毛百合根尖染色体Giemsa C-带分析     

胡凤荣  刘光欣  席梦利  吴祝华  施季森 《广西农业生物科学》2010,(1):87-90

本研究利用Giemsa C-带方法对毛百合（Lilium dahuricum Ker-Gawl）根尖染色体进行了分析。研究结果表明毛百合试管苗的染色体倍性变异丰富,染色体倍性变异包括二倍体（2n=2×=24）、三倍体（2n=3×=36）、四倍体（2n=4×=48）到六倍体（2n=6×=72）。对二倍体毛百合的C-带结果进行分析,其带型公式为：2n=2×=24=2CI＋＋2CI＋T＋T＋＋6I＋2I＋＋2I＋＋2I＋T＋＋2I＋T＋＋2I＋T＋＋2T＋＋2T＋。每条染色体上都显示出显著的特征带,而且带纹的深浅差异明显。强带主要集中在长短臂上。因此,GiemsaC-带方法可以将毛百合（L.dahuricum）的每条染色体区分开。  相似文献   

A new secondary reciprocal translocation discovered in Chinese wheat   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Z.J. Qi  P.D. Chen  D.J. Liu  Q.Q. Li 《Euphytica》2004,135(3):333-338

A new wheat-rye secondary reciprocal translocation involving T1RS·7DL and T7DS·1BL was detected by chromosome C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). The meiotic configuration analysis combined with C-banding and GISH on F₁ hybrids of this newly discovered translocation with T1RS·1BL and Chinese Spring Dt7DS indicated that the new translocation probably resulted from a secondary reciprocal translocation between the primary translocation T1RS·1BL and 7D in the progenies of Aifeng3//Mengxian201/Neuzucht. On the basis of the cytological analysis of progenies and recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (derived from a cross between T1RS·7DL, T7DS·1BL and T1RS·1BL), the translocation chromosomes T1RS·7DL and T7DS·1BL transmitted readily, and appeared in most of the progenies.  相似文献   

Isoenzyme Electrophoresis, a Simple Way to Identify 1B/1R Substitutions and Translocations in Wheat   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. Hartmann    S. Schiele  T. Lelley 《Plant Breeding》1994,112(4):338-341

In order to identify 1B/1R translocations and substitutions by simple means in breeding materials, the efficiency of using starch gel electrophoresis of isoenzymes was evaluated. GPI (glucose phosphate isomerase) and MDH (malate dehydrogenase) were tested in 17 lines of wheat which had previously been identified for their 1B/1R status by C-banding. By electrophoresis of these two enzymes the rye substitution of only one wheat chromosome arm could be identified with high accuracy.  相似文献   

The quantitative relationship between telomeric heterochromatin and secalin synthesis in Secale cereale L.     

M. R. L. Owen  E. N. Larter 《Euphytica》1988,39(3):279-284

Summary The relationship between the amount of prolamine (secalin) synthesized and the amount of telomeric heterochromatin in ten inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale L.) cv. Self Fertile Spring was investigated. There was no association between the total amount of secalin synthesized and the amount of telomeric heterochromatin per haploid genome. However, a positive relationship was found between total secalin synthesis and the amount of telomeric heterochromatin on the short arm of chromosome 7 (7RS). Lines synthesizing high levels of secalin were found to have approximately 60% less telomeric heterochromatin on chromosome arm 7RS than lines synthesizing low levels of secalin. There was no positive relationship between secalin synthesis and the amount of telomeric heterochromatin present on any other telomere.  相似文献   

Characterization of a partial amphiploid between Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring and Thinopyrum intermedium ssp. trichophorum     

Yang Zu-Jun  Li Guang-Rong  Chang Zhi-Jian  Zhou Jian-Ping  Ren Zheng-Long 《Euphytica》2006,149(1-2):11-17

A partial amphiploid, TE-3, between Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS) and Thinopyrum intermedium ssp. trichophorum was characterized by cytological observation, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), seed storage protein electrophoresis and disease resistance screening. The TE-3 plants were deeply covered with pubescence, which is characteristic of the Th. intermedium ssp. trichophorum parent. Feulgen staining of the somatic metaphases revealed that the chromosome number varied from 52 to 56. TE-3 pollen mother cells (PMCs) regularly showed two to four univalents and 25 to 27 bivalents, indicating a degree of cytological instability. Giemsa-C banding showed that the Thinopyrum chromosomes in TE-3 produced strong heterochromatin bands. GISH analysis suggested that the alien chromosomes in TE-3 consisted of eight St chromosomes, four J^s chromosomes, and two J genome chromosomes, as well as two St-J translocation chromosomes. Seeds storage proteins separated by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulphate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that TE-3 expressed some of Th. intermedium ssp. trichophorum specific gliadin and glutenin bands. When inoculated with stripe rust and powdery mildew isolates, TE-3 expressed resistance derived from its Thinopyrum parent. It appears that TE-3 can be used as a donor source in wheat breeding programs to introduce novel variation for quality and disease resistance.  相似文献   

Detection of a 4DL chromosome segment translocated to rye chromosome 5R in an advanced hexaploid triticale line Bronco 90     

Shin Taketa  Tetsuya Nakazaki  Trude Schwarzacher  John S. Heslop-Harrison 《Euphytica》1997,97(1):91-96

Bronco 90 is an advanced line of hexaploid triticale and was reported to be a 2D(2R) chromosome substitution type. In F₁ hybrids of this triticale with bread wheat, however, a meiotic configuration of 16 bivalents and 10 univalents was frequently observed indicating the presence of an additional D(R) chromosome substitution or D/R translocation. To determine the chromosome constitution of Bronco 90, C-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization techniques were applied to somatic and meiotic metaphase chromosomes. These analyses revealed that in Bronco 90, the terminal 7% of the long arm of rye chromosome 5R is derived from the long arm of chromosome 4D. This translocated chromosome (5RS.5RL-4DL) and telosome 4DL formed metaphase I bonds at a frequency of 71%, demonstrating the significance of small terminal chromosome segments for pairing. This novel rye-wheat translocation is probably generated by homoeologous crossing-over because the distal region of 5RL is known to be homoeologous to that of 4DL. Possible association of this translocation with the absence of hairy peduncle character in Bronco 90 is discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

黑粒小麦‘冬黑10号’的细胞学和麦谷蛋白组成分析          下载免费PDF全文

郭明慧裴自友  温辉芹张立生  程天灵李雪 《农学学报》2012,2(6):27-30

山西省作为中国优质小麦重要产区,目前已育成6个黑粒小麦品种,然而对这些黑粒小麦的染色体构成、蛋白组分却研究较少。因此,了解其遗传组成对选育黑粒小麦新品种具有指导作用。利用染色体C-分带,减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对构型、基因组原位杂交结合谷蛋白亚基分析,对黑粒小麦‘冬黑10号’的染色体构成进行系统鉴定。结果表明,‘冬黑10号’体细胞染色体数目为2n=42,染色体带型与‘中国春’染色体带型未见明显变化,基因组原位杂交也未检出赖草染色体;其PMC MⅠ染色体平均构型为21Ⅱ,具有良好的细胞学稳定性,与‘中国春’小麦杂交F1的PMC MⅠ染色体构型为21Ⅱ,说明其为六倍体普通小麦。SDS-PAGE分析揭示其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成为Null/7+9/5+10,低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基与对照‘中国春’不同。  相似文献   

抗条锈小麦-非洲黑麦渐渗系的分子细胞学鉴定     

贾举庆  郭红媛  李倩冉  董娟  杨武德  杨足君 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,32(4):301-306

非洲黑麦(Secale africanumStapf)具有矮杆、异花授粉、抗多种小麦病害等优异性状,在小麦可持续性抗病遗传育种中具有重要作用。利用分子细胞生物学的方法对小麦与非洲黑麦育成的渐渗系材料进行鉴定,发现了抗条锈病的新的代换系和易位系材料,为进一步在小麦染色体工程育种中开展非洲黑麦基因资源的利用提供很好的遗传材料。  相似文献   

辽宁雏蝗不同地理种群染色体研究     

许姝娟  史红全  韩亚鹏  陈德来  柳鹏飞 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(13)

[目的]比较辽宁雏蝗(Chorthippus liaoningensis Zheng)3个不同地理种群(长白山种群、敦化种群、漠河种群)的染色体核型及C带带型。[方法]染色体常规压片法制片,使用BSG法处理染色体C带显带。[结果]辽宁雏蝗3个不同地理种群具有相同性别决定机制XO型,相同染色体数目2n(♂)=17,NF=23。3个地理种群染色体组式相似,染色体核型相同都为"1C"核型。在C带带型方面,3个地理种群的C带带型都比较单一,都仅具有着丝粒带。在异染色质总含量方面三者存在着差异。[结论]基于3个地理种群染色体核型及C带带型的特点,说明3个不同地理种群的辽宁雏蝗为同一种,但因为地理位置不同,同种内不同地理种群染色体C带带型存在一定差异。  相似文献   

黄条(鱼狮)染色体多种显带的形态特征分析     

刘永山  柳学周  史宝  徐永江  李荣  吕永军  宋雪松  王滨  姜燕 《水产学报》2018,42(9):1338-1347

为详细了解黄条染色体带型的形态特征,实验采用体内注射植物血细胞凝集素(PHA)和秋水仙素的方法,取黄条全部头肾细胞经低渗处理、卡诺氏液固定、空气干燥法制备染色体分裂相。通过不同的研究方法,分别研究和探讨其中期染色体多种带型(C带核型、G带核型和Ag-NORs)的显带特征和形态特征。黄条的带型研究结果显示:(1)C带特征为48条染色体均有大小不一的C带,其中第2、4、5、16、18和19对染色体具有端部C带,其余均为着丝粒C带,无居间带和整体呈C带阳性深染染色体;计算异染色质含量约31.53%;(2)Ag-NORs带特征为第5对染色体末端具有Ag-NORs,为端部AgNORs;银染显现间期核中核仁的数目为1~2个,显现出2个核仁的细胞数目较多,达到60%;(3)G带特征为同源染色体G带带纹大小和位置基本吻合,非同源染色体G带带纹大小和带纹的位置不尽相同。每条染色体都有数量不等的深染带和浅染带,无整条染色体显示深染G带或浅染G带,24对染色体中在条带的数量、大小、位置、染色深浅等方面未发现完全相同的染色体G带。该研究结果可为黄条种质判定、染色体组学研究和遗传育种等提供基础资料。  相似文献