断奶仔猪腹泻病因分析     

郑龙龙  朱玲云  陈关雄  刘萍丹  唐宁  赵德育  刘佳  杨贵树  白卫兵 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(10):2772-2778

为了解云南省断奶仔猪腹泻的致病性原因,通过对30个发生断奶仔猪腹泻猪场的210份粪便、60份饮用水,总计270份样品,进行病毒及致病性细菌分析。研究结果表明,致病性大肠杆菌严重污染饮用水,致病性大肠杆菌在饮用水中检出40株,阳性率为66.7%,粪便中检出100株,阳性率47.6%;致病性沙门氏菌在饮用水中检出10株,阳性率为16.7%,粪便中检出24株,阳性率为11.4%,均对亚胺培南敏感。在粪便中猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)、猪圆环病毒2型(porcine circovirous type 2,PCV2)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)、猪瘟病毒(classical swine fever virus,CSFV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)及猪轮状病毒(porcine rotavirus,PoRV)的PCR扩增阳性率为5.2%~13.0%,在饮用水中未检出。通过对云南省断奶仔猪腹泻进行病因分析,了解断奶仔猪腹泻的具体原因,本试验结果为从病因入手防制该病提供更合理、更切合实际情况的理论依据与试验参考。  相似文献   

不同病例动物源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及16SrDNA同源性分析     

方光远  茅慧华  蒋加进  顾亚凤  晏文梅  戴鼎震  郭宇飞 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3126-3132

为研究不同病例发病动物的发病原因,并对不同病例病料分离出的细菌进行16S rDNA同源性分析,本试验对10种不同病例发病动物病料进行细菌分离培养并对分离获得的细菌进行微生物学鉴定,设计1对16S rDNA基因引物,对分离出的10株细菌进行PCR扩增、测序及16S rDNA同源性分析。结果显示,分离获得的10株细菌经微生物学鉴定均为大肠杆菌,10株大肠杆菌中哺乳类动物病例犬乳房炎、犬子宫蓄脓、犬肺炎、犬皮肤化脓疮、奶牛乳房炎、犊牛腹泻6株大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性为100.0%,家禽类动物病例肉鸽腹泻、肉鸡腹泻、野鸡腹泻和白孔雀腹泻4株大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性也为100.0%,10株不同病例动物来源大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性为97.5%~100.0%。本试验探明了10种不同病例发病动物的发病原因均为大肠杆菌感染引起,且10株大肠杆菌16S rDNA之间具有高度同源性。  相似文献   

新疆地区腹泻仔猪源大肠杆菌的分群、血清型鉴定及耐药性分析     

佟盼盼  黄顺敏  王芋丹  施旭辉  陈文霞  宋鑫龙  张毅  苏战强  谢金鑫 《畜牧兽医学报》2023,54(1):414-420

旨在了解新疆地区腹泻仔猪源大肠杆菌的系统进化分群、血清型及耐药性。本研究对154份腹泻仔猪粪便样品进行大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,采用多重PCR方法对分离株进行系统进化分群和O血清型鉴定,通过K-B纸片法对其进行药物敏感性检测并通过PCR方法进行耐药基因检测。结果显示：共分离到154株大肠杆菌,包括ETEC(n=24)、STEC(n=21)、EPEC(n=1)、EPEC/STEC(n=2)、ETEC/STEC(n=1)和ETEC/EPEC(n=1),其他104株。系统进化分群显示,多数菌株属于B1(37%)和A群(31%)。定型菌株44株,分别属于10种血清型,以O154、O12、O8、O141和O175为主要流行血清型。151株(98%)为多重耐药菌,对复方新诺明、四环素、氨苄西林、链霉素和氯霉素的耐药率为81%～100%,对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢噻肟、庆大霉素、头孢曲松、环丙沙星和阿米卡星的耐药率为31%～66%,对左氧氟沙星、多黏菌素B、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、氨苄西林-舒巴坦、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦和亚胺培南的耐药率为1%～19%。耐药基因tetA(88%)、tetG(60%)和cmlA(4...  相似文献   

犊牛腹泻源大肠杆菌耐药情况及HPI相关基因的检测     

高海慧  黎玉琼  高小斐  王培柱  吴学青  康晓冬  梁小军 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(6):1942-1951

本研究旨在明确犊牛腹泻源性大肠杆菌的耐药情况、强毒力岛（HPI）标志基因及相关基因的携带情况，以及大肠杆菌分离株与HPI携带的关系。采集犊牛病理性腹泻样本158份，采用麦康凯培养基和伊红美蓝培养基进行筛选，镜检符合大肠杆菌形态的进行VITEK 2 Compact生化鉴定和PCR鉴定，采用K-B纸片法对大肠杆菌分离株进行药敏试验，应用PCR方法进行分离株HPI相关基因携带情况的检测。结果显示，共分离得到75株大肠杆菌，分离株对阿莫西林、哌拉西林、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、四环素的耐药率均>90%，对头孢氨苄、头孢拉定、头孢曲松、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和氧氟沙星的耐药率均≥ 60.00%，对阿米卡星较敏感，耐药率为9.33%；75株大肠杆菌全部耐3种以上药物，多重耐药（≥ 10）的菌株占85.33%，耐药谱集中在耐14~17种药物，5株对19种药物全部耐药。HPI标志基因irp2的阳性率为100%，其他相关基因fyuA、irp3、irp5、irp8和ytbA的检出率在66.00%以上。综上所述，宁夏地区犊牛腹泻源性大肠杆菌耐药普遍，多重耐药现象严重。  相似文献   

The effectiveness of inactivated vaccines applied parenterally to sows to control Escherichia coli diarrhea in piglets in an industrial fattening farm     

D Ciosek  M Truszczy&#x;ski  M Jagodzi&#x;ski 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1983,6(4):313-319

Different vaccines against Escherichia coli diarrhea of piglets were applied parenterally in pregnant sows at an industrial fattening farm. The following vaccines were used: vaccine No. 1 with non-complete Freund's adjuvant. Tween 80 and Arlacel A, comprising O149:K91,K88; O139:K82; O8:K87,K88; O141:K85,K88; and O64:K? E. coli serotypes; vaccine No. 2 with paraffin oil instead of Freund's adjuvant, comprising the same E. coli serotypes as the vaccine No. 1; stable specific vaccine with 10% aluminium hydroxide, based on E. coli serotypes most frequently isolated from piglets which died at the farm (O149:K91,K88; O8:K87,K88; O20:K17; O64:K?); Gletvax K88 (Wellcome) and NOBI-VAC LT-K88 (Intervet International). The number of piglets which died up to the moment of weaning in comparison to the number of born ones was considered as an indicator of acquired protection. It was found that the most effective in conferring protection against E. coli diarrhea were: vaccine No. 1 and NOBI-VAC. The differences in the mortality rate between piglets originating from sows vaccinated with these vaccines and those from unvaccinated ones were statistically significant (P < 0.05). No significant differences were noted between controls and animals vaccinated with the remaining vaccines.  相似文献   

穿心莲内酯干混悬剂对人工感染大肠杆菌致肉鸡腹泻的药效评价     

李江北  杨霞  傅嘉莉  李美娣  邱电  陈建新  武力 《畜牧兽医学报》2021,52(11):3246-3259

本试验旨在评价穿心莲内酯干混悬剂对大肠杆菌感染致肉鸡腹泻的治疗效果,为其临床应用提供试验依据。选取12日龄健康试验鸡300只,随机分为5个组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只。包括空白对照组、大肠杆菌ETECO101攻毒组、大肠杆菌攻毒加100和200 mg·L^-1穿心莲内酯干混悬剂及60 mg·L^-1粘菌素组。肉鸡15日龄通过腹腔注射0.2 mL含5×10⁸ cfu·mL^-1 ETECO101的生理盐水感染细菌,空白对照组腹腔注射0.2 mL生理盐水。细菌感染前3 d开始通过饮水给药,早、晚各给药1次,每次每个重复700 mL,连续给药至攻菌后第3天停止给药。每组随机选取1个重复,于攻菌后24 h和第5天分别选取6只鸡采血、剖检和取组织样,用于肝组织病理学观察、小肠微结构分析、免疫器官指数测定和血液生化指标分析。每组剩余3个重复（45只）试验至攻菌后第7天,计算存活率、粪便评分、平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）,以评价药物的药效。结果显示,相对于ETECO101组,药物含量为100和200 mg·L^-1的穿心莲内酯干混悬剂组肉鸡存活率分别提高13.3和17.8个百分点（P<0.05）,减轻大肠杆菌感染导致的腹泻,显著提高肉鸡ADG （P<0.01）和ADFI（P<0.01）;200 mg·L^-1穿心莲内酯干混悬剂组显著地增加了攻菌后24 h肉鸡脾脏和法氏囊指数（P<0.01）,降低了攻菌后第5天肉鸡血清中球蛋白（GLB）和白蛋白（ALB）含量（P<0.05）,有效地抑制肉鸡血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量的增加,提高肉鸡血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力（P<0.01）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活力（P<0.01）。同时,200 mg·L^-1穿心莲内酯干混悬剂组可显著改善肉鸡空肠绒毛高度（P<0.05）,以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值。综上所述,饮水中添加穿心莲内酯干混悬剂可减少大肠杆菌感染导致的鸡死亡,改善肉鸡生长性能、血清氧化应激状态和空肠肠道形态,提高法氏囊指数,对大肠杆菌感染而导致的肉鸡腹泻具有显著疗效。  相似文献   

致病性大肠杆菌HPI对Caspase-1细胞焦亡相关分子表达的影响     

茶金龙  刘超英  高洪  王世玉  单春兰  景麟稀  王浩  杨伟 《中国畜牧兽医》2019,46(11):3181-3189

为研究云南撒坝猪致病性大肠杆菌高致病性毒力岛（HPI）致猪源巨噬细胞焦亡的分子机制,本试验以云南撒坝猪致病性大肠杆菌HPI阳性株感染猪源巨噬细胞为切入点,从云南楚雄州某规模养殖场采集撒坝猪仔猪黄白痢的粪便,对大肠杆菌进行分离纯化,并通过PCR技术对HPI irp2基因进行检测,分别以HPI阳性株（HPI⁺）和阴性株（HPI^-）感染巨噬细胞,并设立LPS+ATP组和空白对照组,于0.5和6 h收集各组细胞及其上清。应用实时荧光定量PCR法检测不同组Caspase-1、IL-1β和IL-18 mRNA表达水平的变化;应用ELISA检测细胞上清pro-IL-1β、pro-IL-18、IL-1β和IL-18含量的变化。结果显示,试验成功分离得到致病性大肠杆菌,经PCR检测成功获得HPI irp2基因阳性株,经实时荧光定量PCR法检测后发现HPI⁺组、HPI^-组与空白对照组相比,Caspase-1、IL-1β和IL-18 mRNA表达水平均呈上调趋势,且HPI⁺组高于HPI^-组。ELISA检测结果显示,与空白对照组相比,HPI⁺组和HPI^-组pro-IL-1β、pro-IL-18、IL-1β和IL-18的蛋白表达量普遍呈上调趋势,且HPI⁺组均高于HPI^-组。结果表明,云南撒坝猪致病性大肠杆菌HPI可通过上调猪源巨噬细胞中Caspase-1、IL-1β和IL-18 mRNA的表达量促进猪源巨噬细胞炎性因子IL-1β和IL-18的释放,诱发炎症,最终促进猪源巨噬细胞发生细胞焦亡。  相似文献   

Occurrence of fimbriae and enterotoxins in Escherichia coli strains isolated from piglets in Poland.     

J Osek  M Truszczyński 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1992,15(4):285-292

1125 and 1146 E. coli strains isolated from suckling and weaned piglets with diarrhea, respectively, and 724 strains from healthy piglets were tested for the presence of fibriae and production of enterotoxins. The fimbriae were determined by hemagglutination and slide agglutination tests, enterotoxins—by the use of ileal loop test in piglets (LT and STb enterotoxins) and suckling mouse assay (STa enterotoxin). It was found that 72.8 and 53.0% strains, isolated from diseased suckling and weaned piglets, respectively, possessed specific fimbrial hemagglutinins, in most cases with K88 antigen. Additionally, 987P fimbriae were detected in 14.0 and 0.7% strains isolated from piglets with diarrhea. Only 5 strains (0.7%) recovered from healthy piglets had specific fimbriae, usually with undetermined antigenic structure. F1 fimbriae (called common or unspecific) were found in strains isolated both from diseased (15.2 and 16.3% strains, respectively) and healthy piglets (27.1% strains). It was noted that the strains isolated from suckling and weaned piglets with diarrhea in most cases were enterotoxigenic (90.5 and 69.1% strains, respectively) and most frequently produced heat-labile toxin LT alone or with STb. 18.5% of enterotoxigenic strains isolated from healthy piglets produced STa toxin.  相似文献   

六十二株水貂源大肠杆菌分离株耐药表型与耐药基因及克隆菌群分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

蒋智宇  王凡  杨溢  衣首静  杨杰  鞠孜敬  宋艳  朱国强  孙淑红 《畜牧兽医学报》2019,50(12):2498-2508

为了调查诸城地区某水貂养殖场粪便源大肠杆菌的表观及其分子特征,采集某个水貂养殖场的水貂粪便进行大肠杆菌分离鉴定,对分离鉴定的大肠杆菌进行血清型鉴定和对14种常见抗菌药物的耐药表型鉴定;使用PCR检测耐药基因以及Ⅰ整合子基因盒的携带情况,利用多位点序列分型（MLST）来分析菌株的克隆关系并构建系统发育树来分析相同克隆群菌株的遗传相似性。结果显示,自82份水貂粪便样品分离到62株大肠杆菌,分离率75.61%;大肠杆菌分离株对AMP和TET的耐药率超过90%,多重耐药菌株（MDR）占比为85.48%。PCR检测到5类耐药基因的存在,qnrS检出率最高,为61.29%（38/62）;aaC2、aaC4、sul1和aac（6'）-Ib-cr耐药基因与菌株产生相应的耐药抗性存在一致性（P<0.01）。分离菌株中Ⅰ类整合子可变区域的优势结构为dfrA27-aadA2-qnrA。鉴定出致病性血清型的存在,且对应菌株都具有多重耐药性,优势血清型为O104：H4。分离株中存在33个STs,ST46为优势STs（16.13%）,具有3个主要克隆群,依次为CC10、CC46和CC176;与致病性相关菌株的STs和人源大肠杆菌具有共同的遗传背景。本研究表明,养殖场的水貂受到致病性和多重耐药性大肠杆菌的污染,相同克隆群菌株的耐药基因分布具有多态性,表观特征差异明显。  相似文献   

陕西地区羊源致病性大肠杆菌耐药性分析与毒力基因检测     

赵学亮  王斌  苗永强  赵浩宇  谢青芳  王娟  杨增岐 《畜牧兽医学报》2022,53(5):1644-1648

旨在了解陕西省部分地区腹泻羊源致病性大肠杆菌(E. coli)耐药性及毒力基因携带情况,本研究从10个养殖场采集54份腹泻羊拭子样品,经分离纯化、生化鉴定及16S rRNA基因序列分析,共分离得到50株E. coli,对分离菌进行药敏试验、耐药基因及毒力基因检测。结果显示,分离菌对氨苄西林、氟苯尼考和磺胺异噁唑耐药率达90%以上,且98%(49/50)为多重耐药菌,对8~11种抗生素耐药的菌株占68%(34/50),仅对美罗培南敏感。所有菌株均携带1~6种不同的耐药基因,其中,Sul1(64%)、TetA(34%)、bla_CTX-M(32%)携带率较高,未检测到bla_SHV。有5株产ESBLs的E. coli携带mcr-1耐药基因。毒力基因检测结果显示,98%(49/50)的菌株携带毒力基因,其中,etrA检出率最高,为80%(40/50)。综上表明,陕西省羊源E. coli多重耐药情况严峻,β-内酰胺类耐药基因与耐药表型不符,提示可能存在其他耐药机制,同时,分离菌具有复杂的毒力谱。本研究为陕西省羊源致病性E. coli感染的防控提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Mucosal immunization of piglets with purified F18 fimbriae does not protect against F18+ Escherichia coli infection   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Verdonck F  Tiels P  van Gog K  Goddeeris BM  Lycke N  Clements J  Cox E 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,120(3-4):69-79

Post-weaning diarrhoea and oedema disease in weaned piglets are caused by infection with F4⁺ or F18⁺ Escherichia coli strains. There is no commercial vaccine available, but it is shown that oral immunization of weaned piglets with purified F4 fimbriae induces a protective mucosal immune response. In the present study, piglets were orally and nasally immunized with purified F18 fimbriae in the presence of the mucosal adjuvant LT(R192G) or CTA1-DD, respectively. This immunization could not lead to protection against F18⁺ E. coli infection. The induced F18-specific immune response was directed towards the major subunit FedA and weakly towards the adhesive subunit FedF. The results of these experiments demonstrate that it is difficult to induce protective immunity against F18+ E. coli using the whole fimbriae due to the low response against the adhesin.  相似文献   

鸭源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及致病性分析     

董洪燕  宋海港  朱善元  于圣青  谢军  洪双鹏  郭长明  徐海  高月秀 《中国畜牧兽医》2022,49(5):1977-1984

【目的】 了解江苏、江西、安徽地区鸭源大肠杆菌的分布以及致病性情况。【方法】 本研究对江苏、江西、安徽地区的病死鸭进行了鸭源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,运用PCR结合玻片凝集法测定鸭源大肠杆菌分离株的血清型,并进行了18种毒力基因的PCR检测,随后进行雏鸭致病性试验,并对毒力较强和毒力较弱的菌株进行生长曲线以及半数致死量(LD₅₀)测定。【结果】 本研究共分离鉴定获得鸭源大肠杆菌74株,鉴定为O1、O2、O18、O78血清型的分别有1、2、2和4株,其余均未定型;18种毒力基因鉴定结果表明,ibeB、yijp、OmpA和mat基因检出率分别为97.3%、97.3%、95.95%和90.54%。动物致病性试验结果表明,经10⁷ CFU/只攻毒后,74株分离株均引起雏鸭不同程度发病,但仅有2株对雏鸭致死率≥50%。生长曲线测定结果表明,2株强毒株与2株弱毒株的生长速度无显著差异(P>0.05),2株强毒株的LD₅₀分别为10^4.75和10^7.375 CFU。【结论】 本研究分离的74株鸭源大肠杆菌O1、O2、O18和O78型仅占12.16%,毒力基因谱分布广泛,但仅有2株毒力较强,该研究为鸭源大肠杆菌病的预防控制以及研究血清型、毒力基因与致病性之间的相互关系奠定基础。  相似文献   

复合乳酸菌制剂对犊牛生长、肠道菌群与免疫性能的影响     

复合乳酸菌制剂对犊牛生长肠道菌群与免疫性能的影响 《畜牧与饲料科学》2022,43(6):14-21

[目的]研究复合乳酸菌制剂对犊牛生长、肠道菌群、抗氧化及免疫性能的影响。[方法]选取体重相近的30日龄健康荷斯坦犊牛20头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组10头。对照组与试验组饲喂相同的基础日粮,试验组饮水中添加复合乳酸菌制剂（饮水与复合乳酸菌制剂调配比例为50∶1）,对照组不添加,试验期为90 d。计算2组犊牛试验期间平均日增重、腹泻率;分别于试验1、30、60、90 d测定粪便中细菌总数以及乳酸菌和大肠杆菌数量,并测定血液生化、抗氧化与免疫指标。[结果]试验组犊牛的平均日增重与对照组相比无显著（P>0.05）差异,腹泻率低于对照组。试验组犊牛粪样中的乳酸菌数量达到1.41×10⁷ CFU/g,显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,而大肠杆菌数量显著（P<0.05）低于对照组。在试验30、90 d时,试验组犊牛血清中的葡萄糖（GLU）含量显著（P<0.05）高于对照组;在试验60、90 d时,试验组犊牛血清中的总蛋白（TP）含量显著（P<0.05）低于对照组。2组犊牛的抗氧化指标均无显著（P>0.05）差异。在试验90 d时,试验组犊牛的血清IgG、IgA含量高于对照组。[结论]饮水中添加复合乳酸菌制剂可以改善荷斯坦犊牛肠道菌群结构并降低腹泻率。  相似文献   

东南沿海地区水禽源大肠杆菌耐药表型及耐药基因型的调查     

刘凯迪  罗华东  王琳琳  王长珍  王民歌  廖晓萍 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(12):4690-4701

为研究水禽中大肠杆菌的耐药表型及耐药基因型,本研究从中国广东、福建、浙江、江苏和山东5个省市的水禽养殖场及周边环境中采集鸭粪便样品、水样以及土样1 505份,采用选择性培养基和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间(MALDI-TOF-MS)质谱分离鉴定大肠杆菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法检测耐药表型,采用PCR方法筛选大肠杆菌中的25种耐药基因。结果显示,1 505份样品中共分离鉴定出449株大肠杆菌,分离率为29.8%,其中335份来源于粪便,52份来源于土壤,62份来源于水,这些样品中浙江(43.3%)和广东(43.2%)的分离率最高,其次是福建(28.1%)和江苏(23.8%),山东(18.3%)的分离率最低。449株大肠杆菌具有多重耐药性,对氨苄西林、环丙沙星、金霉素、氟苯尼考和磺胺类药物的耐药率分别为90.2%、50.3%、96.7%、87.3%和90.6%,而对替加环素和美罗培南则比较敏感,来源不同省份的大肠杆菌对不同抗菌药呈现出不同的耐药率。PCR检测结果发现,449株大肠杆菌中耐药基因tet(A)检出率最高(88.2%),随后是floR(58.13%)、sul2(57.02%)、tet(B)(53.9%)、cmlA(39.2%)和sul1(36.75%),未检测到qnrA、tet(M)和tet(X)耐药基因的大肠杆菌。在这5个省份中,上述耐药基因在山东省样品中分布均较高,而在浙江省和江苏省样品中分布较低。综上所述,本研究调查了中国东南沿海五省水禽及环境中大肠杆菌的耐药现状,为养殖业抗生素的规范使用提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Etiological Investigation of Diarrhea in Newborn Piglets and Molecular Characterization and Genetic Variation Analysis of ORF3 Gene of PEDV in North Guangdong     

NAN Wen-jin  HU Hong-hui  WU Jing-bo  HUANG Jian-qiang  PENG Guo-liang  XIAO Zheng-zhong 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(6):1769-1777

In order to understand the main pathogen of newborn piglets diarrhea in North Guangdong region, 31 diarrhea samples were collected from six pig farms in North Guangdong, the pathogen of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine rotavirus (PoRV) were detected by Real-time RT-PCR, meanwhile, ORF3 gene of PEDV amplified from positive samples were sequenced and analyzed. Pathogen detection results showed that 83.87%(26/31) samples were positive for PEDV, all herds and samples were negative for TGEV and PoRV. The sequence analysis revealed that the ORF3 gene of 5 epidemic strains of PEDV were all 675 bp, homologies of nucleotides were 98.7% to 100.0%, and homologies with reference sequences of nucleotides were 94.5% to 100.0%, and some gene mutation in common nucleotides site. The results of gene phylogenetic trees showed that PEDV could be divided into two groups, PEDV genetic relationship between field strains in North Guangdong and some regions in China, Southeast Asia, North America, Europe from 2013 to 2015 was closer, classed as a gene subgroup, from 2011 to 2012 main epidemic strains in our country and vaccine strains classed as other two gene subgroups. These results indicated that PEDV infection was the main pathogen of newborn piglets diarrhea in North Guangdong region, as time passed, the PEDV epidemic strains gene presented a tendency of evolution and variation.  相似文献   

乳仔猪腹泻发生的原因及规律     

唐志高  刘冲  赵小刚  禚梅  于青云  杜静 《中国畜牧兽医》2009,36(8):121-124

乳仔猪腹泻是集约化养猪生产条件下最常见的一种典型的多因素性疾病,也是实际生产中对乳仔猪危害最大的,能引起乳仔猪死亡的重要疾病之一。乳仔猪腹泻的原因很多,但时常不能准确、全面的分析。作者主要从营养、疾病和环境3方面对乳仔猪腹泻的发生进行阐述,并对乳仔猪腹泻发生的一般规律进行总结。  相似文献   

禽腺病毒4型云南株分离鉴定及Hexon基因序列分析     

薛晓岩  张振兴  曾毅  季佳  代红炀  李素华  宋建领 《中国畜牧兽医》2022,49(10):3932-3942

【目的】分析云南省家禽及野鸟禽腺病毒4型(Fowl adenovirus-4,FAdV-4)流行情况、Hexon基因差异性及致病性,为研究FAdV-4流行及Hexon基因对病毒毒力的影响提供参考。【方法】2020年1月―2021年6月在云南省昆明市、曲靖市、楚雄州、大理州、红河州、玉溪市等家禽养殖密集区采集疑似感染FAdV-4家禽肝脏组织样品158份,候鸟迁徙地采集野鸟新鲜粪便310份,采用PCR技术检测FAdV-4核酸,对获得的代表性阳性样品进行病原分离鉴定,并对分离毒株进行致病性及Hexon基因序列分析。【结果】家禽肝脏组织样品中检出FAdV-4核酸阳性样品19份,阳性率为12.03%(19/158);黑颈鹤粪便样品中检出核酸阳性样品1份,阳性率为0.3%(1/310)。从FAdV-4核酸阳性样品中分离到7株FAdV-4,致病性研究结果显示,FAdV-4云南分离株均能致鸡胚发育不良,引起4周龄肉鸡发生心包积液-肝炎综合征,鸡胚半数致死量(ELD₅₀)为10^―6.17~10^―4.32/mL。7株分离株均聚类于FAdV-C亚群,Hexon蛋白与国内FAdV-4高致病性毒株具有相同的¹⁸⁸R、¹⁹³R、¹⁹⁵Q特征。分离株感染SPF鸡后,临床症状明显,具有高致病性且高致死率,肝细胞病变明显。【结论】研究初步掌握了云南FAdV-4的流行情况,首次在黑颈鹤粪便中检测到FAdV-4病原核酸,分离获得7株FAdV-4,部分毒株Hexon蛋白存在氨基酸突变。  相似文献   

广西某地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性及部分菌株耐药基因调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李崇  陈韵如  李沁媚  孙俊颖  安朝霞  覃凤林  陈心瑜  沈水宝  司红彬 《中国畜牧兽医》2019,46(12):3749-3758

试验旨在探究广西某地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药性及部分菌株所含耐药基因情况,为预防及治疗动物性大肠杆菌类疾病提供参考。采用麦康凯琼脂培养基及伊红美蓝琼脂培养基初步鉴定、显微镜镜检、分子生物学16S rRNA鉴定、药物敏感性二倍肉汤微量稀释法等方法进行大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,并结合PCR相关技术对部分菌株的三十余种耐药基因进行检测。结果显示,从广西某地区采集的猪源病料中共分离得到65株猪源大肠杆菌,其均为多重耐药大肠杆菌且多集中于六重耐药与七重耐药。按所耐抗菌药物的种类分析发现其对β-内酰胺类、磺胺类、大环内酯类药物具有较高耐药性,耐药率分别98.46%、90.77%及84.62%,进一步分析发现其主要是对头孢噻呋钠、阿莫西林、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、阿奇霉素等抗菌药物具有较高耐药性,对美罗培南、阿米卡星、黏杆菌素较为敏感。对部分菌株所含耐药基因进行整理发现,其多含有四环素类（tetA、tetM）、β-内酰胺类（CTX-m-u）及磺胺类（Sul2）耐药基因。综上所述发现广西地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性情况较为严重,所含耐药基因也相对较多,因此在实际生产中需采用联合用药等相关措施进行疾病治疗以达到快速高效治疗疾病的目的。  相似文献   

Effect of weaning age, protein nutrition and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenge on the health of newly weaned piglets     

I.J. Wellock  P.D. Fortomaris  J.G.M. Houdijk  I. Kyriazakis   《Livestock Science》2007,108(1-3):102-105

The objective of this experiment was to determine whether decreasing dietary protein content and increasing weaning age could improve piglet health and decrease the occurrence and severity of post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC) in the absence of in-feed antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs). The experiment consisted of a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial combination of weaning age (4 vs 6 weeks), dietary protein content (H vs L; 230 vs 130 g CP/kg) and experimental enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenge (+ vs −). On day 3 post-weaning half of the piglets were challenged per os with 10⁹ cfu ETEC. A sample of piglets was euthanased on days 0 and 6 to assess digesta pH and lactobacilli to coliform (L:C) ratio. ETEC excretion persisted longer in the 4-week-weaned piglets than those weaned at 6 weeks (P = 0.003), and the numbers of ETEC shed tended to be higher on the H than L diet, especially in the 4-week-weaned piglets (P = 0.093). Decreasing protein level led to significantly firmer faeces, decreased pH and increased L:C ratio of proximal colon digesta. These results suggest that in the absence of AGPs, increasing weaning age and decreasing dietary protein level, especially in earlier weaned piglets, may help to minimize the effects of PWC.  相似文献   

The F18 fimbrial adhesin FedF is highly conserved among F18+Escherichia coli isolates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Tiels P  Verdonck F  Smet A  Goddeeris B  Cox E 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,110(3-4):277-283

F18⁺ Escherichia coli cause postweaning diarrhoea and oedema disease in newly weaned piglets. Protection against these diseases can be established by preventing the fimbrial adhesion of these bacteria to the enterocytes of the porcine intestine. To test a vaccine against F18⁺ E. coli consisting of the adhesin of F18 fimbriae, FedF, the conservation of the FedF subunit had to be examined. Therefore, the fedF sequence of 37 F18⁺ E. coli isolates from different countries was determined and compared to the fedF gene of the F18ab reference strain F107/86. The amino acid sequence of the mature FedF from the individual F18⁺ E. coli isolates was 96–100% identical to that from E. coli F107/86, but the overall homology was 90.4%. Hyper variable regions were not found in the FedF sequence. The FedF sequence was conserved over the different countries and between the two antigenic variants, F18ab and F18ac, suggesting that F18ab and F18ac strains have the same receptor. Furthermore, the conserved C-terminal region in the FedF adhesin suggests that the F18 fimbriae, in analogy with type 1 and P pili, are assembled by a donor strand mechanism. In conclusion, the reported conservation of FedF supports the usefulness of the fimbrial adhesin as a subunit vaccine against F18⁺ E. coli infection.  相似文献