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1.
2012~2014年从辽宁某肉鸡养殖场采集300份鸡泄殖腔拭子,分离获得152株鸡源大肠杆菌。采用微量稀释法对152株鸡源大肠杆菌进行了14种兽用和16种人用抗菌药的药物敏感性测定,并参照CLSI肠杆菌判定标准进行判定。结果显示,鸡源大肠杆菌对兽用阿莫西林、氨苄西林、恩诺沙星、复方新诺明、磺胺异噁唑、四环素和人用哌拉西林、替卡西林、环丙沙星均产生明显耐药性,耐药率较高。对所分离的鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性检测结果与EUCAST发布的野生型菌株MIC值分布进行比较分析,耐药结果基本一致,但通过MIC值分布比较,结果显示出分离菌株的大观霉素、氨苄西林、恩诺沙星、复方新诺明、头孢噻吩、头孢呋辛、环丙沙星和妥布霉素药物的MIC值发生了明显右移,表明该肉鸡场大肠杆菌对上述抗菌药的耐药强度呈现逐渐增强的趋势。在养殖过程中应采取科学饲养和严格的生物安全措施防控疾病,科学合理使用抗菌药物,控制肉鸡场细菌耐药性的产生和传播。 相似文献
2.
本研究旨在明确犊牛腹泻源性大肠杆菌的耐药情况、强毒力岛（HPI）标志基因及相关基因的携带情况，以及大肠杆菌分离株与HPI携带的关系。采集犊牛病理性腹泻样本158份，采用麦康凯培养基和伊红美蓝培养基进行筛选，镜检符合大肠杆菌形态的进行VITEK 2 Compact生化鉴定和PCR鉴定，采用K-B纸片法对大肠杆菌分离株进行药敏试验，应用PCR方法进行分离株HPI相关基因携带情况的检测。结果显示，共分离得到75株大肠杆菌，分离株对阿莫西林、哌拉西林、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、四环素的耐药率均>90%，对头孢氨苄、头孢拉定、头孢曲松、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和氧氟沙星的耐药率均≥ 60.00%，对阿米卡星较敏感，耐药率为9.33%；75株大肠杆菌全部耐3种以上药物，多重耐药（≥ 10）的菌株占85.33%，耐药谱集中在耐14~17种药物，5株对19种药物全部耐药。HPI标志基因irp2的阳性率为100%，其他相关基因fyuA、irp3、irp5、irp8和ytbA的检出率在66.00%以上。综上所述，宁夏地区犊牛腹泻源性大肠杆菌耐药普遍，多重耐药现象严重。 相似文献
3.
为了解家庭农场供货模式下"养殖-销售"活禽产业链中各环节大肠杆菌耐药性及耐药基因流行情况,本研究共采集132份来自自贡市沿滩区某一农贸市场及其活禽供货的33家家庭农场的样品,通过细菌分离纯化、形态学鉴定、特异性引物PCR检测、系统发育群PCR检测、药敏试验及耐药基因鉴定等方法对细菌特性进行分析。研究结果显示,83株分离株在伊红美蓝培养基上形成带有金属光泽的黑色菌落,镜检显示为革兰阴性短杆菌,且特异性引物检测结果均显示阳性,因此,确定83株分离株均为大肠杆菌。系统发育群鉴定结果发现,83株分离株系统发育群集中于A群（53.02%）及B1群（20.48%）;药敏试验结果显示,83株菌株均为多重耐药菌,其中硫酸黏杆菌素、四环素耐药率最高,均为100%,氨苄西林、头孢呋辛、氨曲南、氟苯尼考耐药率均超过90%;耐药基因结果显示,mcr-1、mcr-3、blaTEM、blaSHV、blaCTX-M-group 1、blaCTX-M-group 9、qnrS、aac（6'）-Ⅰb-cr、tetA和tetB等耐药基因均有检出,检出率均低于对应抗菌药的耐药率,符合预期结果。此外,统计结果显示,家庭农场细菌耐药率和耐药基因携带率低于农贸市场。本研究结果表明,农贸市场成为活禽产业链中耐药菌及耐药基因的集散地,可为指导禽大肠杆菌临床检测、诊断及合理用药提供试验依据,同时为评估活禽产业链耐药性传播风险提供可靠数据。 相似文献
4.
【目的】研究内蒙古地区部分奶牛养殖场乳房炎生鲜乳样本及环境样本致病菌种类和耐药性,为乳房炎的防控提供临床用药指导和参考。【方法】采用平板划线法对内蒙古地区4个规模化养殖场468份(乳房炎生鲜乳样本199份,乳房炎奶牛饲养环境样本269份)样本进行细菌分离培养,采用形态学观察、革兰氏染色镜检以及16S rDNA测序对分离出的细菌进行鉴定,且对引发乳房炎的主要致病菌进行药敏性试验。【结果】高盐甘露醇培养基上呈现出小、白且偏黄色的菌落,经16S rDNA测序比对,与金黄色葡萄球菌高度相似的菌株共56株,分离率为11.97%;在伊红-美蓝培养基上呈现出黑紫色泛有金属光泽的菌落,经16S rDNA测序比对,与大肠杆菌高度相似的菌株共44株,分离率为9.40%。在199份生鲜乳样本中,金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的分离率最高,分别为21.11%和17.09%;在269份环境样本中,金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的分离率分别为5.20%和3.72%。药敏试验结果显示,金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、磺胺异噁唑、氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药性相对较高,耐药率分别为90.63%、78.13%、75.00%、68.75%;对庆大霉素、环丙沙星、复方新诺明的敏感性较高。大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢噻吩、磺胺异噁唑存在明显耐药性,耐药率分别为100%、94.29%、45.71%;对链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、多粘菌素E、美罗培南、阿莫西林/克拉维酸以及利福昔明表现出较高敏感性。【结论】内蒙古地区引发奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌;金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、磺胺异噁唑、氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药性相对较高;大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢噻吩、磺胺异噁唑存在明显的耐药性。 相似文献
5.
CAO Min TAN Ai-juan LV Shi-ming CHANG Xin DING Chang-qing CHEN Ting WANG Zhen-yan 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):1098-1104
To find out the drug resistance and the distribution and prevalence of ESBLs genotypes of E.coli strains on scale pig farms in Guizhou, the antimicrobial susceptibility of 164 E.coli strains were determined.And the genotype of ESBLs was identified and determined by CLSI standard method, DNA was amplified and the 4 genotypes of drug resistance plasmid of ESBLs were analyzed by PCR.The results showed that the drug resistance rates of 164 E.coli strains to ten kinds of antimicrobial agents were ceftiofur 93.29%, ampicillin 87.19%, tetracycline 86.59%, gentamicin 81.10%, streptomycin 53.66%, polymyxin 51.83%, ciprofloxacin 53.05%, kanamycin 47.56%, chlortetracycline 34.76% and florfenicol 21.95%, respectively, and most of them were multiple drug resistance strains, during which there were 137 strains ESBLs positive, detection rate was 83.54%, and the detection rates of 4 regions were different.The detection rates of TEM, CTX-M-1, SHV and OXA-1 genes of 137 ESBLs-producing E.coli strains were 90.51%, 70.07%, 51.82% and 43.07%, respectively.And the detection rates were various in 4 regions.The results showed that the drug resistance of E.coli strains from scale pig farms was serious in Guizhou, and the detection rate of ESBLs strains was very high, the drug resistance gene detection rate was extremely high, and most drug resistance strains were the composite genotype drug resistant.To prevent and cure colibacillosis in veterinary clinic effectively, we should reinforce monitoring and studying about the ESBLs-producing drug resistance bacteria. 相似文献
6.
贵州部分地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性分析及ESBLs基因型检测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解贵州地区规模养猪场大肠杆菌菌株耐药情况和ESBLs基因型的流行情况,试验采用CLSI推荐的方法对采自贵州省4个地区规模养猪场的164株大肠杆菌进行药物敏感性试验和产ESBLs菌的检测,并用PCR方法对TEM、SHV、OXA-1和CTX-M-1 4种常见ESBLs基因进行检测。结果显示,164株大肠杆菌对10种常用抗菌药物耐药率分别是头孢噻呋93.29%、氨苄西林87.19%、四环素86.59%、庆大霉素81.10%、链霉素53.66%、多黏菌素51.83%、环丙沙星53.05%、卡那霉素47.56%、金霉素34.76%和氟苯尼考21.95%,且大多为多重耐药,其中检测出ESBLs阳性菌株137株,阳性率为83.54%,各个地区的检出率不同;137株产ESBLs大肠杆菌中,TEM、SHV、OXA-1和CTX-M-1基因的检出率分别为90.51%、70.07%、51.82%和43.07%,且多为复合基因型耐药菌株,各地区的各种基因检出率不同。试验结果表明,贵州部分地区的猪源大肠杆菌耐药现象严重,ESBLs菌株的检出率很高,耐药基因的检出率也极高,且多为复合基因型耐药菌株,应加强当地产酶耐药菌的监测和研究,有效防制此类细菌引发的疾病。 相似文献
7.
为了探究高渗对多重耐药菌外排泵和外膜孔道蛋白基因表达及其生长的影响,试验应用生长曲线和相对适应性测定,对比考察不同盐胁迫条件对多重耐药大肠杆菌QL15和敏感大肠杆菌ATCC 25922的生长差异,采用RT-PCR方法考察2种盐胁迫条件下外排泵与外膜孔道蛋白基因表达差异。结果表明,大肠杆菌QL15为高水平多重耐药菌,其中对大观霉素和恩诺沙星耐药最为严重,可达耐药标准MIC的32倍;独立培养时大肠杆菌QL15对NaCl胁迫的敏感性大于大肠杆菌ATCC 25922,并且在6.0% NaCl胁迫下,大肠杆菌QL15在10 h内生长缓慢,但是在24 h细菌峰值浓度更高;混合培养时大肠杆菌QL15在6.0% NaCl胁迫时具有更高的适应性,在体外培养中更具竞争优势。大肠杆菌QL15共携带5大类、15种耐药相关基因,其中含8种外排泵基因和3种外膜孔道蛋白基因;大肠杆菌ATCC 25922在6.0% NaCl浓度下的5种基因表达量较3.5% NaCl均出现约50%的显著下调（P<0.05）,大肠杆菌QL15在6.0% NaCl浓度下除acrB、ompF基因下调外,其余3种外排泵与外膜孔道蛋白基因的表达量则显著上调（P<0.05）。推测大肠杆菌QL15对盐胁迫具有更高的适应性的原因可能与细胞膜相关蛋白的表达相关。 相似文献
8.
ZHI Chan-ping GUO Xiao-ting YAO Xu GUO Ze-wen WU Sheng-jun YI Ling-xian CHENG Bang-zhao WANG Jun-jun LIU Jian-hua 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3351-3357
To determine the drug resistance of E.coli strains from swine and chicken in organic farm,collection of stool specimens was conducted in one organic farm in Conghua city,Guangdong province in 2014,in which 118 E.coli strains were separated,including 55 from chicken and 63 from swine.The sensitivity of the E.coli strains from swine and chicken to 18 kinds of drugs was detected through agar dilution method.Similar properties in drug resistance were observed both in E.coli strains from swine and chicken in the same organic farm.In consideration of the resistance rate,samples were relatively sensitive to ceftazidime,cefquinome,cefoxitin,amikacin,apramycin,gentamicin,neomycin,florfenicol,chloramphenicol,imipenem,ciprofloxacin and olaquindox (chicken 0 to 21.8%;swine 0 to 14.3%).These isolates showed moderate resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin (chicken 29.1% to 38.2%;swine 23.8% to 27.0%).About 56.4% chicken isolates and 47.6% swine isolates showed resistant to more than 3 kinds of drugs.However,severe resistance was observed in trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole,tetracyclineand and doxycycline (chicken 45.5%,76.4% and 72.7%;swine 50.8%,81.0% and 68.3%).The results also indicated that under organic farming mode,the drug resistance rates of E.coli strains from swine and chicken were relatively low in general.Multi-drug resistance existed but was relatively slight.Although the drug resistance rate to several specific antimicrobials was high,it was still lower than that in conventional farms.Since most studies focused on the drug resistance of the bacteria under conventional farming model,this study filled the blank of the research of drug resistance under organic farming model. 相似文献
9.
有机农场鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,2014年从广东从化某有机农场鸡、猪粪便中采集并分离出118株大肠杆菌,包括55株鸡源大肠杆菌和63株猪源大肠杆菌,采用琼脂稀释法测定大肠杆菌对18种抗菌药的敏感性。结果发现,同一有机农场中,鸡源大肠杆菌与猪源大肠杆菌在耐药种类及耐药率上均呈现相似规律,对头孢他啶、头孢喹肟、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁、阿米卡星、安普霉素、庆大霉素、新霉素、氟苯尼考、氯霉素、亚胺培南、环丙沙星、喹乙醇等较敏感(鸡0~21.8%,猪0~14.3%),对氨苄西林、链霉素呈现轻度耐药(鸡29.1%~38.2%,猪23.8%~27.0%),对复方新诺明、四环素、多西环素呈现较严重耐药(鸡45.5%、76.4%和72.7%,猪50.8%、81.0%和68.3%)。鸡源大肠杆菌中3耐及3耐以上的菌株占56.4%,猪源大肠杆菌占47.6%。结果表明有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药率相对较低,多重耐药现象存在但相对轻微,对个别临床常用抗菌药耐药率虽较严重但比常规养殖场低。由于目前国内大部分学者致力于研究常规养殖方式下细菌耐药情况,本研究很好地填补了有机养殖模式下畜禽大肠杆菌耐药性研究的空白。 相似文献
10.
【目的】确定广州市某规模化鸽场腹泻病例的病原菌及探讨茶多酚对该病原菌的体外抑菌效果。【方法】采集广州市某规模化鸽场腹泻病鸽的粪便,通过分离纯化、染色镜检、16S rRNA基因测序和构建系统进化树等方法对病原菌进行鉴定;采用药敏纸片法分析病原菌的耐药性;采用PCR技术检测病原菌携带的毒力基因;同时通过体外抑菌试验测定茶多酚对该病原菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)以及不同浓度(0(空白对照)、125、250、500和1 000 μg/mL)茶多酚对该病原菌的生长、运动和毒力基因表达的影响,综合评定茶多酚对该病原菌的体外抑菌效果。【结果】从病料中分离出1株致病菌株,其生物学特性与大肠杆菌基本一致,命名为GG20210604;经16S rRNA基因测序和系统进化树进一步证实,该菌株为大肠杆菌;经检测,GG20210604对环丙沙星和氨苄西林耐药,并携带4种毒力基因:fliC、fimH、iroN和hlyF;体外抑菌试验结果显示,茶多酚对GG20210604的MIC和MBC均为4 000 μg/mL;与空白对照组相比,当茶多酚浓度为250、500和1 000 μg/mL时,GG20210604的生长和运动均被显著抑制(P＜0.05);250和500 μg/mL茶多酚均显著降低GG20210604的fliC、iroN和hlyF基因的表达(P＜0.05),250 mg/mL茶多酚显著降低fimH基因的表达(P＜0.05)。【结论】本研究分离得到1株鸽源性大肠杆菌,该菌株对环丙沙星和氨苄西林耐药并携带fliC、fimH、iroN和hlyF 4种毒力基因。茶多酚对该菌株具有良好的抑菌效果,可以显著抑制其生长、运动和毒力基因的表达。本研究为预防和缓解鸽因大肠杆菌引起的腹泻提供新的思路,并且为茶多酚作为植物性抑菌剂在养鸽生产中的应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
11.
R.H Dunlop S.A McEwen A.H Meek R.C Clarke W.D Black R.M Friendship 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1998,34(4):1610-305
Logistic regression was used to model associations between antimicrobial treatment and resistance among fecal Escherichia coli of finisher pigs at the farm level. Four sets of potential risk factors representing different levels of refinement of antimicrobial use on farms were modelled on resistance to antimicrobials. Final models for each antimicrobial were constructed from treatment and management variables significant on initial screening, and corrections for overdispersion were made. In general, in-feed antimicrobial treatment of pigs was more consistently associated with an increased risk of resistance than individual-animal treatment. Antimicrobial treatment in starter rations was significant in final models of resistance to ampicillin, carbadox, nitrofurantoin, sulfisoxizole, and tetracycline. Treatment in grower–finisher rations was significantly associated with resistance to ampicillin, spectinomycin, sulfisoxizole, and tetracycline. There was little evidence that in-feed antimicrobials increased the risk of resistance to gentamicin, which is a drug used only for individual-pig treatment in this study population. These results suggest that antimicrobial medication of rations of post-weaning pigs selects for and maintains antimicrobial resistance among E. coli of finisher pigs. Although resistance was common on farms that did not medicate rations of post-weaning pigs, the results indicate that antimicrobial use does increase the risk of resistance to the antimicrobials studied. 相似文献
12.
GUO Changming WU Zhi ZHU Shanyuan WANG Yongjuan FENG Qi DONG Hongyan YUAN Cheng XU Hai WU Shuang 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(12):4076-4084
In this study,191 strains of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) were isolated from duck farms in and around Jiangsu province.The serotype,virulence gene distribution and drug resistance of 21 strains (one from each farm) were detected,and the correlation between serotype,virulence gene distribution and drug resistance was analyzed,in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of APEC.The serotypes of 21 APEC strains showed that there were 12 strains of O65,accounting for 57.14% of all strains.The results of virulence gene detection showed that 5 virulence genes had a high distribution rate,among which the positive rate of fimA gene was 100%,and the positive rates of ECs3737,ECs3703,tsh and irp2 genes were 90.5%,85.7%,57.1% and 42.9%,respectively.There were 6 strains (28.57%) with five virulence genes.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that 21 APEC strains had multiple drug resistance,and 100% strains were resistant to enrofloxacin,doxycycline,vancomycin and erythromycin.Among all the strains,85.71% and 14.29% were resistant to more than 10 and 21 kinds of drugs,respectively.The relationship among serotypes,virulence gene distribution and drug resistance showed that there were 13 strains with more than 4 virulence genes,9 of which were O65 serotypes.Among the 13 strains with more than 4 virulence genes,9 strains (69.23%) were resistant to more than 15 drugs,and 3 strains (23.08%) were resistant to more than 20 drugs.The results showed that the serotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from ducks in Jiangsu province and its surrounding areas were complex,carrying a variety of virulence genes,and the drug resistance was serious. 相似文献
13.
Normand EH Gibson NR Reid SW Carmichael S Taylor DJ 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2000,46(4):267-278
We conducted a longitudinal, retrospective investigation of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates obtained from canine and feline clinical cases in veterinary community practice in UK (1989–1997). Individual-drug resistance was examined using isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus spp. as Gram-negative and Gram-positive indicator organisms, respectively. The annual prevalence of resistance was calculated for each organism to each of nine (for E. coli) and 11 (for Staphylococcus spp.) selected antimicrobials. The annual prevalence of multiple-drug resistance (MDR) was calculated for E. coli, Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., staphylococci and streptococci.
Using a chi-square test for trend, significant rising trends were identified in individual resistance of E. coli to clavulanate-amoxycillin and streptomycin, and in MDR of E. coli, Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.. Declining trends were identified in individual resistance of Staphylococcus spp. to ampicillin and penicillin. Comparison with previously reported results from a contemporaneous investigation of companion-animal hospital patients indicated that selection pressures acting on the two populations overlapped but were not identical. 相似文献
14.
本研究旨在明确江苏及周边地区鸭禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC）的血清型、毒力基因分布和耐药性之间的相关性,以期为APEC的防控提供依据。从江苏省及周边养鸭场分离了191株APEC,并对其中21株（每个养殖场选取1株）的O抗原血清型、毒力基因分布和耐药性进行检测。对21株APEC的血清型检测结果表明,O65血清型12株,占全部菌株的57.14%,O5、O28、O42、O87、O93、O138、O147血清型均为1株,其他血清型2株;毒力基因检测结果表明,5个毒力基因有较高的分布率,其中fimA基因的阳性率为100%,ECs3737、ECs3703、tsh和irp2基因的阳性率分别为90.5%、85.7%、57.1%和42.9%,含有5个毒力基因的菌株共有6株（28.57%）;药敏试验结果表明,21株APEC均存在多重耐药性,100%的分离菌株对恩诺沙星、强力霉素、万古霉素和红霉素耐药,85.71%的分离株对10种以上抗生素耐药,14.29%的菌株对21种药物都耐药;对血清型、毒力基因分布和耐药性之间的关系分析表明,含有4种以上毒力基因的菌株有13株,其中9株是O65血清型。在13株含有4种以上毒力基因的菌株中,耐15种药物以上的有9株（69.23%）,耐20种以上药物的有3株（23.08%）,表明含有4种以上毒力基因的菌株多重耐药现象严重。研究表明,江苏及周边地区鸭源大肠杆菌血清型复杂,携带多种毒力基因,耐药性严重。 相似文献
15.
为了解副猪嗜血杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药现状，制定副猪嗜血杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的流行病学临界值，本试验根据CLSI-VET中规定的方法，对ScienceDirect、PubMed、中国知网等数据库中副猪嗜血杆菌对喹诺酮药物的耐药数据进行收集，共收集到605株环丙沙星、74株氧氟沙星、322株左氧氟沙星、211株达氟沙星、276株萘啶酸、143株洛美沙星、638株恩诺沙星及262株马波沙星的最小抑菌浓度数据，进行数据修正后利用统计软件ECOFFinder进行整理拟合，得出MIC拟合直方分布图，确定了副猪嗜血杆菌对8种喹诺酮类药物的流行病学临界值和耐药率。8种药物中可用于兽医临床使用的药物为达氟沙星、恩诺沙星、马波沙星、环丙沙星；萘啶酸作为第1代喹诺酮抗菌药，已基本退出市场；另外3种药物不可用于兽医临床。通过调查研究得出副猪嗜血杆菌对氧氟沙星、萘啶酸、洛美沙星、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、达氟沙星、马波沙星、恩诺沙星药物的流行病学临界值分别为8、4、4、0.25、0.25、0.0625、0.0625和0.03125 μg/mL，说明目前野生型副猪嗜血杆菌对环丙沙星、达氟沙星、马波沙星和恩诺沙星这4种兽医临床可用药敏感性较高，临床推荐使用。文章得出的数据在国际交流频繁的时代普遍适用，在国内外缺乏相应药效学折点和临床折点时可作为敏感和耐药的判定标准，并为进一步制定临床折点，指导临床用药、延长喹诺酮药物的临床使用寿命奠定了基础。 相似文献
16.
为探究绿原酸对鸡源抗生素耐药大肠杆菌抑菌及耐药消除的作用机制，以影印法分离绿原酸浓度为1.25 mg/mL（亚抑菌浓度，1/2 MIC）的LB肉汤培养的第3代禽源大肠杆菌耐药逆转菌株，以微板法测定耐药逆转菌株的左氧氟沙星最小抑菌浓度（MIC），并进一步通过转录组测序方法分析绿原酸消除大肠杆菌耐药性的分子机制。结果显示：耐药逆转菌株对左氧氟沙星的MIC由16 μg/mL降低至4~8 μg/mL，说明1.25 mg/mL的绿原酸可在一定程度上消除耐药大肠杆菌的左氧氟沙星耐药性。为进一步解析绿原酸对鸡源大肠杆菌耐药消除作用的分子机制，通过转录组测序方法对耐药性消除前后鸡源大肠杆菌基因表达水平进行对比分析发现：绿原酸作用后共有12个基因的表达量发生显著下调，通过荧光定量PCR验证结果基本一致。经过GO功能富集分析和KEGG代谢通路富集分析发现，差异表达基因在功能上集中于膜组成成分和DNA重组，在代谢通路富集中差异基因均与代谢相关，差异基因中bhsA、cysP为Coli-HB染色质转录RNA（GenBank登录号：CP020933），oqxA、oqxR、emaA、pinR、xerD、folA、repA、repC、adhP、IS26为Coli-HB质粒1转录RNA（GenBank登录号：CP020934）。从差异表达基因的分布可以看出，绿原酸可以抑制细菌DNA重组、使细菌抗逆性减弱、抑制耐药基因活性等，在一定程度上消除大肠杆菌的左氧氟沙星耐药性，起到抑菌及耐药消除作用。 相似文献
17.
18.
为研究不同病例发病动物的发病原因,并对不同病例病料分离出的细菌进行16S rDNA同源性分析,本试验对10种不同病例发病动物病料进行细菌分离培养并对分离获得的细菌进行微生物学鉴定,设计1对16S rDNA基因引物,对分离出的10株细菌进行PCR扩增、测序及16S rDNA同源性分析。结果显示,分离获得的10株细菌经微生物学鉴定均为大肠杆菌,10株大肠杆菌中哺乳类动物病例犬乳房炎、犬子宫蓄脓、犬肺炎、犬皮肤化脓疮、奶牛乳房炎、犊牛腹泻6株大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性为100.0%,家禽类动物病例肉鸽腹泻、肉鸡腹泻、野鸡腹泻和白孔雀腹泻4株大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性也为100.0%,10株不同病例动物来源大肠杆菌之间16S rDNA同源性为97.5%~100.0%。本试验探明了10种不同病例发病动物的发病原因均为大肠杆菌感染引起,且10株大肠杆菌16S rDNA之间具有高度同源性。 相似文献
19.
为了解西藏那曲市羊大肠杆菌的耐药情况，指导临床进行合理用药，本试验从那曲市采集羊新鲜无污染腹泻物92份，进行大肠杆菌显色培养基分离、革兰氏染色镜检、生化鉴定、分子生物学鉴定、致泻性大肠杆菌生化鉴定、药敏试验及耐药基因检测。结果显示，分离菌株在大肠杆菌显色培养基上呈蓝色菌落、革兰氏染色为粉红色的短杆菌，通过生化鉴定及23S rRNA的PCR检测得到26株羊源大肠杆菌，分离率为28.3%；其中25株符合致泻性大肠杆菌生化特性，致泻菌株分离率为27.2%。药敏试验结果显示，所得25株羊源大肠杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药性较高，耐药率为24.0%；对羧苄西林、卡那霉素的耐药性次之，耐药率为8%；对哌拉西林、头孢呋辛、庆大霉素、四环素、米诺霉素等药物耐药率为4%；对诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星等药物极为敏感，可作为临床用药。5种耐药基因检测结果显示，blaTEM基因检出率为100%，表明分离菌均含有相应的耐药基因。以上结果表明，西藏那曲市羊源大肠杆菌对多种药物耐药，提示在临床实践过程中应注重合理用药、联合用药，减缓大肠杆菌耐药性的产生。 相似文献
20.
广西某地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性及部分菌株耐药基因调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验旨在探究广西某地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药性及部分菌株所含耐药基因情况,为预防及治疗动物性大肠杆菌类疾病提供参考。采用麦康凯琼脂培养基及伊红美蓝琼脂培养基初步鉴定、显微镜镜检、分子生物学16S rRNA鉴定、药物敏感性二倍肉汤微量稀释法等方法进行大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,并结合PCR相关技术对部分菌株的三十余种耐药基因进行检测。结果显示,从广西某地区采集的猪源病料中共分离得到65株猪源大肠杆菌,其均为多重耐药大肠杆菌且多集中于六重耐药与七重耐药。按所耐抗菌药物的种类分析发现其对β-内酰胺类、磺胺类、大环内酯类药物具有较高耐药性,耐药率分别98.46%、90.77%及84.62%,进一步分析发现其主要是对头孢噻呋钠、阿莫西林、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、阿奇霉素等抗菌药物具有较高耐药性,对美罗培南、阿米卡星、黏杆菌素较为敏感。对部分菌株所含耐药基因进行整理发现,其多含有四环素类（tetA、tetM）、β-内酰胺类（CTX-m-u）及磺胺类（Sul2）耐药基因。综上所述发现广西地区猪源大肠杆菌耐药性情况较为严重,所含耐药基因也相对较多,因此在实际生产中需采用联合用药等相关措施进行疾病治疗以达到快速高效治疗疾病的目的。 相似文献