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（接上期）
四、寄生虫学研究进展
（一）分子寄生虫学
1．基因组全序列：2002年发表疟原虫基因组全序列．此外对利什曼、锥虫、弓形虫、贾第虫、阿米巴、血吸虫的基因组序列研究工作已开展。 相似文献
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(接上期) 四、寄生虫学研究进展 (一)分子寄生虫学 1.基因组全序列:2002年发表疟原虫基因组全序列,此外对利什曼、锥虫、弓形虫、贾第虫、阿米巴、血吸虫的基因组序列研究工作已开展. 相似文献
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蜜蜂最近成为了第三种加入基因组测序俱乐部的昆虫。这让科学家得以一窥蜜蜂社会令人惊叹的秘密,并有助于揭开蜜蜂的身世之谜。自从人类基因组工程进入收尾阶段,随着测序技术的进步,越来越多的生物加入了基因组测序俱乐部。从病毒到杨树再到小鼠和黑猩猩,越来越多的基因组序列为科学家提供了珍贵的信息,这也让关于基因组测序的新闻变得不那么引人注目了。如果说人类基因组计划启动之初曾经被比作生物学的登月计划,那么今天一种生物基因组测序的完成可能不过是一次普通的太空旅行。但是,上个月科学家公布的一种生物的基因组序列似乎有着不同… 相似文献
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跨世纪研究项目──动物基因组计划张守印（解放军农牧大学图书馆，长春１３００６２）动物基因组计划就是建立一个包含各种动物全部基因的基因图谱，其核心是对各个基因的定位。这种图谱包括基因的名称、基因在染色体上的位置及与相邻基因的距离、基因的核苷酸序列和功能... 相似文献
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通过对采集到的青岛市某发病羊场羊口疮病料（强毒）在山羊成纤维细胞上连续传90代（弱毒）后, 分别进行病毒基因组提取, 并对提取到的基因组分别命名为ORFV-QD和ORFV-RD。根据GenBank上发表的ORFV全基因组序列设计并合成3对特异性引物, 分别扩增ORFV-QD和ORFV-RD的B2L基因、F1L基因和VIR基因片段, 并将扩增得到的基因组片段分别克隆到pMD-19T载体上, 转化到DH5α感受态细胞中, 对重组质粒进行鉴定后送至测序公司进行测序, 用DNASTAR软件对测序结果进行拼接及3组基因之间核苷酸同源性比较分析, 将测序结果与NCBI上已公布的13组ORFV全基因组相应基因核苷酸序列进行同源性比对分析、构建系统进化树及氨基酸序列比对分析。结果表明, 3组基因与参考序列的B2L基因、F1L基因和VIR基因核苷酸同源性分别为92.1%~98.4%、96.1%~99.1%和94.6%~100%。将2株病毒基因组与参考序列进行氨基酸序列比较分析, 结果显示2株病毒基因组之间并没有较为明显的差异。 相似文献
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随着分子生物学技术的日臻完善，尤其是人类基因组计划提出以后，人类及各类生物包括动物、植物和微生物的基因组研究得到迅猛发展。近年来，寄生虫的基因组计划也引起了人们特别是寄生虫学家的极大兴趣。通过实施寄生虫基因组计划，我们将会对生物学中令人着迷的寄生现象有一个更加全面的理解，同时为人类的健康和经济的发展提供技术保障。[第一段] 相似文献
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《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2021,41(4)
全基因组序列数据的使用在家畜育种计划中具有巨大的潜力,可以提高发现变异基因的能力,同时能更准确和更持久地预测育种值而不是标记阵列。要了解家畜基因组序列数据的全部潜力,需要从大量的个体,甚至要从数百万个个体上获得基因组序列和表型数据,从而准确地估测构成数量性状基础的大量致病变异的影响。 相似文献
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Theileria buffeli infection of a Michigan cow confirmed by small subunit ribosomal RNA gene analysis
Theileria buffeli, generally a benign parasite of cattle, has been reported in animals from Texas, Missouri and North Carolina. To date, there have been no reports of the parasite in cattle residing in northern portions of the US. An 8-year-old cow (Maine Anjou x Angus cross-bred) in Michigan presented with hemoglobinuria and a packed cell volume of 9. Blood films stained with Giemsa showed numerous intraerythrocytic parasites morphologically consistent with T. buffeli. The parasite was confirmed to be T. buffeli by SSU rRNA gene sequence analysis (SSU rRNA sequence, Type A). This represents the first report of this parasite in an animal in Michigan. 相似文献
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Kim JY Yokoyama N Kumar S Inoue N Yamaguchi T Sentoku S Fujisaki K Sugimoto C 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(3):251-256
Benign Theileria species of cattle are found in most parts of the world. The major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP), a conserved protein in all Theileria species, has been used as a maker for epidemiological and phylogenetical studies of benign Theileria species. Parasites with Ikeda- or Chitose-type MPSP genes are dominant in Japan, but we report here mixed infection cases of Theileria parasites with an additional MPSP type parasite infecting cattle in Abashiri District, Hokkaido. The MPSP gene sequence found in the additional type was closely related to MPSP genes of Theileria parasites found in Southeast Asian countries, including Thailand (Narathiwat) and Indonesia (Java). Theileria parasites from the blood sample were also distinguishable from the Ikeda or Chitose type parasites by the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequence analysis, and they are grouped into the SSU rRNA types C/D found in Korea, North America, and Spain. The present finding of mixed infections of cattle with three different types of Theileria makes epidemiological feature of bovine theileriosis in Japan more complex. We have designed a set of primers specific to this MPSP type in order to conduct further epidemiological study. 相似文献
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A novel large Babesia sp. from an infected dog was cultivated in vitro by microaerophilous stationary phase culture methodology. A primary culture initiated in enriched RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 40% canine serum and incubated in a 2% oxygen environment supported parasite growth in vitro. Subsequent subcultures into enriched HL-1 medium with 20% fetal bovine serum also supported parasite propagation. Cultures were successfully introduced to 5% carbon dioxide in air atmosphere at passage 4. To date, the parasites have been continuously cultured through 35 passages, although the parasitemias are low, ranging from 0.2 to 0.3%. Parasites cultured in RPMI with canine serum were cryopreserved and successfully recovered from liquid nitrogen storage. The small subunit ribosomal rRNA gene sequence was identical in blood-derived and culture-derived parasites, differing in a single base position from the previously reported sequence for this Babesia sp. The ultrastructure of the parasite was consistent with that of other large Babesia spp., except that the spherical body contained numerous round particles unlike the inclusions previously described in Babesia spp. 相似文献
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长链非编码RNA （long noncoding RNA,lncRNA）是一种核酸长度>200 nt、不编码或具有有限编码能力的RNA,早期一直被认为是遗传暗物质,但伴随分子生物学技术的进步,越来越多的lncRNAs被发掘。研究表明,lncRNA作为基因表达的关键调控因子,能在组蛋白修饰、转录调控和转录后调控等方面影响基因表达,几乎参与所有的细胞生物学过程。顶复门原虫是一类专性胞内寄生虫,入侵机制复杂,对顶复门原虫与宿主的互作研究已成为新型抗虫药物的研发基础。近年来研究发现,lncRNA作为一类新型调控因子广泛参与到顶复门原虫与宿主细胞相互作用中,包括感染免疫、发育分化和信号传导等细胞生物学过程,既可帮助宿主抵御寄生虫入侵,也可协助寄生虫在胞内增殖发育,对疾病的发生发展具有重要的调控作用。笔者通过对lncRNA的生物学分类及其在细胞生理过程中的主要功能进行概述,综合近年来lncRNA在以弓形虫、疟原虫和隐孢子虫为主要代表的顶复门原虫的相关研究,系统梳理了lncRNA在宿主免疫反应、寄生虫发育分化和表观遗传调控等方面的作用机制,以期为顶复门原虫致病机理研究及高效防控技术研发提供新的思路和参考。 相似文献
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Kawabuchi T Tsuji M Sado A Matoba Y Asakawa M Ishihara C 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(8):825-827
Raccoons (Procyon lotor), which have recently become feral in Japan, were examined for the presence of Babesia microti-like parasites. Out of 372 raccoons captured in the west-central part of Hokkaido, 24 animals with splenomegaly were selected and tested by nested PCR targeting the babesial 18S rRNA gene. B. microti-like parasites were detected in two of the 24 individuals, and their DNA sequences were identical to that of the B. microti-like parasite reported from raccoons in the United States, suggesting that the parasites were probably imported into Japan and that the life cycle of the parasite has already been established in the country. The potential risk of this B. microti-like parasite spreading among dogs and foxes in Japan will need to be carefully monitored, as parasitization by phylogenetically very close parasites has been reported from such animals. 相似文献
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Zakimi S Kim JY Oshiro M Hayashida K Fujisaki K Sugimoto C 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1335-1338
Benign Theileria parasites of cattle distributed in the Okinawa prefecture were characterized by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis of the major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene. Using universal or allele-specific primer sets, parasite DNA was amplified in 31 out of 48 blood samples obtained from beef cattle. Among the positive cases, mixed infections involving various combinations of I-, C-, and B-type parasites were detected in 24 (77.4%) samples. Phylogenetic analysis based on the MPSP gene sequences revealed that parasites with the MPSP types 1-5 and 7, exist within the Okinawa prefecture. 相似文献
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Yu L Zhang S Liang W Jin C Jia L Luo Y Li Y Cao S Yamagishi J Nishikawa Y Kawano S Fujisaki K Xuan X 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(11):1509-1512
An epidemiological survey on a Theileria parasite infection of cattle in Northeast China was carried out using allele-specific PCR and DNA sequence analysis of the major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene. The results showed that 14 of 104 blood samples were positive for Theileria by PCR. Among the positive cases, co-infection with various combinations of C- and I-type parasites was detected in 12 samples; no B- and Thai-type parasites were detected by allele-specific PCR. Phylogenetic analysis based on the MPSP gene sequences revealed that Theileria parasites with the MPSP types 1, 2, and 4 were distributed in Northeast China. 相似文献
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Bing Y. Zhu Ashlie Hartigan George Reppas Damien P. Higgins Paul J. Canfield Jan Šlapeta 《Veterinary parasitology》2009
Two yellow-bellied gliders (Petaurus australis) had an intraerythrocytic parasite closely related to the cyst-forming coccidia (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae). The parasitaemia persisted for 3 months or more but was observed to clear within 3 years in captivity. The parasite appears not to significantly debilitate its infected host. Traditionally, using morphological identification, the intraerythrocytic parasite would have been classified within the Hepatozoon species typically found in red blood cells. However, molecular diagnostic techniques targeting the parasite's SSU rDNA and LSU rDNA demonstrated the unusual identity of this blood parasite and disputed its identity as a haemogregarine parasite of the genus Hepatozoon. The sequence was compared with available sequences from diverse mammalian and non-mammalian blood parasites (malaria, piroplasms, hemosporidia and sarcosporidia). The intraerythrocytic blood parasite was found to be most closely related to the cyst-forming coccidia including Besnoitia spp., Cystoisospora spp., Hammondia spp., Hyaloklossia lieberkuehni, Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii. The life cycle of this intraerythrocytic parasite remains unknown. The presented DNA identification demonstrates its suitability for an improved identification of blood parasites. 相似文献
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T M Craig 《Journal of animal science》1988,66(6):1565-1569
Internal parasitism is a pervasive constant that reduces returns in beef cattle production. Parasitism may influence production sufficiently so that data derived investigating performance response will be erroneous. The interaction of internal parasites of cattle with other facets of their lives makes it imperative that more parasite research be done on cattle to consider their impact. Results of trials designed to determine forage production at various stocking densities may not reflect the nutritive value of the forage, but instead the severity of parasite exposure. Relative resistance or susceptibility to certain parasites vary with the breed of livestock and the species of parasite. Extensive work to evaluate the ability of various breeds and sires to influence parasitic numbers has been conducted in sheep but not in cattle. Some parasite trials have ignored the effects of nutrition on the establishment and retention of parasites. This becomes especially important where multiple parasite exposure may occur. Susceptible cattle, even on an optimal diet, will become parasitized, but if reexposed to the same species of parasite, cattle on an optimal diet may be able to resist reinfection, whereas those on deficient diets will not. 相似文献
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The role of molecular biology in veterinary parasitology 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The tools of molecular biology are increasingly relevant to veterinary parasitology. The sequencing of the complete genomes of Caenorhabditis elegans and other helminths and protozoa is allowing great advances in studying the biology, and improving diagnosis and control of parasites. Unique DNA sequences provide very high levels of specificity for the diagnosis and identification of parasite species and strains, and PCR allows extremely high levels of sensitivity. New techniques, such as the use of uniquely designed molecular beacons and DNA microarrays will eventually allow rapid screening for specific parasite genotypes and assist in diagnostic and epidemiological studies of veterinary parasites. The ability to use genome data to clone and sequence genes which when expressed will provide antigens for vaccine screening and receptors and enzymes for mechanism-based chemotherapy screening will increase our options for parasite control. In addition, DNA vaccines can have desirable characteristics, such as sustained stimulation of the host immune system compared with protein based vaccines. One of the greatest threats to parasite control has been the development of drug resistance in parasites. Our knowledge of the basis of drug resistance and our ability to monitor its development with highly sensitive and specific DNA-based assays for 'resistance'-alleles will help maintain the effectiveness of existing antiparasitic drugs and provide hope that we can maintain control of parasitic disease outbreaks. 相似文献