Non-homoeologous wheat-rye chromosomal translocations conferring resistance to greenbug     

Bernd Friebe  Wei Zhang  John W. Raupp  Bikram S. Gill  David R. Porter 《Euphytica》1995,84(2):121-125

Summary C-banding andin situ hybridization were used to determine the chromosomal constitution of the greenbug-resistant germplasm GRS 1204. The results showed that this line had the radiation-induced non-homoeologous wheat-rye translocation chromosomes T2AS-1RS·1RL and T2AL·2AS-1RS. C-banding analysis further revealed the presence of a wheat-Agropyron elongatum translocation chromosome T1BL·1BS-3Ae#1L in line GRS 1204, that was derived from Teewon. The greenbug resistance of line GRS 1204 is similar to that of line GRS 1201 that was earlier shown to have the greenbug resistance geneGb6 located on the 1RS arm of the wheat-rye translocation chromosome T1AL·1RS. BecauseGb6 in line GRS 1204 is present on one of the non-homoeologous translocation chromosomes, agronomically line GRS 1201 should be the better adapted source ofGb6 resistance and be used in cultivar improvement.  相似文献   

中国牡丹染色体研究进展   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

侯小改  段春燕  刘素云  吕静霞  张亚冰  李嘉珏 《中国农学通报》2006,22(2):307-307

染色体是基因的载体，是生物进化发育、遗传变异的物质基础。开展对牡丹染色体的研究，不仅可以从细胞水平上了解遗传变异的规律，而且可以研究不同物种遗传的变异。因此，综述了中国牡丹的染色体研究现状及进展，着重介绍了中国牡丹野生种及栽培种的染色体数目、核型、Giemsa C带、银染带等研究成果。结果表明：牡丹种及品种的核型相当稳定，很难作为鉴别种类的依据。但核型分析结果可为确定野生种分类地位、演化关系及为遗传育种工作提供细胞学依据。染色体C带及银染带具有种的特异性，可作为鉴别牡丹种及品种的重要依据。  相似文献   

Sequential combinations of C-banding and in situ hybridization and their use in the detection of interspecific introgressions into wheat     

Angeles Cuadrado  Pilar Rubio  Esther Ferrer  Nicolás Jouve 《Euphytica》1996,89(1):107-112

Summary The sequential combination of C-banding and in situ hybridization techniques applied in this or in a reverse order, are used to recognize targeted chromosomal regions in cereals. Both methods are described whereby standard chromosome squash preparations are followed by: i) C-banding technique using Leishman stain and a slightly modified in situ hybridization technique using biotin-labeled DNA probes, or ii) fluorescence in situ hybridization technique and C-banding. Both approaches have been successfully used onto mitotic chromosomes of rye and wheat resulting suitable for both their identification and detection of targeted sites.  相似文献   

药用植物丹参的核型分析和C-banding研究     

唐晓清  吴健  余伯阳  王康才  别同德 《江西农业学报》2006,18(3):75-77,85

采用传统的核型分析技术,分析了栽培丹参有丝分裂中期染色体的核型和C-band ing。结果表明:丹参中期染色体长度为1.30~2.39μm,核型公式是2n=16=4m+2sm+2st,其核型为2A型;单套染色体组显示出19条清晰稳定的C-bands,其中包括13条末端带,1条着丝粒带和5条中间带。  相似文献   

Identification of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa Translocation Line T6BS·6BL-2VS     

CHEN Quan-zhan  ZHANG Bian-jiang  ZHOU Feng  WU Mei  HUA Chun 《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)

[Objective] The aim of experiment was to provide a new germplasm for wheat breeding by further using desirable genes in 2V chromosome of Haynaldia villosa.[Method] Through hybridization between common wheat(Triticum aestivum)-Haynaldia villosa disomic substitution line and common wheat Nonglin26-3C chromosome of Aegilops triuncialis disomic addition line,the analysis methods such as chromosome C-banding,genomic in situ hybridization and molecular marker technique were comprehensively applied and combined characters investigation.[Result] The wheat-Haynaldia villosa translocation line(T6BS·6BL-2VS)was selected from hybrid progenies to conduct characters investigation,which found some bristles on glume ridge of T6BS·6BL-2VS.[Conclusion] The translocation line induced by gametocidal chromosome was a small segment translocation line and the gene of bristle on glume ridge of Haynaldia villosa was located between the middle and the terminal of 2VS.  相似文献   

Structural Changes of 2V Chromosome of Haynaldia villosa Induced by Gametocidal Chromosome 3C of Aegilops triuncialis     

CHEN Quan-zhan  CAO Ai-zhong  QI Zeng-jun  ZHANG Wei  CHEN Pei-du 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2008,7(7)

Haynaldia villosa (2n =2X = 14, VV), a relative of wheat, plays important roles in wheat improvement mainly owing to its disease resistance. Powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 has been successfully transferred into wheat by Cytogenetie Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, China, and is widely used in the current wheat breeding programs. In this research, our objective is to further transfer and utilize the beneficial genes such as eye-spot resistance, yellow rust resistance, and gene of the tufted bristles on the glume ridge (a remarkable morphology) mapped on 2V of Haynaldia villosa. A disomic addition line with gametocidal chromosome 3C ofAegilops triuncialis added in Norin-26 was crossed to the wheat-H, villosa disomic substitution 2V(2D) and the hybrid F1 was then self-crossed. Chromosome C-banding, genomie in situ hybridization (GISH), and meiotic analysis in combination with molecular markers were applied to detect the chromosome variations derived from hybrids F2 and F3. To date, four translocations including one small segmental translocation T6BS.6BL-2VS, two whole arm translocations (preliminarily designed as T3DS·2VL and T2VS·7DL) and one intercalary translocation T2VS·2VL-W-2VL, one deletion Del. 2VS·2VL-, one monotelosomic Mt2VS, and one iso- chromosome 2VS·2VS line have been developed and characterized. One wheat SSR marker Xwmc25-120 tagging 2VS and one wheat STS marker NAU/STSBCD135-1 (2BL) tagging 2VL were successfully used to confirm the alien chromosome segments involved in the seven lines. The tufted bristles on the glume ridge appeared in lines T2VS·7DL, Mt2VS, 2VS·2VS as well as the parent DS2V(2D), whereas in T3DS·2VL, this trait did not appear. The gene controlling the tufted bristles was located on 2VS. Gametocidal chromosome 3C of Aegilops triuncialis could successfully induce chromosome 2V structural changes.  相似文献   

中间偃麦草染色体核型及C-带带型的分析比较     

黄莺  毛培胜  孟林  张国芳  毛培春 《草地学报》2010,18(3):378-382

为比较确定偃麦草属植物种质材料间的亲缘关系和进化程度,以3份不同来源的中间偃麦草(Elytrigia in-termedia(Host)Nevski)种质材料为研究对象,分别进行染色体核型及C-带带型的分析。结果表明:3份中间偃麦草种质材料均为四倍体,其中EI015的细胞染色体核型公式为2n=4x=28=2M+10m+16sm,但不显带;EI021的染色体核型公式为2n=4x=28=4M+22m(SAT)+2sm,而带型公式为2n=4x=28=5C+2CT₊+2CT⁺+4T⁺+2T₊+1CS₊+12;EI038的染色体核型公式为2n=4x=28=4M+12m+12sm(SAT),带型公式为2n=4x=28=2S₊+4T₊+1CT₊+1T⁺+20,3份种质材料染色体不对称性均属2A型。综合比较染色体核型及带型变化,EI021染色体核型特征与EI015、EI038相差明显,EI015与EI038染色体核型比较相近,但EI015与EI038在带型特征上存在明显差异,说明各种质材料间亲缘关系较远,并且染色体带型分析能够更加客观地反映染色体变化。  相似文献   

Application of C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization for the identification of the trisomics of Hordeum chilense   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Cabrera  M.C. Ramirez  A. Martin 《Euphytica》1999,109(2):123-129

Hordeum chilense is a wild barley species that has a high degree of genetic variability and significant potential for use in plant breeding. To establish a series of trisomics in H. chilense (2n = 14), plants with 2n + 1 chromosome numbers were isolated from the progenies of selfed triploid plants. Based on both fluorescent in situ hybridization with pAs1 and pTa71 repetitive DNA probes and C-banding patterns, seven different trisomics were tentatively identified. Primary trisomic plants were for chromosomes 1H^ch, 4H^ch, 5H^ch, 6H^ch and 7H^ch. A secondary trisomic carrying a 5H^chS-5H^chS isochromosome as the extra chromosome and a trisomic for chromosome 3H^ch heterozygous for the 3H^chS-4H^chL and 4H^chS–3H^chL interchange were identified. The trisomic for chromosome 1H^ch cannot be phenotypically distinguished from the diploid. The rest of the trisomic types were distinguishable from the diploid by their morphological characteristics (relatively poor vigour, decreased size and shorter spikes) but they were morphologically indistinguishable from each other. The frequencies of trisomics among the progenies derived from self-fertilization of these aneuploids ranged from 10.7% to 37.5%, with an average frequency of 26.1%. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

白草染色体核型与C—显带研究     

李春红 《草业科学》1988,(4)

本文研究了白草染色体核型与C-显带。核型K_(2n)=2x=18=16m(2STA)+2st,第5对染色体短臂带随体。未经分带处理时,前中期和中期染色体显示末端和着丝点带,晚中期染色体不明显分带。C-带处理后,原不明显分带的染色体显示出明显的末端带。由于白草染色体的这种特殊分带现象,为研究染色体分带机理提供了一种好材料。本文最后对分带机理进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

花生属栽培种和野生种间亲缘关系的研究Ⅰ.染色体Giemsa C-显带带型分析     

詹英贤  吴爱忠  程明  周向臣 《中国农业大学学报》1992,(1):15-20

所分析的花生染色体 Giemsa C-显带带型表明:花生属(Arachis L.)栽培种(A.hypogaea L.)的弗吉尼亚(Virginia)型,野生种的山地花生(A.monticola Krap.etRig.)、卡尔登纳花生(A.cardenasii Krap.et Greg.)和伯提索可花生(A.batizocoiKrap.et Greg.)都有不同并在此基础上讨论了它们之间的亲缘关系。  相似文献