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1.
鸭肠炎病毒单克隆抗体的制备   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用差速离心和蔗糖密度梯度离心法提纯鸭肠炎病毒(DEV)鸭胚成纤维细胞适应毒，免疫BALB／c小鼠，取脾细胞与SP2／0骨髓瘤细胞融合，经间接ELISA筛选，有限稀释法3次克隆，获得了2株稳定分泌DEV单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株1B8和2G8。经鉴定，2株单克隆抗体分别为IgM和IgG1亚类，腹水ELISA效价均达到1：10^7以上。以2G8单抗腹水为材料，采用间接免疫荧光抗体技术对DEV标准毒感染的鸭胚成纤维细胞进行检测，结果表明，用该抗体可特异性检出接毒后6h感染细胞中的DEV，且感染后48h免疫荧光强度最高，该单抗与细胞成分和鸭肝炎病毒无交叉反应。将杂交瘤细胞冻存3和6个月，复苏后仍能稳定分泌单克隆抗体。  相似文献   

2.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
在MDBK细胞上增殖牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)HN-1株，用蔗糖密度梯度离心法纯化后免疫BALB／c小鼠，应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术，取脾细胞并与NS0骨髓瘤细胞融合，经间接ELISA筛选，3次有限稀释法克隆，得到4株能稳定分泌抗BVDV单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞株：3A8、3C7、3C11和3E9。经鉴定，3A8、3C7、3E9株为IgG1亚类，3C11株为IgG2a亚类；杂交瘤细胞的平均染色体数目为99条。3A8、3C7、3E9、3C11与BCV、BRV均无交叉反应，但3A8、3C7、3E9与HCV、BDV存在交叉反应，而3C11与HCV、BDV无交叉反应，3C11显示出较好的特异性；杂交瘤细胞培养上清液及小鼠腹水McAb的ELISA效价分别为1：1000和1：200000，该杂交瘤细胞连续培养20代后仍能稳定分泌抗体。这些McAb的获得为BVDV的研究及快速诊断方法的建立奠定了基础。  相似文献   

3.
以常规方法纯化H9亚型禽流感病毒，制备了两株分泌抗禽流感病毒H9亚型血凝素特异性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞11A5和1182，其上清ELISA效价均为1：10^4，腹水效价为1：10^7和1：10^6，HI效价上清分别为8、7log2，腹水效价均为15log2。采用HI方法证明其对禽流感病毒H9亚型的特异性，通过Western blot方法证明两株单抗都针对H9亚型禽流感病毒HA1蛋白。  相似文献   

4.
H9亚型禽流感病毒SD96株HA蛋白特异性单抗的制备及鉴定   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
本研究用H9N2亚型禽流感病毒分离株A／Chicken／Shandong／6／1996（CK／SD／6／96）免疫6周龄BALB／c雌性小鼠,取免疫后小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞SP2／0融合。采用血凝抑制（HI）和ELISA方法筛选阳性细胞克隆,连续多次克隆培养后获得3株能稳定分泌H9亚型HA特异性单抗的细胞株1F4C4、9F12D1、2C5H12。3株阳性杂交瘤细胞的培养上清及腹水对CK／SD／6／96的HI效价分别为2^6、2^4、2^1和2^12、2^10、2^7。特异性试验表明该3株单抗均不与其他主要禽类病毒和其他14个HA亚型的禽流感病毒发生交叉反应。1F4C4和2C5H12抗体亚类为IgG2b,9F12D1为IgG2a。这3株单抗对H9亚型不同抗原群流感毒株有不同程度的中和作用,表现出单抗识别抗原住点的差异性,为进一步研究H9亚型流感病毒的抗原性差异以及抗原识别提供了物质基础和条件。  相似文献   

5.
以纯化的PPV重组VP2蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过细胞融合技术,间接ELISA筛选和3次以上细胞克隆,获得了5株稳定分泌抗PPV VP2蛋白单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为2D5、1F11、2B4、3C8、1 H3。其染色体平均数均为87～102条,分泌抗体亚类4株为Ig M类,1株为IgG类,Western blot检测表明,5株单抗均识别猪细小病毒VP2蛋白;间接免疫荧光鉴定表明,5株单抗均与PPV全病毒发生反应;间接ELISA鉴定与其他相关病毒的交叉反应性表明,制备的5株单抗不与TEGV、PRV和PEDV反应,表明所制备的抗体与猪细小病毒具有较强的特异性反应。  相似文献   

6.
用提取的A型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素包涵体免疫BALB/c小鼠后,取小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合和克隆化,经间接ELISA筛选,共获得1A8,1C3,1D5,1D8,1F1,1H1和2E37株稳定分泌单克隆抗体（McAb)的杂交瘤细胞株,经鉴定,7株McAb的Ig亚类有IgG1(1D8),IgG3(1A8,1C3和2E3)和IgM（1D5,1F1和1H1）,细胞培养上清和腹水抗体效价分别为1：512-1：1024和1：10^6-1:10^8。尤为重要的是,2E3杂交瘤细胞株分泌的McAb不仅能够中和α毒素的磷脂酸C活性和溶血活性,而且能够对致死性腹腔感染小鼠产生良好的被动保护作用。  相似文献   

7.
采用纯化的H3N2亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)尿囊液作为免疫原免疫6～8周龄Balb/c小鼠,取免疫小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)融合,用间接ELISA方法筛选分泌抗SIV-H3N2的阳性细胞株,经克隆获得7株亲和力较高的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为1C9、2C5、2F10、3D3、4E8、5C7、5D12,用其制备的腹水ELISA效价可达1×106。通过抗体亚型测定,间接免疫荧光试验及免疫印迹试验分析鉴定,该7株单抗均为抗H3N2亚型SIV的特异性单克隆抗体,而且与其他亚型猪流感病毒、猪细小病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪圆环病毒和猪瘟病毒等均无交叉反应,为H3N2亚型SIV的鉴别诊断奠定了基础。  相似文献   

8.
禽流感病毒H7亚型血凝素单克隆抗体的制备   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
本实验用核酸疫苗免疫BALB/C小鼠.取免疫小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合,经三次克隆和间接ELISA筛选,获得ⅠA3、ⅠB3、ⅠC4和ⅠF7四株稳定分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株.通过间接ELISA测定,单抗效价范围是:细胞培养上清1:160～1:640,腹水为1:5×104～1:4×105;经ELISA法测定,四种单克隆抗体仅与试验的H7病毒株反应,而不能与禽流感H5亚型病毒、禽流感H9亚型病毒等反应;单抗的亚类鉴定结果表明,ⅠA3、Ⅰ B3、ⅠC4分泌的抗体为IgG1亚类,ⅠF7分泌的抗体为IgG2b亚类.  相似文献   

9.
用纯化的猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒(PRRSV)免疫Balb／c小鼠，应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术．取脾细胞与NSn骨髓瘤细胞融合，经间接ELISA筛选，3次有限稀释法克隆，得到1株能稳定分泌抗猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株：6Pg。经鉴定，该单抗为IgG1亚类，杂交瘤细胞的平均染色体数目为99条，杂交瘤细胞培养上清及小鼠腹水单克隆抗体的ELISA效价分别为1：256和1：20480。经Western-blot鉴定为针对N蛋白的单抗。6Pn株单克隆抗体与伪狂犬病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪细小病毒均不发生交叉反应，显示出良好的特异性。连续培养20代后能稳定分泌抗体。此单克隆抗体的获得为PRRSV的研究及快速诊断方法的建立奠定了基础。  相似文献   

10.
O型口蹄疫病毒单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
利用O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与Sp2/0细胞进行融合,经间接ELISA方法筛选和7次亚克隆后获得2株能稳定分泌单克隆抗体(MeAb)的杂交瘤细胞株.经间接ELISA检测,2株杂交瘤细胞株(3E1、7E6)的腹水效价分别为1:25 600、1:102 400.间接免疫荧光试验和特异性试验表明2株McAb可与不同株的O型FMDV反应,而不与其他血清型的FMDV反应.Western blot和叠加试验表明2株单抗可识别0型FMDV结构蛋白VP1上的同一个抗原表位.此特异性McAb的获得将为O型FMDV疫苗的研制和诊断方法的建立奠定基础.  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

15.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

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