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1.
马兴杰  罗亚坤  崔尚金 《养猪》2014,(5):109-112
从吉林某猪场疑似猪伪狂犬病发病仔猪的脑组织病料中分离出1株病毒，感染猪以后病理变化明显，经幼仓鼠肾传代细胞系（BHK-21）接种、毒价测定、病毒形态观察、PCR扩增及相关动物试验证实为猪伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）野毒，并命名为PRV-JL。经BHK-21接种，病毒生长良好；毒价稳定，可达10-7.59/0.2 mL；电镜负染观察到病毒粒子呈椭圆或圆形外观，无囊膜的病毒粒子直径约110-150 nm，有囊膜的成熟病毒粒子直径约150-180 nm；PCR鉴定该毒株为强毒，其gE序列与Genbank登录的PRV gE序列同源性为99%-100%；本研究构建了小鼠的感染模型，并进行了病毒载量检测，结果用不同剂量病毒培养物接种Balb/C小鼠，小鼠死亡明显，最初在其脑组织中检测到PRV病原，随后在肾、肺、心逐步检出，试验初步证实了PRV的脑组织嗜性。试验表明， PRV-JL是1株强毒，对易感动物具有高致病性，为进一步开展该病毒流行病学、致病机理、疫苗免疫与诊断研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

2.
从辽宁某猪场采集病料,经处理后接种BHK-21细胞进行猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)分离,结果有2份病料在该细胞上盲传后可见典型的CPE,经测定其毒价为10-7.8 TCID50/mL。间接免疫荧光试验可见黄绿色荧光,用电镜对纯化的病毒进行观察,可见有囊膜包裹的圆形病毒粒子,直径为140~200 nm。该病毒对氯仿、乙醚、酸和热敏感。对有CPE的细胞培养物进行RT-PCR,结果为阳性。接种试验动物出现典型的猪伪狂犬病临床症状且死亡。结果表明,成功分离到1株PRV。  相似文献   

3.
猪伪狂犬病病毒新W株的分离与鉴定   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
从新疆五家渠、石河子某猪场病死仔猪的大脑和内脏组织中分离到一株疑为猪伪狂犬病病毒 ( PRV)毒株 ,通过兔体接种、BHK-2 1细胞培养、理化特性测定、中和试验、实验兔和仔猪回归试验、电镜观察、PCR扩增及感染力测定 ,分离的病毒接种实验兔后发生奇痒并麻痹致死 ;BHK-2 1细胞培养盲传 4代出现典型细胞病变 ;电镜观察可见病毒粒子呈圆形并带有囊膜和纤突 ;回归兔出现典型奇痒症状 ,仔猪出现典型的症状和病理变化 ;分离的病毒能被 PR鄂 A株标准阳性血清中和 ;该病毒对氯仿、乙醚、酸、热敏感 ;PCR体外扩增可见其与鄂 A株在同一水平位置上有相同的电泳带 ;用 BHK-2 1细胞测定其毒价 TCID50 为 10 -1 0 .87/0 .1m L 根据此分离病毒株的上述特性 ,鉴定其为伪狂犬病病毒  相似文献   

4.
采集浙江某猪场疑似猪伪狂犬病发病仔猪的脑、脾脏等组织病料,经PCR检测为猪伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)野毒感染,用BHK-21细胞进行病毒的分离培养,结果显示该病毒能引起典型的细胞病变,第4代病毒液毒价达107.0 TCID50/mL;PCR和动物回归试验结果表明该分离株为PRV,并将其命名为PRV ZJ株。将第4代病毒液制备成油乳剂灭活苗,免疫2 kg左右家兔,免疫后28 d采血并攻毒,测定其免疫原性,结果显示血清中和指数为13490,保护率为100%。本试验结果表明PRV ZJ株有很好的免疫原性,为进一步开展疫苗研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

5.
鲍玉林 《中国畜牧兽医》2012,39(11):198-200
从临床疑似猪伪狂犬病发病仔猪的脑组织等病料中,经PCR扩增出大小为217 bp的伪狂犬病病毒gp50的基因片段,结果证实为猪伪狂犬病病毒(porcine pseudorabies virus,PRV)感染。随后采用BHK-21细胞进行猪伪狂犬病病毒的分离培养,该分离株经细胞传代培养5代后,能够产生典型的细胞病变,经PCR鉴定为伪狂犬病病毒,其病毒感染力达108.68 TCID50/0.1mL。最后用107.0 TCID50/mL病毒培养物接种家兔,48 h后注射部位出现典型瘙痒、皮肤破损等症状,于72 h后全部死亡。结果表明,该伪狂犬病病毒分离株对易感动物具有高致病性,为进一步开展该病毒流行病学、致病机理、疫苗免疫及诊断研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
为了从北京市周边郊区某猪场发病仔猪的脑组织中分离到伪狂犬病病毒,试验采用细胞培养、空斑纯化、PCR鉴定、动物感染试验、电镜观察的方法进行分离。结果表明:家兔接种病毒后可引起典型的伪狂犬病症状,继而死亡;PK-15细胞接种病毒出现典型细胞病变,毒价为1×108TCID50/m L;电镜观察可见圆形、有囊膜、直径为150~180 nm大小的病毒颗粒;PCR反应可扩增出特异性长为1 783 bp的DNA片段。说明该分离株为猪伪狂犬病病毒野毒株。  相似文献   

7.
伪狂犬病病毒弱毒株LY株的分离鉴定   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
从辽阳某猪场的10日龄仔猪中分离到1株病毒,经纯化后测得其毒价为107.29TCID50/mL.细胞中和试验表明,该病毒能被猪伪狂犬病病毒标准阳性血清所中和.电镜下可见到典型的疱疹病毒粒子,具有囊膜及外周纤突.所分离的病毒对氯仿、胰蛋白酶、乙醚敏感,在pH5.0～9.0下稳定,56℃ 30 min可以灭活.应用特异性引物,通过PCR能扩增出伪狂犬病病毒1 240 bp的gD基因.分离病毒对3日龄乳鼠有一定的致病力,但对家兔、3～5日龄仔猪及妊娠母猪都有很高的安全性.用不同剂量的病毒培养液肌肉注射于3～5日龄仔猪,14 d后用105.7TCID50伪狂犬病病毒强毒攻击,所有试验仔猪均可得到有效保护.用分离毒免疫母猪,其后代可获高滴度的母源抗体,15日龄的仔猪能抵抗105.7TCID50强毒的攻击.试验的结果初步说明,所分离的病毒为伪狂犬病病毒(命名为PRV LY株),并可能是一株弱毒株,而且具有很好的免疫保护作用.  相似文献   

8.
伪狂犬病病毒北京株的纯化及电镜观察   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
将伪狂犬病病毒（ＰｒＶ）北京株细胞培养物经超速离心沉淀后，用质量分数３０％、３５％、４０％、４５％蔗糖密度梯度离心，收集病毒蛋白带，经１０ｇ／Ｌ醋酸负负染色后电镜观察病毒粒子形态。结果表明，病毒粒子主要集中于３５－４０％蔗糖界面处，有囊膜病毒粒子直径约为１５０－２１０ｎｍ，无囊膜病毒粒子直径约为１００－１６０ｎｍ，证明上述纯化ＰｒＶ的方法是可行的，为今后建立分抗ＰｒＶ杂交瘤细胞株及开展基因工程抗  相似文献   

9.
从吉林省长春市某猪场送检的一头发热、流涎、肌肉痉挛、角弓反张的9日龄仔猪中分离到一株病毒。该病毒能在猪肾细胞(PK-15),仓鼠肾细胞(BHK-21)和非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero)增殖并产生典型的细胞病变(CPE),从流行病学,临床症状和病理变化均与伪狂犬病相似,该病毒能被伪狂犬病毒阳性血清中和,电镜观察可见椭圆形、直径为110-180nm典型疤疹病毒粒子,用该病毒接种家免和小白鼠均出现典型的伪狂犬病症状。经鉴定,证明此病毒确为伪狂犬病病毒(PRV),并将该病毒命名为PRVCC株。  相似文献   

10.
2013年下半年,福建某免疫接种过猪伪狂犬病疫苗(Bartha)的规模化猪场大批妊娠母猪发生流产、新生仔猪发生共济失调的神经症状,疑似为猪伪狂犬病病毒感染发病症状,为确定发病原因,从该猪场疑似伪狂犬病病毒感染的仔猪脑、肝脏和肺脏中分离到一株未知病毒,PCR检测及测序比对鉴定为猪伪狂犬病病毒,并将分离的病毒命名为NP株。用Reed-Muench法测定分离株病毒的组织细胞半数感染量(TCID50)为10-9.13/0.1mL,动物攻毒试验出现猪伪狂犬病病毒感染的典型症状。试验结果表明,成功分离到一株猪伪狂犬病病毒毒株,为研究福建省猪群伪狂犬病病毒分子流行病学奠定基础。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

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