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动物的蛋氨酸营养研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
蛋氨酸是动物生长所必需的氨基酸之一,是必需氨基酸中唯一的含硫氨基酸,动物体内有80种以上的反应都需要蛋氨酸参与,被誉为"生命性氨基酸"。直到1928年才确认其结构。此后,人们对蛋氨酸的营养代谢进行了大量的研究。在以植物性蛋白饲料为动物蛋白主要来源的日粮中,蛋氨酸常常是猪的第二、鸡的第一、反刍动物的第一限制性氨基酸。 相似文献
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蛋氨酸羟基类似物的主要作用及其生物学效价的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
<正>蛋氨酸是合成蛋白质的一种重要的必需氨基酸,它主要存在于动物性蛋白中,在植物性蛋白中含量较少。它在体内不能直接合成或合成速度不能满足动物的需要,因此,只能靠外源补充来满足动物对蛋氨酸的需要。蛋氨酸是家禽玉米—豆粕型日粮的第一限制性氨基酸,也是以玉米为主要基础日粮的高产奶牛机体中乳和乳蛋白合成的第一限制性氨基酸,还是猪的第二限制性氨基酸。随着我国畜牧业的飞速发展, 相似文献
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蛋氨酸是动物的一种重要的必需氨基酸。蛋氨酸羟基类似物可在动物体内转化为蛋氨酸并发挥其营养作用。此外,它还可用做反刍动物的过瘤胃蛋白源和仔猪日粮的酸化剂,能抑菌杀菌、减少热应激,并可减少氮的排泄,保护环境。本文重点从蛋氨酸羟基类似物的消化吸收机制、对动物的主要生物学作用和生物学效价的评定3方面进行综述。 相似文献
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蛋氨酸是禽类所必需的氨基酸之一,它往往是禽类日粮的第一限制性氨基酸。蛋氨酸含量不足,一方面会导致禽类出现蛋氨酸缺乏症,另一方面会影响其他氨基酸的利用率,最终导致动物的生产能力降低。蛋氨酸作为蛋白饲料的强化剂在养禽业中发挥越来越重要的作用,尤其是在当今... 相似文献
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黄婷 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2021,(3):198-198
当家禽饲料中粗蛋白、动物蛋白长期缺乏,或体内氨基酸的分解、转化利用在病理状态下受到影响时,限制性氨基酸(赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸)会对动物体内利用其他氨基酸合成蛋白质的过程产生明显的限制和制约,长期缺乏时可引起动物明显的生理及代谢机能紊乱,以致其他氨基酸不能正常发挥合成蛋白作用,而是在体内分解后随尿液排出体外。 相似文献
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乌骨鸡育成期蛋氨酸需要水平研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
蛋白质是动物生命活动的重要物质,是由20几种氨基酸组成,蛋白质的营养价值取决于其氨基酸组成及平衡状况。所谓氨基酸平衡是指日粮中各种必需氨基酸的数量和相互间的比例与动物需要相一致,只有这样氨基酸才能被有效利用。任何一种氨基酸量的比例不符平衡要求都会降低饲料蛋白质利用率。因此,在饲料中针对蛋白氨基酸含量情况添加适当种类和数量的氨基酸符合某种动物需要的氨基酸平衡,对饲养效益具有重要意义。如果饲料中缺少某一种或几种必需氨基酸,特别是赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸时,动物会生长停滞,体重下降,影响日粮的消化利用率。… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献