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贝类派琴虫和单孢子虫双重PCR检测方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据基因库中派琴虫和单孢子虫的基因序列,分别设计了2对特异性引物,通过对双重PCR扩增条件的优化,建立了可同时检测鉴别这2种原虫的双重PCR。对同一样品中的派琴虫和单孢子虫模板进行扩增,结果均同时得到2条大小与试验设计相符的596bp(派琴虫)和244bp(单孢子虫)的特异性扩增带,对其他贝类病原核酸的扩增结果为阴性。敏感性试验结果表明,最低能检测到10pg的派琴虫和单孢子虫DNA。用该双重PCR对广西沿海的104份牡蛎、49份贻贝和20份文蛤病料进行检测,派琴虫的阳性率分别为14.6%,10.6%和15%,而未检出单孢子虫,结果提示派琴虫广泛存在于中国南方沿海的养殖贝类中,建立的PCR方法可以用于贝类派琴虫和单孢子虫的临床快速检测。 相似文献
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贝类折光马尔太虫PCR检测方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据基因库中折光马尔太虫的基因保守序列,设计了1对特异性引物,通过对PCR扩增条件的优化,研究建立了检测贝类折光马尔太虫的PCR方法。该方法对折光马尔太虫模板进行扩增,得到与试验设计相符的478 bp的特异性扩增带,而对派琴虫、单孢子虫、嗜水气单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌和河弧菌等病原体的扩增,结果全为阴性。敏感性试验结果表明,该技术最低能检测到1 pg的折光马尔太虫DNA。用该PCR对广西沿海的119份牡蛎病料进行检测,折光马尔太虫的阳性率为1.68%,结果提示了中国南方沿海的养殖贝类中存在折光马尔太虫的感染,建立的PCR方法可以用于贝类折光马尔太虫的临床快速检测。 相似文献
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根据GenBank中单孢子虫的基因保守序列,设计了3条特异性引物,通过对半套式PCR扩增条件的优化,本研究建立了检测贝类单孢子虫的半套式PCR方法。该方法对单孢子虫模板进行扩增,得到与预期相符的333 bp特异性条带,而对折光马尔太虫、派琴虫、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌和河弧菌等病原体的扩增,结果均为阴性。敏感性试验结果表明,该技术最低能检测到0.011 fg单孢子虫质粒DNA。用该半套式PCR对青岛沿海的贝类样品进行检测,结果从牡蛎和菲律宾蛤仔中分别检出单孢子虫6和8份,提示青岛沿海的养殖贝类中存在单孢子虫感染。结果表明,本研究建立的半套式PCR方法可用于贝类单孢子虫的临床快速检测。 相似文献
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根据基因库中派琴虫和折光马尔太虫的基因序列,分别设计了二对特异性引物,通过对二重PCR扩增条件的优化,研究建立了可同时检测鉴别这二种原虫的多重PCR。该技术对同一样品中的派琴虫和折光马尔太虫模板进行扩增,结果均同时得到2条大小与实验设计相符的596bp（派琴虫）和478bp（折光马尔太虫）的特异性扩增带,而对单孢子虫、嗜水气单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌、河弧菌和拟态弧菌等病原体的扩增,结果全为阴性。敏感性试验结果表明,该技术最低能检测到10Pg的派琴虫和折光马尔太虫DNA。用该二重PCR对广西沿海的119份牡蛎样品进行检测,结果派琴虫和折光马尔太虫的阳性率分别为9．24％和1．68％,提示了中国南方沿海的养殖贝类中存在派琴虫和折光马尔太虫的感染。 相似文献
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根据基因库中派琴虫和折光马尔太虫的基因序列,分别设计了二对特异性引物,通过对二重PCR扩增条件的优化,研究建立了可同时检测鉴别这二种原虫的多重PCR。该技术对同一样品中的派琴虫和折光马尔太虫模板进行扩增,结果均同时得到2条大小与实验设计相符的596bp(派琴虫)和478bp(折光马尔太虫)的特异性扩增带,而对单孢子虫、嗜水气单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌、河弧菌和拟态弧菌等病原体的扩增,结果全为阴性。敏感性试验结果表明,该技术最低能检测到10pg的派琴虫和折光马尔太虫DNA。用该二重PCR对广西沿海的119份牡蛎样品进行检测,结果派琴虫和折光马尔太虫的阳性率分别为9.24%和1.68%,提示了中国南方沿海的养殖贝类中存在派琴虫和折光马尔太虫的感染。 相似文献
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贝类派琴虫LUX荧光PCR检测方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为满足贝类派琴虫病的快速检测需要,本研究选择派琴虫保守的核糖体DNAITS-2区域设计引物,通过对反应体系和反应条件的优化,首次建立了LUX荧光PCR检测派琴虫的方法。试验表明,所建立方法检测质粒模板DNA的动态范围为1.0×101-1.0×108,敏感性为10拷贝质粒DNA。采用模拟阳性样品试验,可检测到100拷贝质粒DNA。而且与贝类的包拉米原虫、隐孢子虫等其它寄生性原虫无交叉反应,也不受组织DNA的干扰。50份采集样品的检测结果与RFTM培养方法一致。本研究所构建的派琴虫LUX荧光PCR检测方法具有快速、灵敏、特异等优点,可满足国内养殖场及进出口水生动物携带派琴虫的检测需要。 相似文献
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根据Genbank中折光马尔太虫的基因保守序列,设计了3条特异性引物,通过对半套式PCR扩增条件的优化,研究建立了检测贝类折光马尔太虫的半套式PCR方法.该方法对折光马尔太虫模板进行扩增,得到与实验设计相符的228 bp的特异性扩增带,而对单孢子虫、派琴虫、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌和河弧菌等病原体的扩增,结果全为阴性.敏感性试验结果表明,该技术最低能检测到0.01 fg的折光马尔太虫质粒DNA.用该半套式PCR对福建沿海的贝类样品进行检测,结果从溢蛏中检出折光马尔太虫7份,结果提示福建沿海养殖的贝类中存在折光马尔太虫感染,建立的半套式PCR方法可以用于贝类折光马尔太虫的临床快速检测. 相似文献
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根据基因库中单孢子虫和折光马尔太虫的基因序列,分别设计了2对特异性引物,通过对二重PCR扩增条件的优化,研究建立了可同时检测鉴别这2种原虫的二重PCR。对同一样品中的单孢子虫和折光马尔太虫模板DNA进行扩增,得到2条大小与试验设计相符的244 bp(单孢子虫)和478 bp(折光马尔太虫)的特异性扩增带,而对派琴虫、嗜水气单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌、河弧菌和拟态弧菌等病原体的检测,结果均为阴性。敏感性试验表明,该技术最低能检测到10 pg的单孢子虫和折光马尔太虫DNA。 相似文献
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《中国动物传染病学报》2017,(6)
为筛选一种检测谱广、敏感性好、特异性高的隐孢子虫实时荧光定量PCR法,对JVAP18S法、Csp18S法和CRU18S法三种隐孢子虫实时荧光定量PCR方法的敏感性、特异性和重复性进行了检测,并与基于18S r DNA序列的套式PCR方法进行了比较。结果显示,以10倍倍比稀释的含有微小隐孢子虫18S r DNA基因片段的重组质粒为模板,成功地建立了三种实时荧光定量PCR方法;敏感性试验显示,JVAP18S法和Csp18S法最低可检测0.1个卵囊,而CRU18S法最低只能检测到1个卵囊,但他们均比套式PCR方法敏感;特异性试验结果显示,三种实时荧光定量PCR法均可检测微小隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium parvum)、泰泽隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium tyzzeri)和贝氏隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium baileyi),而其他属寄生虫和细菌DNA的检测结果均为阴性;重复性试验结果显示,JVAP18S法、Csp18S法和CRU18S法的批内变异系数分别为0.69%~2.68%、0.11%~4.93%、0.04%~2.89%,批间变异系数分别为0.52%~5.75%、2.09%~5.13%、1.15%~3.71%;对50份小鼠田间粪便样品检测结果显示,JVAP18S法检测的阳性率为84.00%,显著高于套式PCR法检测的64.00%的阳性率。上述结果表明,三种实时荧光定量PCR法均能有效检测隐孢子虫,比较而言,JVAP18S法敏感性高、特异性强、重复性好,尤其适合于隐孢子虫含量较少的样品检测。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献