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1.
重组鸡β-防御素6基因的表达和生物学特性的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
从鸡骨髓细胞中分离提取总RNA,经过RT-PCR扩增出鸡β-防御素-6(AvBD6)基因.经克隆测序表明扩增出的cDNA碱基数为204 bp,编码68个氨基酸残基.根据已发现的禽β-防御素和鼠β-防御素-6的氨基酸序列构建系统进化树.发现鸡AvBD6氨基酸序列与鸡AvBD7氨基酸序列同源性最高,为62.7%.将该基因克隆到大肠杆菌原核表达载体pGEX-6p-1上,进行原核表达.SDS-PAGE电泳表明,表达的重组鸡AvBD6融合蛋白分子量约为32 ku.对该重组蛋白进行纯化与体外抗菌活性的测定.结果表明,重组鸡AvBD6融合蛋白对多杀性巴氏杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽胞杆菌有较高抗菌活性,对大肠杆菌的抗菌活性较弱,对猪霍乱沙门氏菌无抗菌活性.重组鸡AvBD6蛋白对上述细菌的最小抑菌浓度范围为31.25μg/mL～250 μg/mL.此外,重组鸡AvBD6蛋白对温度和酸碱度有较高的稳定性.  相似文献   

2.
采用松鼠源肠道样品进行细菌分离培养和细菌16SrRNA基因PCR扩增、测序分析,并进行纸片扩散法药敏试验。结果显示,在33只赤腹松鼠肠道中分离出117株细菌,赤腹松鼠肠道内细菌类群主要有葡萄球菌属(金色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、松鼠葡萄球菌)、埃希菌属(大肠埃希菌)、芽胞杆菌属(蜡样芽胞杆菌、Weihenstephanensis芽胞杆菌、苏云金芽胞杆菌、Samanii芽胞杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌)、肠球菌属(粪肠球菌)、克雷伯菌属(肺炎克雷伯菌)、假单胞菌属(荧光假单胞菌)、明串珠菌属(肠膜样明串珠菌);粪肠球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌对大部分试验药物高度敏感,其他细菌对部分受试药物耐药。赤腹松鼠肠道细菌种群具有多样性,且存在天然耐药现象。本研究为进一步研究野生动物体内细菌携带天然耐药基因提供了素材,也为森林旅游开发的安全性评估及环境保护提供了参考。  相似文献   

3.
有研究证实,霍乱毒素(CT)A1亚基与葡萄球菌G蛋白的D肽偶联构建的融合蛋白CTA1-DD具有良好的佐剂效果。为了获得重组CTA1-DD蛋白在枯草芽胞杆菌中的表达,将CTA1-DD基因连接到表达载体pHT43中,构建重组枯草杆菌表达载体pHT43-CTA1-DD。将重组载体转化到枯草芽胞杆菌WB600中,用IPTG诱导重组菌表达,发酵液离心后取上清液,通过SDS-PAGE和Western blot方法分析蛋白表达情况。发酵上清液经Ni-IDA琼脂糖树脂纯化,与流感病毒HA抗原混合后共同滴鼻免疫小鼠后采集小鼠血清和支气管肺泡灌洗液检测IgG和IgA的抗体水平。结果显示：重组CTA1-DD蛋白在枯草芽胞杆菌中能够分泌表达,在发酵罐中发酵36 h情况下蛋白表达量最高,目的蛋白大小在42 kDa左右,蛋白产量最高能到700μg/mL,Western blot检测目的蛋白正确表达。重组蛋白经过Ni-IDA琼脂亲和层析纯化后与HA抗原混和滴鼻免疫小鼠,ELISA结果显示CTA1-DD蛋白组针对HA抗原能够诱导更高的血清IgG和黏膜IgA抗体水平,说明枯草芽胞杆菌表达的CTA1-DD蛋白具有佐剂活性...  相似文献   

4.
为进一步鉴定、分析和评价分离于鸡粪便的13株芽胞杆菌,根据枯草芽胞杆菌16 S rRNA 序列设计特异性引物,PCR 扩增13株分离于鸡粪便的芽胞杆菌,将扩增片段测序并分析同源性;将鉴定的枯草芽胞杆菌进行耐酸、耐胆盐、耐高温等试验,同时用不同剂量菌液分别以不同方式感染小鼠,定期称重、观察各脏器病理变化和计算主要脏器系数。结果显示,Q04、Q05、Q09与 GenBank 公布的枯草芽胞杆菌16 S rRNA 序列同源性为99％,且 Q04在 pH2．5,胆盐浓度2 g／L 以及100℃时生长良好;感染小鼠全部健康存活,体重均有增加;小鼠脏器无病变,脏器系数无显著差异（P ＞0．05）。由结果可知,分离鉴定菌株 Q04、Q05、Q09为枯草芽胞杆菌,其中 Q04具有更好的生物学特性,并且对小鼠安全无毒,可作为微生态制剂的候选菌株。  相似文献   

5.
目前,我国全面禁止饲料中添加抗生素,寻找新型的抗生素替代物是当前研究的热点之一。本研究旨在分离枯草芽胞杆菌SXAU18所产具有抗菌活性的蛋白物质,并通过原核表达系统获得其具有抗菌活性的重组蛋白。试验选用硫酸铵沉淀、氯仿抽提、分子截留等蛋白提取技术,对枯草芽胞杆菌SXAU18产生的抗菌蛋白进行分离纯化;通过SDS-PAGE技术和牛津杯扩散法检测分离到的蛋白物质的抑菌活性;通过质谱、生物信息学技术分析预测目的蛋白的基因序列;利用大肠杆菌表达系统和AKTA蛋白纯化系统对目的蛋白进行表达和纯化;借助牛津杯扩散法鉴定重组蛋白的抑菌活性。结果表明,枯草芽胞杆菌SXAU18所产的抗菌物质为相对分子质量15 ku左右的蛋白质,含有共同的特定氨基酸序列—GSSIFGLAPGK,对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌和单增李斯特菌有较好的抑菌活性;通过质谱分析和生物信息学推测SXAU18所产的（主要）抑菌蛋白为DarA;经诱导表达的重组蛋白DarA主要以可溶性上清蛋白形式存在,纯化后的DarA蛋白为单一条带,并具有良好的抑菌活性。结果提示,分离自枯草芽胞杆菌SXAU18的抗菌蛋白DarA具有抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌和单增李斯特菌生长的活性,且可以通过体外表达获取该蛋白。  相似文献   

6.
鸡抗菌肽属β-防御素类，在鸡的先天性免疫中发挥重要作用。本研究将克隆得到的鸡β-防御素-10基因（AvBD10）亚克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-6p-1中构建了重组表达质粒pGEX-AvBD10。将重组质粒转化至BL21，于37℃用IPTG诱导培养不同时间，SDS-PAGE电泳与灰度扫描显示该重组蛋白表达量占菌体总蛋白的34．3％。表达的AvBD10融合蛋白以包涵体的形式存在，分子量约为31ku。重组蛋白经纯化后，以对数生长中期的大肠杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌和猪霍乱沙门氏菌为检测菌，利用薄层平皿琼脂糖孔穴扩散法测定了重组鸡AvBD10蛋白的抗菌活性。结果显示，重组鸡AvBD10蛋白对大肠杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌有抗菌活性。此外，重组鸡AvBD10蛋白在-70℃～100℃及在pH4-pH10条件下仍具有抗茵活性。  相似文献   

7.
根据GenBank公开序列自行设计一对引物，采用RT—PCR扩增出鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（Infectious bronchitis virus，IBV）W和C9001分离株完整的核衣壳（N）基因，并将其克隆至pMD18-T载体进行核苷酸序列测定和分析。结果表明，扩增的2个IBV分离株核衣壳基因片段长度均为1230bp，编码409个氨基酸，彼此间核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为88．0％和89．5％，与GenBank中有代表性的参考毒株相应基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列比较显示，w株核苷酸序列与GenBank中的广东分离株（AY646283）同源性最高，为94．1％，氨基酸序列同源性为94．6％；与国内部分毒株核苷酸序列同源性在86．1％～88．0％之间，氨基酸序列同源性在88．0％～90．7％之间；C9001株与国内部分毒株核苷酸序列同源性在86．4％～99．8％之间，氨基酸序列同源性在88．0％～99．8％之间。从核衣壳基因编码的氨基酸序列的系统进化树可见，W株与C9001株处于不同的进化分枝，亲缘关系较远。同时将核衣壳基因构建于真核表达质粒pVAX1中，用脂质体法将重组质粒转染入COS-7细胞中，间接免疫荧光检测出核衣壳蛋白的体外表达。研究结果为进一步研究IBV核衣壳蛋白的结构与功能以及基因工程疫苗的研制奠定了基础。  相似文献   

8.
本试验旨在研究黄曲霉毒素分解酶(ADTZ)基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达与应用。试验通过构建枯草芽孢杆菌ADTZ基因的整合表达载体,将ADTZ基因整合到野生型枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis LN)中,通过十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)初步检测ADTZ蛋白的表达情况。将重组枯草芽孢杆菌作为发酵菌种接种到发霉玉米中进行发酵试验,检测发霉玉米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)含量的变化,验证ADTZ基因在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达效果。结果表明,通过构建整合表达载体成功将ADTZ基因整合到枯草芽孢杆菌基因组中,在SDS-PAGE上检测到重组枯草芽孢杆菌能够分泌表达特异性蛋白条带。经过重组菌发酵的发霉玉米AFB1的含量较未接种和接种野生型枯草芽孢杆菌发酵的发霉玉米AFB1的含量差异显著(P0.05)。由此可见,ADTZ基因可成功整合到野生型枯草芽孢杆菌中,并进行了胞外分泌表达,表达产物具有生物活性,能有效地降解AFB1。  相似文献   

9.
通过形态学和16S rDNA序列分析方法,从绵羊瘤胃内容物中分离得到的细菌中鉴定出枯草芽胞杆菌。根据GenBank中已知Bacillus subtilis木聚糖酶基因序列设计带有酶切位点的引物,克隆到2条不同的木聚糖基因序列。通过酶切和连接等相关分子方法成功构建出以pMG36e为载体的表达木聚糖酶的重组质粒,转化到乳酸球菌粒MG1363后,均能高效表达,酶活性分别为28.29 U/mL和7.11 U/mL,比原枯草芽胞杆菌酶活2.17 U/mL高出13.04倍和3.28倍。  相似文献   

10.
对狂犬病病毒（RV）ERA株核蛋白（N）基因进行了克隆和序列分析。根据GenBank中已发表的RVN基因序列，设计合成了1对特异性引物，对RV ERA株N基因进行了RT-PCR扩增。将PCR产物纯化后与pMD18T连接得到重组质粒pMD-N，并进行核苷酸序列测定。结果该基因全长1353bp，编码450个氨基酸。RV ERA株与CVS-11、PV-11、SRV9和SAD—B19株相比，核苷酸的同源性分别为98％、98．3％、99％、99.6％，推导的氨基酸的同源性分别为98％、99％、99％、99.6％。将pMD-N双酶切，回收目的基因片段并克隆到原核表达载体pET28a（＋）中，构建了重组质粒pETN；将其转化表达菌BL21（DE3）并用IPTG进行诱导表达。结果重组菌裂解物经SDS-PAGE电泳可检测到相对分子量为53kDa的重组蛋白。经凝胶薄层扫描分析，重组蛋白表达量占菌体蛋白的56．8％，Western-blot结果显示该重组蛋白能与RV多克隆抗体发生特异性反应。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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