Chromosome constitution in G2 and G3 progenies of 6x-triticale × T. turgidum L. hybrids     

A. Bernardo  P. Luengo  N. Jouve 《Euphytica》1988,37(2):157-166

Summary Rye chromosome constitution and stability in a series of plants of G2 and G3 generations obtained after the cross between hexaploid triticale and durum wheat (F1: 2n=5x=35; genomes AA BB R) are studied using the zymogram phenotype expression for the following isozyme marker genes: Mdh-2c1 (1R), Cpx-c2 (2R), Got-3-c1 (3R), Pgm-c1 (4R), Est-c6 (6R), Got-2-c1 (6R), Acph-c1 (7R) and Got-1-c1 (7R). The results were corroborated using C-banding in a sample of the plant population studied and make clear the utility of biochemical methods in quick cytogenetic analysis. From the results, a different rate of transmission for each rye chromosome is inferred.  相似文献   

Use of haploids of Beta vulgaris L. for the study of orcein and giemsa stained chromosomes     

J. H. De Jong  T. S. M. De Bock 《Euphytica》1978,27(1):41-47

Summary Some haploids isolated among the progeny from crosses involving several genotypically different motherplants of Beta vulgaris L., were used for an investigation on chromosome morphology of the genus Beta.The length of both the long and short arms proved to vary considerably for each chromosome, so that a representative idiogram of the 9 chromosomes could not be made. Staining the chromosomes according to the BSG-technique revealed only bands in the centromere regions. However, one chromosome with a narrow band in the short arm could be identified, which was supposed to be the nucleolar chromosome. The C-bands presumably correlate with the heterochromatic blocks as observed in mitotic and meiotic (pachytene) prophase.This study was part of a project on cytogenetics of interspecific hybrids resistent to beet cyst eelworm, supported by the Institute of Rational Sugar Production,Bergen op Zoom, the Netherlands.  相似文献   

Identification for H. villosa chromatin in wheat lines using genomic in situ hybridization, C-banding and gliadin electrophoresis techniques     

M.Q. Yu  J. Chen  G.B. Deng  M. Cerbah  X.R. Ma  O. Panaud  S. Yakovlev 《Euphytica》2001,121(2):157-162

Detection of H. villosa chromosomes in telosomic addition and translocation lines of common wheat was undertaken using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), C-banding techniques and polyacrylamide gels electrophoresis. The result of GISH on mitotic metaphase cells of the addition line `95039' indicated that the added telochromosomes originated from H. villosa, and it was probably 6VS or 7Vs of H. villosa according to the C-banding pattern. Furthermore, the analysis of gliadin profiles demonstrated that the telochromosome was 6VS. A pair of 1RS/1BL translocation chromosome was also found in `95039'. In addition, mitotic GISH analysis showed that the 6VS/6AL translocation chromosome remained unchanged after being transferred into new wheat background. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

将大赖草种质转移给普通小麦的研究Ⅳ．通过花药培养选育双重二体异附加系和代换-附加系     

陆瑞菊  陈佩度  刘大钧 《南京农业大学学报》1995,(4)

通过普通小麦“中国春”与抗赤霉病的亲缘物种大赖草杂种回交后代ＢＣ２Ｆ３和自交Ｆ４代的花药培养,获得了７２株花培植株,其中２８株结实。这些株系的株高、穗形和成熟期等性状在Ｈ２系间差异明显,但株系内整齐一致。对２８个Ｈ２代株系进行根尖细胞染色体计数,２５个２ｎ＝４２,１个２ｎ＝４４,２个２ｎ＝４６。通过花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对分析和染色体Ｃ－分带,在Ｈ２代中选育出一个异代换－附加系（２ｎ＝４４）Ｌ０７,两个双重二体异附加系（２ｎ＝４６）Ｌ０３－０５和Ｌ０６。  相似文献   

Rapid Incorporation of D-genome Chromosomes into A and/or B Genomes of Hexaploid Triticale     

E. Kaznan  T. Lelley 《Plant Breeding》1994,113(2):89-98

Two series of progenies were developed from hybrids between octoploid (AABBDDRR) and tetraploid triticale ((AB)(AB)RR). One arose from the successive selfing of the F₁s, while the second was established after one backcross of the F₁ hybrids with the respective 8 × triticale parent. Altogether, 250 F₃ and BC₁F₂ lines were developed, of which 112 were karyotyped in the F₄/F₅ or in BC₁F₃/BC₁F₄ generations using C-banding and SDS-PAGE. The 112 lines represented 61 different karyotypes, of which 39 appeared to be stabilized, having pairs of homologous wheat chromosomes only, while 22 karyotypes exhibited 1—3 heterologous pairs. The frequency of karyotypically stabilized lines originating from the series with one backcrossing was much higher (79.5 %) than those derived from the successive selfing of the F₁ hybrids (51.7%). Six lines had the pure hexaploid triticale chromosome constitution. The frequency of disomic substitutions of D genome chromosomes for their homoeologous A and/or B genome chromosomes ranged from one to six per line with an average of 1.7. Except for 3B and 6B all possible D(A/B) substitutions were obtained. Chromosomes ID and 3D substituted for their homoeologues with the highest frequency, while the substitution of chromosome 4D for 4A or for 4B was the least frequent. D(R) substitutions were found in eight lines only. A complete set of 6x triticale lines was established in which chromosome ID was present in all possible combinations, i.e. single 1D(1A/1B/1R) disomic substitutions as well as disomic ID addition.  相似文献   

Rapid introduction of disease resistance from rye into common wheat by anther culture of a 6x triticale × nulli-tetrasomic wheat     

X. Q. Zhang    X. P. Wang    K. Ross    H. Hu  J. P. Gustafson  C. O. Qualset 《Plant Breeding》2001,120(1):39-42

Powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis) and yellow rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis) are the two most serious wheat diseases found in China. Rye chromosomes, carrying genes for resistance to these diseases, were introduced into common wheat in two generations using chromosome engineering and anther culture. The F₁ hybrids from a cross involving a hexaploid triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) בChinese Spring’ nulli‐tetrasomic N6DT6A wheat aneuploid line were anther cultured and doubled‐haploid plants were regenerated. Using genomic in situ hybridization, C‐banding and biochemical marker analyses, one of the anther‐cultured lines (ZH‐1)studied in detail, proved to be a doubled‐haploid with one rye chromosome pair added (1R) and a homozygous 6R/6D substitution (2n= 44). The line was tested for expression of disease resistance and found to be highly resistant to powdery mildew and moderately resistant to yellow rust.  相似文献   

Chromosome arm location of the gene controlling leaf pubescence of a Chinese local wheat cultivar ‘Hong-mang-mai’     

Shin Taketa  C.L. Chang  Makoto Ishii  Kazuyoshi Takeda 《Euphytica》2002,125(2):141-147

The inheritance of the leaf pubescence character of a Chinese local wheat cultivar ‘Hon-mang-mai’ was investigated by monosomic and telosomic analyses. Leaf pubescence was evaluated by observation of the adaxial side of the penultimate leaf of adult plants. F₁ hybrids of ‘Hong-mang-mai’ with a non-pubescent cultivar ‘Chinese Spring’ had leaf pubescence, but its density was about a half of that of ‘Hong-mang-mai’. In the F₂ generation, the segregation ratio of pubescent to non-pubescent plants fitted a ratio of 3: 1, suggesting that leaf pubescence was controlled by one dominant gene. Monosomic analysis revealed that the gene for pubescence is located on chromosome 7B. Telosomic analysis showed that the gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 7B with a distance of 14.3%from the centromere. This gene is not allelic with the previously reported hairy leaf gene Hl on chromosome 4B, and therefore, is designated Hl2, hairy leaf 2. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

东亚飞蝗染色体C带和银染带型分析     

吴学芳  何正波  陶红梅  蔡志华 《草业科学》2011,28(5):831-835

本研究采用改进后的悬浮滴片法制备东亚飞蝗(Locusta migratoria manilensis)雄性染色体标本,进行东亚飞蝗核型、C带和银染显带分析.东亚飞蝗雄性核型为2N-22+XO(↑),染色体组式为4L+4M+4S+XO.C带显示东亚飞蝗染色体全部为端着丝粒,第2对染色体有端带;东亚飞蝗的银染核仁组织区位于...  相似文献   

枫泾猪G带、C带及银染核仁组织区(NOR)的研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈琳  于汝梁  陈幼春 《畜牧兽医学报》1990,21(4):316-321

以丹麦长白猪为对照,应用G带、C带、银染技术探讨了中国地方品种枫泾猪染色体的待征。用常规Giemsa和胰酶G带连续染色方法,测量了各号染色体的相对长度、着丝点指数及臂比。绘制了枫泾猪中期G带带型模式图。枫泾猪Ag-NOR定位于第8、10号染色体短臂次缢痕区。丹麦长白猪Ag-NOR仅定位于第10号染色体短臂次缢痕区。枫泾猪、丹麦长白猪Ag-NOR颗粒数是有差别的。  相似文献   

Karyotype Variation within Some Natural Populations of Sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L., Fabaceae) in Algeria     

R. Issolah  H. Benhizia  N. Khalfallah 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(8):1653-1664

As a part of the characterization and the valorization of plant genetic resources of fodder and pastoral interest in Algeria, a cytogenetic study was undertaken for nine natural populations of Hedysarum coronarium L. originating from North-East Algeria. The chromosomic characterization was realized throughout the mitosis, the C-banding and the meiosis analysis. Ecological factors (altitude and rainfall) of the originating environment of the different populations were considered in this study. Six Algerian populations present the stable chromosome number, usually observed in this species (2n = 16), whereas three others present two numbers. The first number (2n = 2x = 16), previously cited by other authors throughout the world, and the second one (2n = 2x = 18) is newly observed within Hedysarum coronarium L. Both mitotis ans meiosis confirmed these numbers. The chromosomes are median and the karyotype is primitive in terms of form and size. The C-banding method showed off three types of bands (telomeric, intercalary, centromeric). The originating environment seems to have an effect on the existing variability in Hedysarum coronarium L.  相似文献