共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 889 毫秒
1.
《中国预防兽医学报》2020,(8)
为设计研发新型猪源抗菌肽PMAP-23,本研究参照PMAP-23的作用机理和氨基酸组成,人工设计并合成新型抗菌肽PMAP-23LR,通过药敏试验检测其体外抗菌活性,同时以感染鼠伤寒沙门菌的小鼠作为实验动物感染模型,研究抗菌肽PMAP-23LR对致病菌的体内抗菌活性。体外抑菌试验结果显示,PMAP-23LR相较于PMAP-23对猪霍乱沙门菌C78-1的最小抑菌浓度未发生变化,对金黄色葡萄球菌25923、鼠伤寒沙门菌1344、禽巴氏杆菌C48-3、产肠毒素性大肠杆菌7915的抑菌活性增强;酸碱稳定性试验结果显示,PMAP-23LR在pH2～pH12时具有100%的抗菌活性;热稳定性试验显示,PMAP-23LR在沸水中2 h后仍具有抑菌活性,溶血试验结果显示PMAP-23和PMAP-23LR在2μg/mL～1 mg/mL的浓度下均不能使鸡红细胞发生溶血。在对鼠伤寒沙门菌感染小鼠的体内治疗试验中,PMAP-23LR能够减少小鼠肝脏和肺脏的病理损伤,增加了小鼠的存活率。本研究为抗菌肽PMAP-23的改造及应用提供了参考依据。 相似文献
2.
合成绵羊抗菌肽NK-Lysin抗菌活性及其对雏鸡沙门氏菌攻毒的治疗效果研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了研究绵羊抗菌肽NK-Lysin主要活性区的生物学功能,试验设计并合成了3对功能区多肽片段,并利用径向扩散试验和最小抑菌浓度对其抗菌活性进行检测,分析了合成多肽对鸡血红细胞的毒性作用,筛选出抗菌效果最好的多肽对沙门氏菌攻毒的雏鸡进行治疗,检测其治疗效果。结果表明,合成多肽对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌具有抑制活性,多肽片段长度、多肽C-端有无酰胺化及多肽内的二硫键是否成环对多肽的抗菌活性均有影响;筛选出的2个多肽在治疗雏鸡沙门氏菌攻毒的过程中能够明显降低死亡率,对雏鸡心脏、肝脏、肾脏的病理损伤也明显小于对照组。本研究结果为绵羊抗菌肽NK-Lysin作为候选抗菌药物的开发奠定了基础。 相似文献
3.
本研究旨在探究大熊猫西氏贝蛔虫一个抗菌肽分子的生物学特性及其重组蛋白rBsABF在体外的抗菌活性。对西氏贝蛔虫抗菌肽BsABF基因进行克隆、原核表达及重组蛋白rBsABF的纯化,通过免疫印迹与荧光免疫组化分析重组蛋白rBsABF免疫反应性及BsABF在虫体中的分布;采用抗菌试验对重组蛋白rBsABF的抗菌活性进行了初步评价。研究结果显示,BsABF基因ORF全长276bp,编码蛋白分子大小为10.01ku,带有N端信号肽,与猪蛔虫同源基因序列相似性为94%,主要分布于虫体体壁、肠道与虫卵,重组蛋白rBsABF具有良好的免疫反应性。抗菌试验结果显示该重组蛋白对大熊猫源粪肠球菌及大肠杆菌具有一定的抗菌活性。首次鉴定了大熊猫西氏贝蛔虫BsABF基因,抑菌试验表明重组蛋白rBsABF具有抗菌活性,为今后深入研究该蛋白的功能特性奠定了基础。 相似文献
4.
5.
抗菌肽是生物体在抵抗外来微生物入侵时产生的一类防御性小肽,在自然界分布广泛,是机体先天免疫系统的重要组成部分。与传统的抗生素相比,抗菌肽分子质量小、水溶性好、热稳定性好、抗菌机理独特、具有广谱的抗细菌、抗病毒、抗真菌、抗肿瘤等活性,且不易诱发细菌产生耐药性等特点。随着细菌耐药问题不断出现及新型抗菌肽的陆续发现,抗菌肽的抗菌活性、溶血性及细胞毒性的机制已成为研究的热点。笔者主要对抗菌肽的分子改造及活性机制的最近研究进展进行阐述,以期为抗菌肽的分子设计改造和应用提供科学的参考依据。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
本试验旨在建立一种在日本鳗鲡脾脏抗菌肽分离纯化过程中简便、灵敏的检测其抗菌活性的方法。试验以日本鳗鲡脾脏分子质量小于10 ku的蛋白质为抗菌肽样品,选择琼脂板孔穴扩散法和微孔液体培养法2种传统方法及微量液体培养法为检测方法,比较这3种方法在抗菌肽对3种鳗鲡常见致病菌株(迟钝爱德华菌、气单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌)抗菌活性检测中的灵敏度和优缺点。结果表明:与琼脂板孔穴扩散法及微孔液体培养法相比,微量液体培养法简便、易于观察结果,具有最高的灵敏度且样品用量最少,适合在鳗鲡脾脏抗菌肽分离纯化过程中跟踪检测抗菌活性,尤其适合分离纯化后期获得微量单一样品抗菌活性的检测。由此得出,微量液体培养法适用于检测日本鳗鲡脾脏抗菌肽的抗菌活性。 相似文献
10.
猪源抗菌肽研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王增敏 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2010,(4):14-15
抗菌肽（antibacterial peptides）是生物体产生的一种具有强抗菌作用的多肽,是生物先天免疫的重要组成成分。迄今为止,已在许多生物包括动物、植物及原核生物中发现600多种内源性抗菌活性肽（Hancock,2001）。猪源抗菌肽是从猪体内分离得到的抗菌肽。本文主要就猪源抗菌肽研究进展展开论述。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
16.
以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
17.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献