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对饲养在温室内的感染柑橘黄龙病甜橙树上的柑橘木虱采用三种方法进行单头核酸提取,通过超微量核酸蛋白分析仪和细菌通用引物27F1492R常规PCR检测核酸质量,利用柑橘黄龙病菌特异性引物OI1/OI2c常规PCR和以r-rplLAs/f-rplLAs引物进行荧光定量qPCR检测。研究结果表明,三种方法均可以成功提取到单头柑橘木虱总核酸且均能检测到黄龙病菌,李菁方法时间短,步骤简便,提取的核酸浓度较高,但核酸质量较低;氯仿-异戊醇抽提方法步骤较多、历时长,提取核酸浓度较低,但核酸质量较高;试剂盒方法简便快速,提取的核酸浓度高,核酸质量一般,成本较高。三种方法各有优缺点,可根据后续分子实验具体要求选择合适的提取方法。本文为有效的检测柑橘木虱体内黄龙病菌提供了技术基础,也可以推广到其他微小昆虫的内生细菌等相关基因研究领域。 相似文献
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【目的】本研究旨在建立黄龙病菌的重组酶聚合酶扩增(Recombinase Polymerase Amplification,RPA)快速检测体系,丰富柑橘黄龙病的高效简便检测方法。【方法】以黄龙病菌株psy62的保守基因序列设计并筛选特异性引物,经灵敏度比较和检测特异性验证,建立该病的RPA检测体系。经PCR、RPA和实时荧光PCR对87份柑橘样品的黄龙病菌检测,验证RPA检测体系的适用性。【结果】建立了黄龙病菌的RPA检测方法。(1)特异性：能特异性检测柑橘黄龙病。(2)灵敏度：RPA是PCR的100倍,与实时荧光PCR相当。(3)检测体系：只需20min,大幅提高检测效率。(4)适用性：RPA与实时荧光PCR检出率均为35.63%,比PCR的31.03%略高。【结论】建立了黄龙病菌的RPA检测方法,具有特异性强、灵敏度高、检测快速、无需特殊仪器设备和操作简便等特点,为柑橘黄龙病提供了高效简便的快速检测手段。 相似文献
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为建立猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌PSA的实时荧光定量PCR方法,根据hrpW基因设计一对引物P3F/P5R,扩增片段大小为247bp,构建该片段的阳性质粒用于荧光定量 PCR标准曲线的制作;评价引物的灵敏度、特异性,并验证其实际应用效果。结果表明,该方法能特异性的检测出PSA病原菌,灵敏度为 100fg/μL。以采集的无病症和有病症猕猴桃枝条为样品,本方法可检测到无病症枝条中最低浓度为8.45?0‐5ng/μL的PSA。本实验建立的实时荧光定量PCR检测猕猴桃溃疡病菌方法可用于猕猴桃溃疡病感病样品的早期诊断,对该病原菌的预防诊治具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为探究赣南地区柑橘黄龙病菌的遗传多样性。从赣南16个县市区采集32个具典型柑橘黄龙病症状的脐橙样品,运用PCR-RFLP(聚合酶链式反应-限制性长度多态性分析)技术研究了柑橘黄龙病菌16S rDNA序列、16S/23S rDNA间隔区序列和核糖体蛋白基因的遗传多态性;并对三个基因片段进行测序,分析其序列的碱基含量、转换与颠换、同源性、核苷酸遗传距离和系统进化特征。RFLP结果表明：赣南16个县市区柑橘黄龙病菌XbaⅠ酶切图谱均与亚洲韧皮部杆菌（Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, CLas）的一致;进一步分析显示,三个基因片段各自之间的RFLP指纹图谱一致,并未表现多态性。序列分析结果表明：32个分离物三个基因片段各自的同源性均在98%~100%,与CLas的同源性最大,且与CLas的遗传距离最小。系统进化树展示赣南地区柑橘黄龙病菌与CLas处于同一分支,结合酶切图谱、序列同源性及系统进化分析结果表明： 赣南地区柑橘黄龙病菌均为CLas。结论：赣南地区柑橘黄龙病菌的16S rDNA序列、16S/23S rDNA间隔区序列和核糖体蛋白基因未表现遗传多样性,表明赣南地区柑橘黄龙病菌间遗传多样性不显著。
关键词：柑橘黄龙病;16S rDNA序列;核糖体蛋白基因;16S/23S rDNA间隔区;RFLP;序列分析 相似文献
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柑橘黄龙病是柑橘生产上最具毁灭性的病害,目前没有防治特效药也没有较好的抗性品种。本文以含氯消毒剂作为柑橘黄龙病菌防治的候选药剂开展药剂筛选试验。将染病接穗分别浸泡3种含氯消毒剂再嫁接到健康枳壳砧木上,利用定量PCR技术定量分析药剂处理前后黄龙病菌含量的变化,建立柑橘黄龙病菌药剂防治效果评价体系。试验结果表明,漂白粉（CH）不适合利用嫁接技术进行候选药剂筛选;二氯异氰尿酸钠（NaDCC）和三氯泡腾消毒片（TCCA）的抑菌效果随处理浓度的降低而减弱,在有效氯含量为5000mg/L时,病菌减退率最高,分别为99.1%和99.5%,相对防效最佳,分别达到了97.9%和98.8%,与对照药剂盐酸四环素(TET)的抑制效果相当,说明NaDCC和TCCA可以作为柑橘黄龙病化学防治的候选药剂。 相似文献
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柑橘木虱是柑橘新梢期的重要害虫,也是传播柑橘黄龙病的主要自然虫媒,其种群数量越大,越有利于黄龙病的扩散,因此是一种重要的柑橘经济害虫。本研究采用五点调查法,监测了2018年4月至12月桂北地区失管果园柑橘木虱种群发生动态,并利用实时荧光定量PCR方法明确了感病果园柑橘木虱含黄龙病菌量的动态规律。结果表明,2018年桂北地区失管果园柑橘木虱种群发生动态具有3个高峰期,分别出现在6月、9月和11月。柑橘木虱携带黄龙病菌量在4 ~ 7月处于较低水平,随后逐步上升并于10月达最高值,其动态变化为单峰型。此外,柑橘木虱年均含菌量可能与性别有关,且雌性含菌量高于雄性。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献