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1.
本文应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术从构建的新城疫病毒（ＤＮＶ）ｃＤＮＡ文库中扩增含编码Ｆ糖蛋白前体－Ｆｏ酶切位点序列的３５９ｂｐ的Ｆ蛋白基因ｃＤＮＡ片段。将此３５９ｂｐ ｃＤＮＡ片段经光敏生物素标记后，即成ＤＮＶ－ｃＤＮＡ探针。该探针能特异性地从感染的尿囊液中检测出ＤＮＶ强毒株和疫苗毒株的基因组ＲＮＡ，而不与ＩＢＤＶ－ｄｓＲＮＡ，ＡＩＢＶ－ｓｓＲＮＡ，ＥＤＳ７６－ｄｓＤＮＡ、ＭＤＶ０ｄｓＤＮＡ、Ｆ  相似文献   

2.
将ＩＢＶＴ株基因组Ｓ１基因上０．６kb片段（位于Ｓ１基因上１１２１bp～１７２３bp之间）克隆到ＰＩＢ－ＰＣＲ Ｃloning vector中,用地高辛标记探针,分别与９株ＩＢＶ 的ＰＣＲ产物和１２株ＩＢＶ的核酸进行点杂交均呈阳性反应,而该探针不与ＩＢＤＶ和ＮＤＶ的ＲＮＡ,ＥＤＳ－７６病毒的ＤＮＡ及正常鸡胚尿囊液的抽提物反应。探针检测ＩＢＶ－ＰＣＲ产物的灵敏度为１００～２００pg。用该探针检测不同毒株ＩＢＶ在鸡胚中的繁  相似文献   

3.
采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法,以ＩＢＶＳ１全基因特异性引物分别从我国华东（ＨＤ）、华北（ＨＢ）、华中（ＨＺ）、华南（ＨＮ）、西北（ＸＢ）及东北（ＤＢ）等地的ＩＢＶ流行株基因组中扩增出预期的１．７ｋｂ左右的ＤＮＡ片段。ＰＣＲ产物的ＨａｅＩＩ酶切分析及其与英国ＩＢＶＳ１全基因核酸探针的分子杂交证实所获６个ＩＢＶ流行株的ＰＣＲ产物为ＩＢＶＳ１基因。将此６个毒株的Ｓ１基因ＰＣＲ产物分别进行５’和３’端的ＢａｍＨＩ和ＨｉｎｄＩＩ酶切识别位点的分子修饰之后插入到克隆质粒ｐＵＣ１８的ＢａｍＨＩ／ＨｉｎｄＩＩ位点,在大肠杆菌中实现了目的基因的分子克隆。Ｓ１基因的ＲＦＬＰ分析表明我国ＩＢＶ已有分子水平的变异。  相似文献   

4.
选择Ｓ１基因做为目的基因,运用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术分别扩增１２株以非免疫鸡胚繁殖并通过超速离心浓缩的鸡胚尿囊液中的ＩＢＶ,所用引物为ＩＢＶＢｅａｕｄｅｔｔｅ株Ｓ１基因两侧的对应序列,跨幅为１．７２ｋｂ。结果６株ＩＢＶ毒株（ＳＡＩＢ３、Ｆ、Ｄ４１、Ｍ４１、Ｈ５２、Ｈｏｌｔｅ）扩增出了长约１．７ｋｂ的Ｓ１基因片段,而另６株ＩＢＶ毒株虽经４次ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ重复后也显阴性。用ＨａｅⅢ内切酶对６个毒株的ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ产物进行酶切,结果显示Ｍ４１、Ｈ５２、Ｄ４１３个ＩＢＶ毒株的Ｓ１基因包含两个ＨａｅⅢ位点,Ｆ株与Ｈｏｌｔｅ株Ｓ１基因包含１个ＨａｅⅢ位点,而ＳＡＩＢ３株Ｓ１基因则已丢失ＨａｅⅢ位点。实验结果表明：运用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术检测ＩＢＶ时,由于Ｓ１基因的核酸序列具有较高的变异率,因此Ｓ１基因不宜做为目的基因。  相似文献   

5.
禽流感RT-PCR诊断法的建立   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
根据禽流感病毒（ＡＩＶ）Ａ／Ｃｈｉｃｋｅｎ／Ｂｒｅｓｌｉｎ／１９０２（Ｈ７Ｎ７）株的血凝素（ＨＡ）基因参考序列设计合成一对Ｈ７ＨＡ特异引物,并应用ＳＤＳ－蛋白酶Ｋ法提取病毒ＲＮＡ,建立了逆转录－聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＡＩＶＲＮＡ的方法。应用此法对鸡胚培养的ＡＩＶ尿囊液、ＳＰＦ感染鸡粪便进行了检测,并与琼脂扩散试验和电镜技术作了对比。特异性试验以新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）、传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）、传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）、减蛋综合征病毒（ＥＤＳ－７６Ｖ）等的感染鸡胚尿囊液作为对照。结果表明,ＡＩＶ尿囊液ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ全部阳性,ＳＰＦ感染鸡粪便８７份,ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检出６９份阳性,样品处理浓缩后琼脂扩散检出１１份,电镜检测了２３份样品,仅检出２份阳性。非特异性对照样品经ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测全部阴性。将ＡＩＶ感染鸡胚尿囊液作１０倍系列连续稀释,可检出稀释度为１０－２的病毒尿囊液。ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ最早检出时间为感染后第３天,而琼扩和电镜均是７天。该法具有高度的特异性和灵敏性,且节约时间（只需８小时左右）,可从分子水平上对ＡＩＶ进行早期快速诊断和流行病学调查  相似文献   

6.
用ＳＰＦ鸡胚繁殖新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）Ｆ４６Ｅ９株（强毒）、ＬａＳｏｔａＥ４株（弱毒）、对病毒进行纯一提ＲＮＡ。用１对均为２７个碱基的引物进行ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ，扩增出了２个毒株的融合蛋白裂解位点（Ｆｃ）基因。将Ｆｃ基因定向克隆人ｐＵＣＬａＦｃ，用ＥｃｏＲＩ／Ｓａｌ Ｉ双酶切法、ＰｓｔＩ单酶切法、ＰＣＲ法和核酸探针法对其进行了鉴定。将鉴定好的ＬａＳｏｔａＥ４Ｆｃ基因定向导入表达载体质粒ｐＢＶ２２１，ａｑｔ  相似文献   

7.
本文应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术从构建的新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）ｃＤＮＡ文库中扩增含编码Ｆ糖蛋白前体──Ｆｏ酶切位点序列的３５９ｂｐ的Ｆ蛋白基因ｃＤＮＡ片段。将此３５９ｂｐｃＤＮＡ片段经光敏生物素标记后,即成ＮＤＶ－ｃＤＮＡ探针。该探针能特异性地从感染的尿囊液中检测出ＮＤＶ强毒株和疫苗毒株的基因组ＲＮＡ,而不与ＩＢＤｖ－ｄｓＲＮＡ、ＡＩＢｖ－ｓｓＲＮＡ、ＥＤＳ７６－ｄｓＤＮＡ、ＭＤＶ－ｄｓＤＮＡ,ＦＰＶ－ｄｓＲＮＡ及ＡＩＬＶ－ｄｓＤＮＡ发生交叉杂交反应。试验结果表明：尽管该探钎含有编码Ｆｏ蛋白酶切位点序列的碱基顺序,但它还是不能把ＮＤＶ的强、弱毒株区分开。这说明ＮＤＶ强、弱毒株比区域内的碱基存在着相当大的同源性。不过,此探针对ＮＤＶ来说具有特异性,这就为ＮＤＶ的诊断技术开创了基因水平检测的新途径。  相似文献   

8.
鸡传染性支气管炎病毒SY毒株S1基因的RT-PCR扩增与克隆   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
利用 ＩＢＶ Ｓ１基因特异性寡聚核苷酸引物,经 ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术扩增鸡传染性支气管炎病毒 ＳＹ毒株 Ｓ１基因,得到预期的１．７ｋｂ片段。并将扩增所得ｃＤＮＡ插入克隆质粒载体ｐＵＣ１９的ＥｃｏＲⅠ／ＢａｍＨⅠ酶切位点,在大肠杆菌ＤＨ_(5a)中实现目的基因的克隆,获得ＳＹ毒株Ｓ１基因重组质粒。  相似文献   

9.
利用反转录套式聚合酶链反应技术从北京地区３株鸡性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）分离株中扩增出１０５４ｂｐＳ１基因高变区。利用限制性内切酶ＳｉｎＩ和ＰｓｔⅠ的酶切位点分析图谱进一步证实了ＲＴ－ｎｅｓｔｅｄＰＣＲ的特异性。将３段Ｓ１基因分别克隆到ＰＵＣ１９质粒中,获得重组质粒ＰＵＣＩＢＶＳ１－ＢＪ１,ＰＵＣＩＢＶＳ１－ＢＪ２和ＰＵＣＩＢＶＳ１－ＢＪ３。  相似文献   

10.
应用RT—PCR技术扩增禽传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
选择Ｓ１基因做为目的基因,运用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术分别扩增１２株以非免疫鸡胚繁殖并通过超速离心浓缩的鸡胚尿囊液中的ＩＢＶ,所用引物为ＩＢＶ Ｂｅａｕｄｅｔｔｅ株Ｓ１基因两侧的对应序列,跨幅为１．７２ｋｂ。结果６株ＩＢＶ毒株（ＳＡＩＢ３、Ｆ、Ｄ４１、Ｈ５２、Ｈｏｌｔｅ）扩增出了长约１．７ｋｂ的Ｓ１基因片段,而另６株ＩＢＶ毒株虽经４次ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ重复后也显阴性。用ＨａｅⅢ内切酶对６个毒株的ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ产物  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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