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《中国兽医杂志》2016,(4)
为建立一种简单、快速、灵敏、准确的产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)检测方法,根据产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌毛(K88)和毒素(STa和LT)基因分别设计合成了1对引物,对K88、STa和LT基因扩增条件进行优化,建立了检测K88、STa和LT的三重PCR方法。该方法对K88、STa和LT基因的扩增产物分别为499 bp,190 bp和373 bp;此外,该方法具有良好的灵敏性和特异性。本实验建立的三重PCR方法为致幼畜腹泻ETEC的检测提供了快速准确方法。用所建立的三重PCR方法对实验室从临床腹泻样品中分离的120株大肠杆菌进行检测,结果 9株为K88/LT/STa阳性,14株为K88/LT阳性,21株K88/STa阳性,13株LT/STa阳性,8株K88阳性,2株LT阳性,12株STa阳性。 相似文献
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牛产肠毒素大肠杆菌毒力因子多重PCR检测方法的建立 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
通过多重PCR扩增产肠毒素大肠杆菌（enterotoxigentic E.coli，ETEC）的毒力因子F41菌毛、K99菌毛和STa肠毒素的编码基因来检测和鉴定ETEC。试验中对影响PCR扩增的dNTP、Mg^2＋、引物浓度以及退火温度等因素进行优化，在优化条件的基础上，确定多重PCR的特异性和灵敏性，以此建立同时检测ETEC多个毒力因子的多重PCR方法。用该方法对分离于犊牛腹泻和犊牛肠毒血症的7株大肠杆菌进行检测，结果2株为F41、K99和STa阳性，4株为F41、STa阳性，1株为K99STa阳性。这与玻片凝集试验检测菌毛的结果一致。试验表明，该方法特异性强、敏感性高、简便、快速，适用于临床鉴定和检测牛ETEC菌株。 相似文献
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为了快速检测和鉴定产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌毛(K88和K99)基因,本研究设计合成了针对K88、K99的2对特异性引物,对扩增条件进行优化,建立了检测K88和K99的双重PCR方法。该方法对K88、K99基因的扩增产物大小分别为237和314 bp;最终确定dNTP终浓度0.4 mmol/L,K88、K99的引物终浓度均为25 μmol/L,退火温度为52℃。试验结果表明,该方法具有良好的灵敏性和特异性。用所建立的双重PCR方法对实验室分离的23株大肠杆菌进行检测,结果显示,K88单重PCR阳性2株,K99单重PCR阳性3株,K88和K99双重PCR阳性5株。本研究建立的双重PCR检测方法为致幼畜腹泻产肠毒素大肠杆菌的快速准确检测提供了方法。 相似文献
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肠毒素大肠杆菌((Ent erot oxi geni c E.col i,ETEC)是引起犊牛腹泻的主要病原之一。本试验建立了多重PCR检测ETEC毒力因子F41菌毛、K99菌毛和STa、LT肠毒素相关基因的技术方法。试验对影响PCR扩增的dNTP、引物浓度以及退火温度等因素进行优化,确定了多重PCR的特异性和灵敏性。结果表明:所建立的多重PCR方法快速、特异、灵敏,在2.5h-3h内就可以完成,为致犊牛腹泻肠毒素大肠杆菌的快速准确检测提供另一种选择。 相似文献
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检测K88~+肠毒素性大肠杆菌PCR方法的建立 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以K8 8菌毛结构基因保守序列为靶序列 ,设计合成了一对可扩增长 2 0 1bp的目的片段的引物 ,成功地建立了检测肠毒素性大肠杆菌(ETEC)K88菌毛基因的PCR方法。进行了PCR方法的特异性试验和敏感性试验。对K99+ ,F41 + ,987p+ 参考菌株和鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌 ,链球菌 ,金黄色葡萄球菌和猪肺疫巴氏杆菌的检测结果均为阴性 ;该检测方法的敏感度可达 1 0个细菌。用此方法对 1 0株腹泻仔猪粪便分离物进行检测 ,结果有 2株阳性 ;与血清学检测的结果一致。结果表明此方法特异性和敏感性都很高 ,可用于临床K88+ 肠毒素性大肠杆菌病的快速诊断和流行病学调查 相似文献
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为了对猪源产肠毒素性大肠杆菌（ETEC）的4种主要菌毛（K88、K99、F41和987p）进行快速检测和分型，建立了检测4种菌毛的多重PCR方法。首先设计合成4对4种菌毛特异性的引物，然后用4种菌毛参考ETEC菌株优化了多重PCR方法。该方法对K88、K99、F41和987p 4种菌毛的扩增产物分别为201，314，380和459bp。对4种扩增产物分别进行酶切鉴定，结果均得到与预期一致的2个片段。对各个参考菌株不同组合的检测结果为100％符合。结果表明，该多重PCR方法具有很好的特异性和敏感性，可用于ETEC性腹泻的辅助诊断及ETEC菌毛抗原分型检测。 相似文献
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为建立一种可以同时扩增大肠杆菌(E.coli)F4、F5、F6、F41和F18菌毛基因保守序列的多重PCR检测方法,本研究设计合成5对分别针对F4、F5、F6、F41和F18菌毛基因的特异性引物,以具有相应菌毛基因的E.coli参考菌株DNA为模板,通过对多重PCR反应条件的优化,建立了检测F4、F5、F6、F41和F18菌毛基因的多重PCR方法。所建立的多重PCR方法能够特异性扩增F4、F5、F6、F41、F18菌毛基因的目的片段,大小分别为770 bp、533 bp、422 bp、643 bp和1140 bp,该方法对沙门氏菌、猪丹毒杆菌、巴氏杆菌以及无菌毛基因的E.coli等参考菌株均无特异性扩增片段,检出F4、F5、F6、F41和F18菌毛基因的最低活菌浓度分别为5.3×10^5cfu/mL、3.7×10^6cfu/mL、3.1×10^5cfu/mL、3.7×10^7cfu/mL、6.9×10^5cfu/mL。用不同批次的引物和试剂进行3次多重PCR检测均能扩增出目的条带,表明建立的多重PCR方法有很好的批内和批间重复性。对90株大肠杆菌临床分离菌株菌毛基因进行检测,F4阳性率为3.33%,F5阳性率为2.22%,未检测到F6、F41和F18阳性菌株,其检测结果与常规单一PCR的检测结果一致。研究表明:建立的E.coli菌毛基因多重PCR分型方法具有很好的特异性、敏感性和重复性,可用于E.coli分离菌株菌毛基因型的快速鉴定,同时提高了检测效率。 相似文献
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检测987p^＋肠毒素性大肠埃希氏菌PCR方法的建立 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以987p菌毛结构基因保守序列为靶序列，设计合成了1对可扩增459bp目的片段的引物，建立了检测肠毒素性大肠埃希氏菌987p菌毛基因的PCR方法。该方法对K88^ ( 为菌毛阳性）、K99^ 、F41^ 参考菌株和链球菌、葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌的检测结果均为阴性；该方法的敏感度可达10^2CFU，对20株腹泻仔猪粪例分离物进行检测，有1株为阳性，与血清学检测的结果一致。结果表明，此方法特异性和敏感性都很高，可用于临床987p肠毒素性大肠埃希氏菌病的快速诊断和流行病学调查。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献