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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(16)
为了确诊秦皇岛市昌黎县某肉牛养殖场肉牛肺炎的病因,试验对肉牛肺脏中的病原进行分离培养,并对纯化培养的分离菌采取革兰氏染色、细菌生化鉴定及16S rDNA鉴定,对分离菌进行药敏试验和小鼠致病性试验。结果表明:从病死牛严重病变的肺脏实质部分离到一株优势菌,为革兰氏阴性杆菌。生化试验结果表明,该优势菌与铜绿假单胞菌符合率高达99.9%,将该分离菌命名为PaQHD-1。16S rDNA鉴定结果表明,PaQHD-1与铜绿假单胞菌参考菌株处于同一分支,并且同源性在99%以上。PaQHD-1仅对环丙沙星表现敏感,对其余的14种抗生素均表现耐药;分离菌可致小鼠死亡,小鼠死亡率100%(5/5)。说明本次致牛肺炎的病原为铜绿假单胞菌,且该分离菌具有一定的致病性及耐药性。 相似文献
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为查明养殖场引起牛只呼吸道疾病的病原菌,采集患病牛鼻拭子,采用实验室方法进行细菌的分离鉴定;通过细菌毒力基因的检测、致病性试验、药敏试验分析分离菌生物学特性;并明确22种中草药对其抑杀效果。结果表明,分离菌为两端钝圆革兰氏阴性短杆菌,16SrRNA基因序列与GeneBank铜绿假单胞菌比对相似序列达到100%,表明分离菌株为铜绿假单胞菌;菌株携带Exo S、Exo Y毒力基因,8h内可致小鼠死亡。药敏试验结果显示,该菌对环丙沙星极为敏感,对阿米卡星、新霉素、复方新诺明等9种药物中度敏感;中草药药敏试验结果显示,乌梅、五倍子、五味子对分离菌具有较好的抑菌作用,其MIC分别为31.25mg/mL和62.50mg/mL,对病原菌的生长繁殖具有较好抑制作用。本研究为该病的防控提供参考。 相似文献
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半滑舌鳎致病性荧光假单胞菌的分离鉴定及其感染的病理损伤 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国兽医学报》2016,(7):1145-1150
2015年6月,河北省秦皇岛市某养殖场半滑舌鳎发生以腹水、烂尾、内脏器官肿大、出血与坏死为特征的疾病。从自然发病的半滑舌鳎肝脏与肾脏中分离到1株细菌,通过细菌形态观察、培养特性、生化特性分析、动物试验和16SrRNA基因序列分析等方法,对该病原菌进行了分析鉴定。结果显示:致病菌株为革兰阴性杆菌,培养特性、生化特性分析与荧光假单胞菌较接近,以16SrRNA基因为遗传标记构建系统发育树,致病菌菌株与荧光假单胞菌菌株相似性为99%。结果表明:本次引起半滑舌鳎腹水烂尾病的病原菌为荧光假单胞菌。对分离到的菌株进行了常用抗药物的药敏试验,该菌对氧氟沙星、氨曲南、红霉素等药物高度敏感,对利福平、妥布霉素等药物中度敏感,对卡那霉素、新霉素不敏感。组织病理学观察发现,荧光假单胞菌感染半滑舌鳎对多个组织器官都造成明显的病理损伤,尤其是肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、肠及脑的损伤较为严重,表现为明显的淤血、出血,变性、坏死及炎症细胞浸润。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2015,(11)
从濒死蛤蚧的肝脏、肾脏分离出2株革兰阴性杆菌(L1,L2),对分离菌株进行形态学、培养特性、生化特性和分子生物学鉴定,并进行动物毒性试验。结果显示,2株细菌基因组DNA均可扩增得到大小为1 450 bp的特异性片段,该序列与GenBank上已经登录的铜绿色假单胞菌和弗氏柠檬酸杆菌序列同源性分别达到99%和98%。结合以上几种鉴定方法最终确定L1,L2为铜绿色假单胞菌和弗氏柠檬酸杆菌。动物毒性试验证明,其对小鼠有较强的致病性。体外药敏试验表明,铜绿色假单胞菌对头孢他啶、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星高度敏感;弗氏柠檬酸杆菌对头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、丁胺卡那霉素高度敏感。 相似文献
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奶牛乳腺炎是制约奶牛养殖效益和奶品质的主要疾病之一，为了解当前长春市某大型集约化奶牛场奶牛乳腺炎病原菌流行和耐药情况，本试验对该场奶牛乳腺炎发病情况进行了调查，对采集的119份临床型乳腺炎乳样进行细菌分离鉴定并对分离鉴定的病原菌进行小鼠致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示：该场奶牛乳腺炎发病率在4%左右，初产牛乳腺炎发病率明显高于经产牛，乳腺炎发病率还与胎次、年龄等因素相关。本试验共分离鉴定出木糖葡萄球菌49株(42.2%)、松鼠葡萄球菌39株(33.6%)、大肠杆菌15株(12.9%)、金黄色葡萄球菌5株(4.3%)、无乳链球菌3株(2.6%)、菠萝泛菌3株(2.6%)、产酸克雷伯菌1株(0.9%)和铜绿假单胞菌1株(0.9%);其中菠萝泛菌、无乳链球菌和铜绿假单胞菌对小鼠具有较强致病性。药敏试验结果显示，分离菌株的耐药性普遍存在，大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌耐药种类最多。除无乳链球菌外，其他菌株均对庆大霉素或阿米卡星敏感，可作为该场奶牛乳腺炎治疗首选药物。本试验通过对该场乳腺炎调查、分离菌鉴定和耐药性分析，为该场乳腺炎的防治提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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从患病鲟体内分离到1株细菌,通过形态学观察、生理生化特性鉴定、16SrRNA基因序列分析及系统进化树构建等方法对分离菌种属进行确定,采用纸片扩散法对分离菌进行药物敏感性分析。结果显示:分离菌为革兰阴性杆菌;可分解葡萄糖和木糖,氧化酶和鸟氨酸脱羧酶试验阳性;16SrRNA基因测序分析与荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)同源性大于99%,在系统发育树上与荧光假单胞菌聚为一枝;药敏结果显示,分离菌对氧氟沙星、多西环素、复方新诺明等敏感,对氟苯尼考、卡那霉素、阿莫西林等耐药;人工感染试验结果显示,该菌对小鼠有致病力。本研究为贵州地区鲟细菌性疾病预防及合理用药提供依据。 相似文献
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Molecular epidemiology of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from China and Southeast Asia 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
In order to trace the origin and evolution of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates in China and Southeast Asia, genomic sequencing was used for molecular characterization of 24 IBV isolates and two reference strains in comparison with the published sequences. The 5' region of the S1 genes, containing hypervariable regions I and II, and 3' region of the nucleocapsid genes, containing cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes, were used to construct phylogenetic trees for analysis. The results showed that the 24 isolates could be divided into three distinct groups, that is, American, Asian, and European. Some isolates formed a distinct Asian phylogenetic group, suggesting that IBV has existed for some time in Asia. Our results also showed that in vivo recombination of IBV may have occurred at a rather high frequency, contributing to the diversity of these IBV isolates. Importantly, recombination events have probably occurred between vaccine strains and field strains in the natural condition. 相似文献
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为调查鸭源致病性大肠杆菌氟苯尼考耐药基因floR的存在情况,利用PCR对20株临床分离的耐氟苯尼考的致病性大肠杆菌进行floR分子检测,分子检测结果显示,全部菌株floR基因阳性;对其中2株大肠杆菌的氟苯尼考耐药基因floR进行了克隆和测序,结果表明,鸭源大肠杆菌floR基因片段的克隆测序结果与预期所得片段结果相符,长度为753 bp,2株鸭源大肠杆菌floR基因的同源性为99.6%,与牛源、鸡源等floR基因的同源性为84.8%～99.9%。系统发育分析发现,2株鸭源大肠杆菌floR基因不在同一支上,亲缘关系较远,表明floR基因的亲缘关系与该基因的来源动物无关。 相似文献
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鸭源致病性大肠杆菌耐氟苯尼考floR基因的克隆与序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为调查鸭源致病性大肠杆菌氟苯尼考耐药基因floR的存在情况,利用PCR对20株临床分离的耐氟苯尼考的致病性大肠杆菌进行floR分子检测,分子检测结果显示,全部菌株floR基因阳性;对其中2株大肠杆菌的氟苯尼考耐药基因floR进行了克隆和测序,结果表明,鸭源大肠杆菌floR基因片段的克隆测序结果与预期所得片段结果相符,长度为753 bp,2株鸭源大肠杆菌floR基因的同源性为99.6%,与牛源、鸡源等floR基因的同源性为84.8%~99.9%。系统发育分析发现,2株鸭源大肠杆菌floR基因不在同一支上,亲缘关系较远,表明floR基因的亲缘关系与该基因的来源动物无关。 相似文献
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动物园野生动物支气管败血波氏杆菌的分离鉴定与系统发育树的构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用Biolog和16SrRNA基因序列分析法对分离自北京动物园的8株支气管败血波氏杆菌进行了鉴定。菌株经纯化培养,用Biolog微生物鉴定系统进行了鉴定,结果表明,8株菌株为支气管败血波氏杆菌。菌株经纯化培养,采用菌落PCR方法进行16SrRNA基因序列扩增,扩增产物纯化后直接进行测序。序列经人工校对后用ClustalX1.83软件进行比对分析,最后用Mega3.1软件构建系统发育树,系统发育分析结果表明,8株菌株与支气管败血波氏杆菌DSM10303的同源性达到了99.9%,并在同一个分支内。 相似文献
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坦布苏病毒鸡源分离株全基因组及遗传变异分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解引起鸡产蛋骤降的坦布苏病毒全基因组分子特征,本试验运用RT-PCR技术克隆测定了2株坦布苏病毒鸡源分离株全基因组序列,其基因组为10 990nt,包含1个10 278nt的开放阅读框架,与GenBank数据库中登录的坦布苏病毒参考株一致,与2010年以来的坦布苏病毒毒株核苷酸及推导氨基酸同源性均在98%以上,与2010年前的坦布苏病毒核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性仅分别为88%和96%左右。基于坦布苏病毒全基因组序列的分子系统进化分析,发现2株鸡源坦布苏病毒与2010年以来分离的各种禽源坦布苏病毒株均处于同一大的进化分支,且相互间的遗传距离均小于2%。以上研究结果表明,坦布苏病毒鸡源分离株与其他禽源病毒分离株的基因组差异不明显,各分离株亲缘关系非常近。 相似文献
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The purpose of the present study was the genetic characterization, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences of Cryptosporidium isolates obtained from different animal hosts in Brazil. Fecal samples containing Cryptosporidium oocysts were obtained from chickens, ducks, quails, guinea pigs, dairy calves, dogs and cats. For amplification of 18S rDNA sequences the Secondary-PCR product of the extracted DNA from fecal suspension of each studied animal was utilized. The primary genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium sp. was performed using RFLP with the enzymes SspI and VspI. DNA samples were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The results showed C. baileyi infecting two ducks and one quail and C. melagridis infecting one chicken. The sequences obtained from Cryptosporidium sp. infecting guinea pigs were not identified within groups of known Cryptosporidium species. The isolates found parasitizing cats and one dog were diagnosed as C. felis and C. canis, respectively. One isolate of calf origin was identified as C. parvum. The phylogenetic analysis showed clear distribution of isolates between two Cryptosporidium sp. groups according to their gastric or intestinal parasitism. A great genetic distance was observed between C. felis and C. canis from Brazil when compared to the reference sequences obtained from GenBank. The results obtained during this study constitute the first report of rDNA sequences from C. baileyi, C. meleagridis, C. felis, C. canis and C. parvum isolated in Brazil. 相似文献
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With the aim of achieve a better understanding of the epidemiology and distribution of bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) infection in Chile, we assessed the suitability of using DNA isolated from the leukocyte fraction of bulk milk samples to carry out PCR-RFLP and DNA sequence analysis. The env fragment of BLV was successfully amplified from 33 serologically positive bulk milk samples collected from different geographical areas in the south of Chile. Restriction analysis allowed to classify 17 isolates within the Australian subgroup and 16 within the Belgium subgroup. DNA sequence and multiple alignment analysis of eight Chilean isolates showed a significantly higher frequency of single and double nucleotide substitutions. Most of these mutations were non-silent, resulting in changes at the protein level in several important epitopes of gp51. The Chilean sequences and 59 BLV env sequences available at GenBank, were subjected to a phylogenetic analysis, resulting in four different clusters. The groups identified were not related to those previously defined by restriction analysis. Chilean isolates were included in two different clusters and were genetically not related to isolates collected from neighbouring countries. Considering our results we can conclude: (i) bulk milk samples are suitable to identify the presence of BLV allowing epidemiological and genetic studies to be conducted on large geographical areas; (ii) at least four different genetic groups of BLV were identified by phylogenetic analysis, with Chilean isolates included in two different sub clusters. 相似文献
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒ORF5基因的遗传变异和系统进化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)毒株间变异广泛,而且这种变异能够筛选出强毒株。在结构蛋白中GP5的变异率最高,其变异能够导致病毒毒力的变化。为了确定PRRSV在我国的进化趋势和毒力增强的原因,对从2003年以来分离到14株PRRSV GP5蛋白的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列进行分析并构建了系统进化树。结果显示2006年以来从国内分离的毒株其糖基化位点发生了明显改变,并且在系统进化树上形成了新的分支,进化分析显示它们可能来源于1995年的中国分离株CH-1 a。 相似文献