同猪群粪便中万古霉素耐药肠球菌(VRE)的分离率并进行耐药表型、基因型的测定,为万古霉素耐药肠球菌的流行病学提供基础数据。根据美国临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)推荐的方法进行耐药表型的测定,采用PCR法鉴定肠球菌并进行耐药基因的扩增,比较表型与基因型的一致性。结果从3个猪场250个粪便样本共分离出30株VRE。不同猪场不同猪群的分离率以哺乳仔猪最高,其次为保育仔猪、怀孕母猪和哺乳母猪,以大猪和公猪的分离率最低。耐万古霉素肠球菌均以土霉素的耐药率最高,为93.3%;以氨苄西林的敏感率最高,为80%。耐药基因检测2株为VanA阳性,12株为VanB阳性,7株为VanC1阳性,5株为VanC2/3阳性,4株未扩增出Van基因。本研究显示3个猪场均能分离到耐万古霉素肠球菌,各猪群耐药菌分离率与猪群接触抗菌药物的程度有一定的相关性,分离的VRE对6种抗生素具有不同程度的耐药,耐药表型与基因型基本一致。 相似文献
4.
《动物医学进展》2021,42(9)
为了解新疆昌吉地区某规模化猪场不同日龄猪粪源粪肠球菌对被检抗菌药物的耐药性和耐药基因携带情况,指导临床针对不同日龄的猪合理用药。采集不同日龄猪肛拭子样品262份进行粪肠球菌分离鉴定,采用琼脂稀释法进行11种抗菌药物最小抑菌浓度的测定,用PCR进行10种耐药基因的检测。共分离鉴定163株粪肠球菌,分离率62.2%(163/262)。不同日龄猪源粪肠球菌耐药严重程度由高到低依次为保育猪源、妊娠猪源、后备猪源、育肥猪源,对红霉素、四环素、利福平和多西环素的耐药率都高达90.0%以上。保育猪的耐药率最高,对氟苯尼考和利奈唑胺的耐药率高于其他猪源粪肠球菌;妊娠猪对恩诺沙星的耐药率高于其他猪源粪肠球菌。保育猪多药耐药在5～9耐分布,妊娠猪以7耐为主,后备猪以6耐为主,育肥猪以5耐为主。cfr与vanA基因未检出,分离株tetM、aac(6')/aph(2")、aph(3')-Ⅲ、ermB耐药基因的携带率均高于98.7%。此外,检出近年来新发现的恶唑烷酮类耐药基因optrA(13.5%)。该猪场不同日龄粪肠球菌呈现多药耐药率高、耐药谱广、耐药基因携带率高的特点,建议加强抗菌药物的规范使用,结合药敏试验结果,针对不同日龄猪只合理使用抗菌药物。 相似文献
5.
为研究我国猪源肠球菌的耐药情况,本研究采集18个省市猪养殖场的粪便样品836份进行了肠球菌的分离鉴定,并通过琼脂稀释法测定11种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度。结果显示:从836份样品中共分离出225株肠球菌,其中屎肠球菌106株,粪肠球菌56株,小肠肠球菌34株,鹑鸡肠球菌17株,铅黄肠球菌7株,坚忍肠球菌4株,Enterococcus thailandicus 1株。所有的肠球菌对被检抗菌药物耐药程度由高到低依次是四环素(98.2%)、阿米卡星(94.7%)、多西环素(89.3%)、米诺环素(88.9%)、氟苯尼考(88.4%)、红霉素(86.2%)、环丙沙星(63.1%)、氨苄西林(33.8%)、氯霉素(29.8%),未检测到万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药菌株。除氨苄西林、万古霉素、利奈唑胺外,粪肠球菌对其余8种被检抗菌药物耐药率均高于屎肠球菌。小肠肠球菌对阿米卡星、红霉素、四环素、多西环素、米诺环素5种抗菌药物的耐药率高于屎肠球菌。肠球菌的多重耐药情况集中在6耐、7耐和8耐,占肠球菌总数的72.9%。本研究表明我国猪源肠球菌对常见抗菌药物耐药率较高,应引起更多关注。 相似文献
6.
为了解不同动物源肠球菌耐药性,试验选用10种常用抗生素,采用统一材料、方法(KB法)和判断标准[美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)2007年版]对从5种不同动物源(人、狗、鸡、牛、猪)粪便中分离得到的肠球菌进行耐药性检测。结果表明:共分离得到肠球菌646株,包括人源肠球菌146株、狗源肠球菌138株、鸡源肠球菌128株、牛源肠球菌111株、猪源肠球菌123株;各动物源肠球菌对四环素和利福平耐受性偏高,对青霉素G、万古霉素和高浓度庆大霉素耐受性偏低,其中耐万古霉素肠球菌47株,平均耐药率为7%;各动物源肠球菌的耐药性表现为鸡源肠球菌最强,猪源肠球菌、狗源肠球菌、人源肠球菌次之,牛源肠球菌最低。说明滥用抗生素已造成人和畜禽动物肠球菌较为普遍的耐药,应引起临床及畜禽业高度重视。 相似文献
7.
动物源粪肠球菌对7种抗生素耐药表型及耐药基因检测 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为查明动物源(牛、羊、猪、鸡)粪肠球菌分离株对7种常见抗生素的耐药情况(包括耐药表型及相关的耐药基因),采用药敏纸片法、浓度稀释法和VITEK-AMS全自动药敏法3种不同的方法,根据CLSI(2007)判定标准,检测40株分离株的耐药表型;采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法,检测分离株中β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药相关基因(TEM)、氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药相关基因(aac(6’)/aph2’’,aph(3’)-Ⅲ,ant(6)-I)、四环素耐药相关基因(tetM)、红霉素耐药相关基因(ermB,mefA)和万古霉素耐药相关基因(vanA,vanB,vanC)。结果表明,分离株对庆大霉素、链霉素、四环素、红霉素、青霉素、阿莫西林表型耐药率分别为:60.0%(24/40),57.5%(23/40),52.5%(21/40),67.5%(27/40),60.0%(24/40),55.0%(22/40),本试验中未发现耐万古霉素粪肠球菌。耐药基因aac(6’)/aph2’’,ant(6)-Ⅰ,aph(3’)-Ⅲ,tetM,ermB,TEM的检出率分别为:55%(22/40),55%(22/40),25.0%(10/40),42.5%(17/40),50.0%(20/40),45.0%(18/40);未检测到mefA,vanA,vanB,vanC基因的菌株。动物源性粪肠球菌多重耐药现象严重,携带抗生素相关耐药基因是导致分离株对抗生素产生耐药的主要原因,从耐药表型和基因型的角度均可证实分离株粪肠球菌具有多重耐药性。 相似文献
8.
为研究北京市伴侣动物源肠球菌对常见抗菌药物的耐受情况,于2015年5月至2016年1月以北京市某宠物医院门诊就诊犬、猫作为采样对象,采集犬、猫自然排出的粪便作为样品,共得到样本320份。采用选择性培养基进行菌株分离和VITEK-2型全自动微生物分析仪进行肠球菌的鉴定;对分离鉴定的菌株进行8类11种常见抗菌药物敏感性试验;同时进行高水平庆大霉素和高水平链霉素耐受的检测试验,对受试肠球菌的耐药性和多重耐药性进行分析。共得到菌落形态及生化特性不同的非重复的肠球菌318株,其中粪肠球菌（49.06%）和屎肠球菌（29.87%）分离率较高。受试肠球菌对高水平庆大霉素和高水平链霉素的耐药率分别为39.94%和43.40%,对四环素（78.62%）、红霉素（67.30%）和奎诺普丁-达福普汀耐药率（43.71%）较高,对替加环素全部敏感,对万古霉素和呋喃妥因非耐药率也很高（均为98.74%）。受试肠球菌对1类到7类抗菌药物有不同程度的耐药性,多重耐药现象普遍,多重耐药率高达57.23%。耐受4类抗菌药物的数量最多（n=65株）。经分析共得到44种不同的耐药谱,以耐受4类药物的红霉素-奎诺普丁-达福普汀-四环素-高水平氨基糖苷类耐药谱占比最高（45/318,14.15%）。本研究证实受试的北京市伴侣动物源肠球菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药程度较高,多重耐药情况普遍存在,应加强对其耐药性的监测工作。 相似文献
9.
细菌鉴定是细菌耐药性监测过程中的重要工作环节之一,基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-off flight mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF MS)能够高效鉴定细菌。为了快速监测五家养殖场来源的大肠杆菌和肠球菌的临床耐药特征,本研究利用MALDI-TOF MS和微量肉汤稀释法,快速鉴定临床分离的大肠杆菌和肠球菌,并对其进行耐药表型检测。结果显示,MALDI-TOF MS实现了对临床分离菌株(31株大肠杆菌和34株肠球菌)的快速鉴定;鸡源大肠杆菌和肠球菌的耐药情况最为严重,其次为羊和牛。其中,鸡源的大肠杆菌均对四环素(100%)和氨苄西林(91.67%)耐药率最高,肠球菌对苯唑西林(62.07%)耐药率较高。研究结果表明,不同动物源细菌临床耐药性表型严重程度有所不同,与此同时,MALDI-TOF MS技术可以同时实现对动物源大肠杆菌和肠球菌的快速鉴定,值得在动物源细菌耐药性检测领域推广应用。 相似文献
10.
宁夏地区牛源肠球菌分离鉴定及耐药性与毒力基因检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国兽医学报》2020,(3)
为了了解宁夏地区牛源肠球菌的耐药性及耐药基因和毒力基因的携带情况,本试验使用显色培养基及PCR法对肠球菌进行分类鉴定;采用药敏纸片琼脂扩散法(K-B法)测定肠球菌对16种抗菌药物的敏感性;最后采用PCR方法对9种相关耐药基因与7种肠球菌毒力基因进行检测并测序。结果显示,在分离鉴定出的255株肠球菌中,屎肠球菌有78株(30.59%),粪肠球菌有53株(21.96%)。药敏试验结果显示,分离菌对磺胺异恶唑和杆菌肽耐药率达到了100%;其次是苯唑西林(92.16%)、红霉素(65.88%)、四环素(65.49%)和青霉素(56.86%)。分离菌对万古霉素和利奈唑胺高度敏感,敏感率分别为92.54%与95.29%。耐药基因检测结果显示,氨基糖苷类耐药基因aph(3)′-Ⅲ的检出率最高,为100%;其次是红霉素类耐药基因ermB,为46.27%;未检出耐万古霉素耐药基因VanA、VanB、VanC。已检测的毒力基因明胶酶gelE的携带率最高,为37.60%;其次为心内膜炎抗原efaA,为36.10%。结果表明,宁夏地区牛源肠球菌的多重耐药现象比较严重,应当加以重视。 相似文献
11.
Di Labio E Regula G Steiner A Miserez R Thomann A Ledergerber U 《Zoonoses and public health》2007,54(9-10):344-352
Bacteria with antimicrobial resistance can be transferred from animals to humans and may compromise antimicrobial treatment in case of infection. To determine the antimicrobial resistance situation in bacteria from Swiss veal calves, faecal samples from 500 randomly selected calves originating from 129 farms were collected at four big slaughterhouses. Samples were cultured for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus sp. and Campylobacter sp. and isolated strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to selected antimicrobial agents by the minimal inhibitory concentration technique using the broth microdilution method. From 100 farms, data on farm management, animal husbandry and antimicrobial treatments of the calves were collected by questionnaire. Risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistance were identified by logistic regression. In total, 467 E. coli, 413 Enterococcus sp. and 202 Campylobacter sp. were isolated. Of those, 68.7%, 98.7% and 67.8%, respectively, were resistant to at least one of the tested antimicrobial agents. Resistance was mainly observed to antimicrobials frequently used in farm animals. Prevalence of resistance to antimicrobials important for human treatment was generally low. However, a rather high number of quinupristin/dalfopristin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter sp. were detected. External calf purchase, large finishing groups, feeding of milk by-products and administration of antimicrobials through feed upon arrival of the animals on the farm significantly increased the risk of antimicrobial resistance at farm level. Participation in a quality assurance programme and injection of a macrolide upon arrival of the animals on the farm had a protective effect. The present study showed that veal calves may serve as a reservoir for resistant bacteria. To ensure food safety, veal calves should be included in the national monitoring programme for antimicrobial resistance in farm animals. By improving farm management and calf husbandry the prevalence of resistance may be reduced. 相似文献
12.
为了解北京市宠物源细菌的抗菌药物耐药情况,2022年,笔者对北京市四个城区的四家宠物医院的犬、猫共计50份样本的肛拭子进行了研究。试验对样品中的大肠杆菌和肠球菌首先进行了分离培养和质谱鉴定,然后采用微量肉汤稀释法分析分离菌株的耐药表型。结果共分离出大肠杆菌25株、肠球菌25株（屎肠球菌14株、粪肠球菌11株）。大肠杆菌耐药率最高的2种抗菌药为四环素和氨苄西林,多重耐药菌占44%;肠球菌耐药情况较严重,粪肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑,屎肠球菌耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺异噁唑、头孢西丁和红霉素,二者多重耐药菌占分离株总数的100%。综上,北京地区宠物源大肠杆菌、肠球菌的耐药情况较为严峻,且多重耐药现象突出,需要加强对宠物抗菌药使用的监督与管理。 相似文献
13.
本试验旨在了解屠宰前鸡、猪源食品动物体内大肠杆菌耐药情况,分析潜在的食品安全问题。从广州市畜禽交易市场随机采集待屠宰鸡和猪的粪便样品,分离鉴定大肠杆菌,并采用琼脂稀释法检测大肠杆菌对15种抗菌药物的敏感性。结果显示,从658份猪源样品和133份鸡源样品中共分离鉴定出731株大肠杆菌,其中猪源606株,鸡源125株。药敏试验结果显示,731株大肠杆菌均表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药谱广且多重耐药现象严重。对复方新诺明和四环素的耐药率为90.0%以上,仅对头孢西丁、黏菌素和阿米卡星较敏感(耐药率均低于3%)。鸡源大肠杆菌对头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、新霉素、阿米卡星、萘啶酸和环丙沙星的耐药率显著高于猪源大肠杆菌(P＜0.05)。鸡源大肠杆菌中3耐及3耐以上的菌株占97.60%,猪源大肠杆菌占94.72%。结果表明,屠宰前畜禽体内大肠杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性非常严重,以多重耐药为主,且耐药谱丰富多样。提示屠宰前畜禽携带的耐药菌对食品安全和人类健康存在较大的安全隐患。 相似文献
14.
为了解上海地区动物源粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药及其最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)变迁情况,采用微量肉汤稀释法对近五年采集的粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌进行10种常见抗菌药物敏感性测试。结果表明,458株粪肠球菌及283株屎肠球菌对头孢西丁、头孢噻呋及氧氟沙星耐药率较高(均高于60%),对青霉素、阿莫西林/克拉维酸及万古霉素的耐药率较低(均低于11%),粪肠球菌耐药率整体高于屎肠球菌,两者对氧氟沙星、头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素、利奈唑胺、恩诺沙星的耐药率存在较大差异（耐药率差异为15%~44%）。五年间,粪肠球菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氧氟沙星的MIC50及MIC90均呈下降趋势;屎肠球菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢西丁及氟苯尼考的MIC50及MIC90均呈下降趋势。研究表明,近年来上海地区动物源粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌的耐药情况有好转趋势,仍需继续加强肠球菌耐药性监测。 相似文献
15.
Harisberger M Gobeli S Hoop R Dewulf J Perreten V Regula G 《Zoonoses and public health》2011,58(6):377-387
Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging concern to public health, and food-producing animals are known to be a potential source for transmission of resistant bacteria to humans. As legislation of the European Union requires to ban conventional cages for the housing of laying hens on the one hand, and a high food safety standard for eggs on the other hand, further investigations about the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in alternative housing types are required. In this study, we determined antimicrobial resistance in indicator bacteria from 396 cloacal swabs from 99 Swiss laying hen farms among four alternative housing types during a cross-sectional study. On each farm, four hens were sampled and exposure to potential risk factors was identified with a questionnaire. The minimal inhibitory concentration was determined using broth microdilution in Escherichia coli (n=371) for 18 antimicrobials and in Enterococcus faecalis (n=138) and Enterococcus faecium (n=153) for 16 antimicrobials. All antimicrobial classes recommended by the European Food Safety Authority for E. coli and enterococci were included in the resistance profile. Sixty per cent of the E. coli isolates were susceptible to all of the considered antimicrobials and 30% were resistant to at least two antimicrobials. In E. faecalis, 33% of the strains were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials and 40% were resistant to two or more antimicrobials, whereas in E. faecium these figures were 14% and 39% respectively. Risk factor analyses were carried out for bacteria species and antimicrobials with a prevalence of resistance between 15% and 85%. In these analyses, none of the considered housing and management factors showed a consistent association with the prevalence of resistance for more than two combinations of bacteria and antimicrobial. Therefore we conclude that the impact of the considered housing and management practices on the egg producing farms on resistance in laying hens is low. 相似文献
16.
17.
Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in healthy dogs: first report of canine ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clonal complex 17 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
National surveillance programs on antimicrobial usage and antimicrobial resistance in animals have been established in various countries but few of them include bacteria from pets. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in healthy dogs and to search for resistance phenotypes of clinical relevance. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were isolated from faecal swabs obtained from 127 dogs. Disk diffusion was used to measure antimicrobial susceptibility in 117 Escherichia coli, 10 Enterococcus faecium and 51 Enterococcus faecalis of canine origin. Resistance was relatively low compared with food animal species in Denmark. All Escherichia coli isolates were susceptible to broad-spectrum aminopenicillins, third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Despite the low prevalence of resistance, statistical analysis of questionnaire data revealed a significant association (p=0.02) between recent antimicrobial treatment and resistance in Escherichia coli. Interestingly, two dogs were found to shed Enterococcus faecium resistant to ampicillin. Multilocus sequence typing of these isolates indicated that the two isolates belonged to sequence types associated with human nosocomial infections, and one (ST-192) was genetically related to human epidemic clonal complex 17. The detection of ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium warrants further studies on the prevalence of these bacteria in dogs and on the possible implications to both animal and human health. The results suggest that distinct methods for detection and assessment of antimicrobial resistance in animals should be considered depending on the target animal species and the purposes of the study. 相似文献
18.
Simjee S McDermott PF White DG Hofacre C Berghaus RD Carter PJ Stewart L Liu T Maier M Maurer JJ 《Avian diseases》2007,51(4):884-892
Data on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant enterococci and staphylococci from the poultry production environment are sparse in the United States. This information is needed for science-based risk assessments of antimicrobial use in animal husbandry and potential public-health consequences. In this study, we assessed the susceptibility of staphylococci and enterococci isolated from poultry litter, recovered from 24 farms across Georgia, to several antimicrobials of veterinary and human health importance. Among the 90 Enterococcus isolates recovered, E. hirae (46%) was the most frequently encountered species, followed by E. faecium (27%), E. gallinarum (12%), and E. faecalis (10%). Antimicrobial resistance was most often observed to tetracycline (96%), followed by clindamycin (90%), quinupristin-dalfopristin (62%), penicillin (53%), erythromycin (50%), nitrofurantoin (49%), and clarithromycin (48%). Among the 110 staphylococci isolates recovered, only coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were identified with the predominant Staphylococcus species being S. sciuri (38%), S. lentus (21%), S. xylosus (14%) and S. simulans (12%). Resistance was less-frequently observed among the Staphylococcus isolates for the majority of antimicrobials tested, as compared with Enterococcus isolates, and was primarily limited to clarithromycin (71%), erythromycin (71%), clindamycin (48%), and tetracycline (38%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotypes were prevalent in both Enterococcus and Staphylococcus; however, Enterococcus exhibited a statistically significant difference in the median number of antimicrobials to which resistance was observed (median = 5.0) compared with Staphylococcus species (median = 3.0). Because resistance to several of these antimicrobials in gram-positive bacteria may be attributed to the shuttling of common drug-resistance genes, we also determined which common antimicrobial-resistance genes were present in both enterococci and staphylococci. The antimicrobial resistance genes vat(D) and erm(B) were present in enterococci, vgaB in staphylococci, and mobile genetic elements Tn916 and pheromone-inducible plasmids were only identified in enterococci. These data suggest that the disparity in antimicrobial-resistance phenotypes and genotypes between enterococci and staphylococci isolated from the same environment is, in part, because of barriers preventing exchange of mobile DNA elements. 相似文献
19.
Costa EO Benites NR Guerra JL Melville PA 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(2):99-103
The high prevalence of the great resistance to antimicrobials shown by the aetiological agents of infectious bovine mastitis, often leads to chronic recurrent mastitis, one of the main causes of early culling of dairy cows. The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from mammary parenchymas of slaughtered dairy cows, to different anti-microbials. A total of 45 Staphylococcus spp. strains [33 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) and 12 Staphylococcus aureus (SA)] were used. These strains were tested with 12 different antimicrobials by the Kirby and Bauer standardized disc diffusion method; 84.44% and 86.66% of the 45 strains were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin, respectively. The highest sensitivity was to cephalothin (84.44%), gentamicin (80%) and to sulphazotrin (77.77%). CNS showed higher resistance (P < 0.05) than SA. The in vitro susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus spp. strains isolated from mammary parenchymas studied in the present investigation was similar to that observed in recent studies of in vitro and in vivo susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. 相似文献