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研究猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)细胞培养物的超速离心及鉴定方法.将TGEV的细胞培养物用饱和硫酸氨法浓缩后,用200 g/kg～500 g/kg蔗糖密度梯度离心分装,测定蛋白浓度并取峰值管进行RT-PCR,并设立15、25、35三个不同循环参数测定PCR产物volume值.结果表明,在35个循环条件下第14号样品PCR产物的volume值最大,表明该样品病毒核酸的含量最大,由此推算病毒粒子主要集中在360 g/kg～380 g/kg蔗糖区带处,这与理论值相符,证明猪传染性胃肠炎病毒经密度区带离心后,利用PCR产物量确定目的病毒区带效果显著. 相似文献
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将在不同时间、地域从传染性法氏囊病 (IBD)发病鸡群中获得的 15个IBDV株分别用SPF鸡、鸡胚和鸡胚成纤维细胞增殖 ,经氯仿处理后 ,采用聚乙二醇沉淀、超速离心和不连续蔗糖密度梯度离心的方法纯化病毒 ,检测表明 ,病毒主要分布于 40 %蔗糖层。对纯化病毒进行SDS_PAGE分析 ,结果显示 ,病毒结构蛋白VP2 在不同毒株表达量有较大差异。本实验为IB DV主要保护性抗原VP2 高表达疫苗的研究奠定了基础 相似文献
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伪狂犬病病毒北京株的纯化及电镜观察 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
将伪狂犬病病毒（ＰｒＶ）北京株细胞培养物经超速离心沉淀后，用质量分数３０％、３５％、４０％、４５％蔗糖密度梯度离心，收集病毒蛋白带，经１０ｇ／Ｌ醋酸负负染色后电镜观察病毒粒子形态。结果表明，病毒粒子主要集中于３５－４０％蔗糖界面处，有囊膜病毒粒子直径约为１５０－２１０ｎｍ，无囊膜病毒粒子直径约为１００－１６０ｎｍ，证明上述纯化ＰｒＶ的方法是可行的，为今后建立分抗ＰｒＶ杂交瘤细胞株及开展基因工程抗 相似文献
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不同传染性法氏囊病病毒结构蛋白VP2表达差异性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将在不同时间、地域从传染性法氏囊病（IBD）发病鸡群中获得的15个IBDV株分别用SPF鸡、鸡胚和鸡胚成纤维细胞增殖，经氯仿处理后，采用聚乙二醇沉淀、超速离心和不边疆蔗糖密度梯度离心的方法纯化病毒，检测表明，病毒主要分布于40%蔗糖层，对纯化病毒进行SDS-PAGE分析，结果显示，病毒结构蛋白VP2在不同毒株表达量有较大差异。本实验为IB-DV主要保护性抗原VP2高表达疫苗的研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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病毒的浓缩与纯化是病毒分子生物学和生物制品研究的主要内容,也是疾病诊断的常用 技术.超速离心法、密度梯度离心、超过滤法、层析法等提纯浓缩病毒的效果好,但其对设 备要求较高,而且操作较为复杂,难以在基层推广应用.而采用透析袋、红细胞吸附释放法 对新城疫病毒进行浓缩、提纯无需特殊设备,其操作简便,使浓缩后的病毒含量及纯度有了较大的提高,也便于进行该类病毒病的诊断与研究. 相似文献
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用蔗糖密度梯度离心法进行了禽脑脊髓炎病毒的纯化.将禽脑脊髓炎病毒(AEV)L2Z株、Van Roekel株和1143株分别经卵黄囊接种6日龄SPF鸡胚,接毒后13天,收集脑、消化道及胰腺,用玻璃匀浆器制成10%的组织悬液.组织悬液经3次反复冻融后,以4500r/min离心15min,取上清液.而后用氯仿处理,取水相,经冷冻真空浓缩,进行不连续蔗糖密度梯度离心.取出含AEV的组分,用PBS稀释后超速离心除去蔗糖,得到提纯的病毒.病毒样品经2%磷钨酸负染,于电镜下观察可见典型的病毒粒子,大小为24～28nm. 相似文献
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为实现H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)疫苗上下游过程的控制,本研究结合蔗糖密度梯度离心和SDS-PAGE灰度分析建立了H9N2亚型AIV纯化和病毒HA蛋白定量的方法。首先将收获的病毒原液经差速离心、PEG6000沉淀和蔗糖密度梯度离心分别进行澄清、浓缩和分离纯化;其次,采用改装过的高效液相色谱仪系统(HPLC)准确定位和收集病毒离心区带,并对该区带进行SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析,同时考察该收集方式的线性和重复性;然后,在此基础上优化病毒液的澄清工艺以提高病毒回收率;最后,观察还原SDS-PAGE分离的H9N2亚型AIV蛋白条带的共迁移情况并确定糖苷酶PNGase F脱糖基处理的最佳条件,采用Image J软件分析SDS-PAGE图谱中4个主要病毒蛋白条带(NP、HA1、M1和HA2)的灰度以确定流感病毒血凝素的含量。结果表明,HPLC收集的病毒离心区带的蛋白浓度与PEG6000浓缩的上清体积在8～32 mL范围内具有良好的线性关系(R~2=0.994),且该收集方式重复性好,批内和批间变异系数分别为1.29%和4.11%。病毒液经过澄清、浓缩和分离纯化后,最终的病毒回收率为79.55%。纯化的H9N2亚型AIV的蛋白浓度为1 000μg/mL时,经糖苷酶PNGase F脱糖基处理后便能得到条带清晰平整且分离良好的SDS-PAGE图谱。经灰度分析,HA含量占总病毒蛋白含量的46.18%。本研究初步建立了H9N2亚型AIV纯化和病毒HA蛋白定量的方法,为H9N2亚型AIV全病毒灭活疫苗的研发和生产提供了简单、准确的检测手段。 相似文献
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应用电镜技术的负染法直接观察粪便中病毒粒子,由于粪便中的各种杂质干扰,造成图象模糊的背景,影响对目的物的观察。去除这些杂质,最常用的方法为差异离心、密度梯度超速离心以及柱层析等。但这些方法操作复杂,需时较长。我们采用了磷酸氢钙(CaHPO_4)离子交换捕捉法纯化粪便中的病毒,方法简便易行、节省时间、纯化高度,适用于电镜快速鉴定,现介绍如下。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献