共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 72 毫秒
1.
为评估长沙市城区犬狂犬病免疫效果,了解影响犬免疫抗体合格率的因素,2015—2018年连续4年,对长沙市定点监测点的犬只进行抽样,共在41个场点,采集犬血清样品2 137份,采用酶联免疫ELISA方法,定性检测狂犬病血清抗体,并对比分析抗体水平变化趋势及其影响因素。检测结果显示,2015年狂犬病抗体合格率为46.13%,2017年上升为73.39%,2018年略微下降至71.11%,总体呈上升趋势。不同地区比较显示,芙蓉区和雨花区抗体合格率保持稳定上升态势,开福区抗体合格率在2017年后增长快速,而其他3个区在2018年略有下降。免疫效果影响因素分析显示,城区狂犬病免疫合格率与年龄、免疫次数、免疫后时间及疫苗厂家有一定关系,而性别、疫苗种类对抗体合格率影响不大。结果表明：长沙市城区犬狂犬病免疫效果整体形势较好,但部分城区免疫合格率偏低,存在狂犬病病毒感染风险;首次免疫后,需要做好犬的加强免疫工作,尤其幼龄犬和老龄犬,以保证其处于较高的免疫保护水平。 相似文献
2.
3.
[目的]了解、评估新疆散养犬近几年狂犬病抗体水平和疫苗免疫效果。[方法] 2010—2014年,在新疆部分地区开展免疫犬狂犬病摸底调查工作,采集犬血895份,用间接ELISA方法进行狂犬病免疫抗体检测。[结果] 895份检测样品中,免疫抗体合格数497份,合格率为55.53%。[结论] 五年来散养犬狂犬病抗体水平忽高忽低,免疫合格率处于较低水平,今后要加大对散养犬的狂犬病免疫密度及抗体监测。 相似文献
4.
对湖南长沙市区及其他部分市州的农村地区随机抽取的156份犬血清用ELISA检测狂犬病抗体,结果显示这些地区犬免疫后抗体阳转率较低,平均为32.05%,各县(区)犬狂犬病抗体阳性率存在一定差别,较低的犬狂犬病抗体阳性率可能是湖南省外观健康犬带毒的原因之一,与人间狂犬病发病率对比发现犬狂犬病抗体阳性率与疫苗种类等情况,得出犬免疫后抗体阳性合格率城区比农村高、1岁以上的犬比1岁以内犬高、进口单联苗比国产单联苗及多联苗高。这些结果可能与疫苗的质量、免疫操作、免疫程序有关。 相似文献
5.
《畜牧兽医科技信息》2017,(8)
为了摸清东莞市万江犬免疫狂犬病疫苗后抗体水平的状况,在2014~2016年共采集182份犬血清,采用ELISA方法进行检测。结果为犬狂犬病抗体免疫合格率为91.21%,2014~2016年的免疫合格率分别95.00%、96.67%、82.26%。结果表明,近3年来,东莞市万江犬狂犬病的免疫抗体合格率均达到了WHO推荐的70%以上的标准,为抵御狂犬病野毒的侵袭构筑了免疫屏障。 相似文献
6.
为比较国产与进口猪伪狂犬病娅基因缺失疫苗免疫效果,并制定合理的免疫程序,笔者选用国产和进口的猪伪狂犬病gE基因缺失弱毒疫苗,用3种不同的免疫程序,对240头母猪和1200头仔猪进行免疫试验。试验期间,定时随机采集免疫猪的血液,用ELISA试剂盒进行抗体检测。结果表明,母猪和仔猪无论免疫国产或进口猪伪狂犬病gE基因缺失弱毒疫苗,免疫效果均良好。母猪免疫抗体合格率达100％,仔猪49日龄前免疫抗体合格率达100％,免疫效果差异不显著。但免疫猪群在75日龄后抗体逐渐降低,120日龄后基本消失。为维持猪体免疫力,不给野毒入侵的机会,建议仔猪首免后,在适当时间进行二次加强免疫。 相似文献
7.
8.
为探索不同饲养管理条件下的规模养犬场和散养户狂犬病疫苗免疫程序,减少畜间狂犬病的发生,从源头上控制该病,选取2个规模养犬场和2个行政村散养户的90头幼犬,平均分为A、B、C 3组,每组30只。A组在3月龄免疫1次;B组在3月龄免疫1次,30 d后免疫第2次;C组不免疫作为对照。分别在注射疫苗前和注射疫苗后第30、60、120、240、360 d采集实验犬血样,用ELISA方法检测免疫抗体。结果:A组规模场犬免疫后30～60 d抗体阳性率为76.67%～80.00%,达到国家规定≥70%的要求,而散养户犬均未达到要求;B组规模场犬免疫后30～240 d抗体阳性率为73.33%～96.67%,散养户犬免疫后60～120 d抗体阳性率为83.33～90.00%,均达到规定的要求。结论:在饲养管理较好的条件下,幼犬在3月龄首次免疫狂犬病疫苗后30 d再免疫1次效果较好,基本可保证全年狂犬病抗体的免疫水平。散养户应加强犬的营养和饲养管理,以利于免疫抗体的产生和维持。 相似文献
9.
[目的]为了解广州市区犬狂犬病流行情况和免疫状况。[方法]对广州市越秀、天河和荔湾3个区的部分宠物犬以及白云区和番禺区的部分农村犬进行随机采样和问卷调查,对血清样品和唾液样品分别进行抗体ELISA和荧光RT-PCR检测,并与免疫合格率相关的因素进行统计学分析。[结果]在调查的757只犬唾液棉拭子样品中未发现狂犬病病毒;调查的犬免疫率和免疫合格率分别为94.19%(95%CI:92.28%~95.75%)和59.05%(95%CI:55.45%~62.58%);统计学分析发现,犬的数量、类别和性别三个因素与狂犬病抗体合格率之间不存在差异,疫苗类型(进口或国产疫苗)、生产厂家以及最后一次免疫时间3个因素与狂犬病抗体合格率之间存在差异。[结论]本次调查未发现狂犬病病毒,犬的免疫率和免疫合格率均较高,近几年广州市仅出现零星几例人狂犬病病例,因此总体认为广州市的狂犬病防控工作成效较为明显,但在部分区犬狂犬病抗体合格率较低,仍有一定的狂犬病发生风险,需采取针对性措施。 相似文献
10.
采集北京市丰台区城区和4个乡镇家养犬血清样品1 299份,采用免疫荧光中和试验法检测血清狂犬病病毒抗体效价。结果显示,被调查犬中有59.7%接种过狂犬疫苗,城区和乡镇接种率分别为75.9%和30.1%;有32.1%未接种过狂犬疫苗,城区和乡镇分别占16.1%和61.4%;有8.2%不清楚是否接种过狂犬疫苗,城区和乡镇分别占8%和8.5%。免疫犬狂犬病中和抗体效价d 0.5的占疫苗接种犬的57.1%,城区和乡镇分别为60.7%和40.6%。未免疫犬狂犬病中和抗体效价d>0的占未接种疫苗犬的27.6%,城区和乡镇分别为42.6%和20.3%。106只免疫不详犬均有狂犬病中和抗体。本次调查发现,犬群中仅有39%的犬只具有有效的狂犬病保护性抗体,疫苗接种率和狂犬病毒抗体效价城区均好于乡镇,但总体免疫水平仍不能有效控制群体中狂犬病的爆发和流行。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
16.
以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
17.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献