黄褐油葫芦 Teleogryllus derelictus 染色体C-带核型研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘春明  魏文娟  任炳忠  李娜  袁海滨 《吉林农业大学学报》2008,30(6)

对采自吉林省松花湖库区的黄褐油葫芦Teleogryllus derelictus的染色体C-带核型进行了分析。结果表明：黄褐油葫芦的染色体数目为2n（♂）=26＋XO=27,其中有7对为中部着丝粒染色体,其余为端部着丝粒染色体;染色体组式为2L＋7M＋4S＋X;属“1B”核型;染色体都含有着丝粒带,其中L1～M7及X染色体各具一弱染端带。同时我们也将其与黄脸油葫芦进行了比较分析。  相似文献   

Single-flowered vetch (Vicia articulata Hornem.): A relic crop in Italy     

G. Laghetti  A.R. Piergiovanni  I. Galasso  K. Hammer  P. Perrino 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2000,47(4):461-465

Single-flowered vetch (Vicia articulata Hornem.), a crop native of the Mediterranean area, is widespread mainly in south Europe, in west Asia and Australia for forage, green manure and human food. In Italy this crop was still cultivated in the 1950s but, later, no records concerning its cultivation were available. This strongly suggested to place V. articulata among the Italian crop species that disappeared in the 20th century. In the course of a collecting expedition in Sardinia, a relic population, mistaken for lentil, was found. This population has been characterised from a botanical, nutritional and cytological point of view. V. articulata appears to be lower in nutritional quality than lentil. However, within the framework of a sustainable agriculture, V. articulata could find interesting opportunities. In fact, its role in soil conservation and rescue of marginal areas could be interesting, as well as its potentialities as a source of useful genes in breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Molecular cytogenetic identification of wheat-Elymus tsukushiense introgression lines   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

S.L. Wang  L.L. Qi  P.D. Chen  D.J. Liu  B. Friebe  B.S. Gill 《Euphytica》1999,107(3):217-224

Elymus tsukushiense Honda (syn. Roegneria kamoji C. Koch) (2n = 6x = 42, S^tsS^tsH^tsH^tsY^tsY^ts) is a hexaploid species, distantly related to bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. em Thell (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD). Apart from the delineation of evolutionary relationships, this species is a potential source of resistance to scab, a devastating disease of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum Schw. A standard C-banded karyotype was established identifying all 21 chromosome pairs of E. tsukushiense. By using C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization analyses, three wheat-E. tsukushiense chromosome addition lines, one ditelosomic addition line, and one disomic substitution line were identified in BC₂ progenies from wheat × E. tsukushiense hybrids. Twenty DNA markers specific for the seven homoeologous groups of the Triticeae were used to determine the homoeology of the added E. tsukushiense chromosomes. The E. tsukushiense chromosomes in the addition lines NAU702, NAU703, and NAU701 were identified as belonging to homoeologous groups 1, 3, and 5, and thus, were designated as 1Ets#1, 3Ets#1, and 5Ets#1, respectively. NAU751 was identified as a disomic substitution line with chromosome 3A of wheat replaced by chromosome 3Ets#1. Line NAU702 has a high level of resistance to scab and will be used in chromosomal engineering and development of improved wheat germplasm for scab resistance breeding. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Characterization of wheat-triticale doubled haploid lines by cytological and biochemical markers   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

X. Q. Zhang    X. P. Wang    J.K. Jing    K. Ross    H. Hu    J. P. Gustafson   《Plant Breeding》1998,117(1):7-12

Five wheat-triticale doubled haploid (DH) lines— M08, V209, DH220-14-2, DH696-3-4 and M16 —derived from anther culture of F₁s resulting from crosses involving hexaploid or octoploid triticale × hexaploid wheat, were characterized by cytological and biochemical markers. Cytological evidence from genomic in situ hybridization and C-banding indicated that DH lines M08 and V209 (2n= 42) each contained a pair of 1BL/1RS translocation chromosomes. DH220-14-2 (2n= 42) was also a translocated line with two pairs of chromosomes containing small fragments of rye. One of the translocation fragments carried the Sec-1R gene originating from the satellite region of 1RS; the origin of the other one remains unknown. DH696-3-4 (2n= 42) contained a 3D(3R) substitution. In M16 (2n= 44), three pairs of rye chromosomes, 3R, 4R and 6R, were present, 4R as an addition and 3D(3R) and 6D(6R) as substitutions. Biochemical, isozyme and storage protein markers confirmed the cytological conclusions. The advantages of transferring alien chromosomes or chromosome fragments into wheat and creating alien aneuploid lines by anther culture of hybrid F¹s are discussed.  相似文献   

Chromosome banding in three south Italian species of Allium section Allium (Alliaceae)     

Saverio D'Emerico  Domenico Pignone 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1998,45(1):33-40

The karyotypes of southern Italian samples of three species of the genus Allium L. belonging to the section Allium, were analyzed using Feulgen staining and C-banding techniques. Karyomorphological affinities and C-banding patterns clearly denote close phyletic relationships between A. commutatum Guss., A. ampeloprasum L. and A. atroviolaceum Boiss. Nevertheless, the karyotypes of the two tetraploid species revealed notable differences in the amount and distribution of C-banded heterochromatin. Marker chromosomes were identified which helped tracing evolutionary relationships among the three taxa considered. The results of morphological and karyological examinations allow the proposition of a possible phyletic pathway between the diploid species A. commutatum and the tetraploid ones A. ampeloprasum and A. atroviolaceum. The latter species seems to be particularly well adapted to southern Italian environments and might therefore contribute useful traits to closely related crops, such as leeks.  相似文献   

岳麓连蕊茶染色体核型及C-带带型分析     

漆龙霖  吕芳德  张志宏 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,(2)

采用去壁低渗法及BSHG显带流程,对岳麓连蕊茶细胞染色体进行计数和核型及C—带带型分析。结果表明,其染色体数目为2n=30;属于对称性很强的原始核型;其着丝粒带多而且明显,有中间带,其他带不明显。为研究其与山茶属其他植物间的亲缘关系提供了依据。  相似文献   

节节麦-黑麦双二倍体的染色体C-带分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高红云  苏亚蕊  张大乐  李锁平 《华北农学报》2006,21(2):46-49

通过对节节麦-黑麦双二倍体及其亲本节节麦、黑麦的C-分带研究,表明节节麦-黑麦双二倍体含有其双亲完整的染色体组,其C-带带型与亲本的C-带带型基本一致,从细胞学水平上证实了该种质是人工合成的一种新的异源多倍体。  相似文献   

“中国春”小麦-偃麦草易位系的创制与鉴定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘凤歧  张月学  唐凤兰  李集临  徐香玲 《草地学报》2009,17(4):452-455

利用杀配子染色体创制易位系的方法,以"中国春"小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)-长穗偃麦草(Elytrigia repens)(2E)异二体附加系为母本与"中国春"小麦-柱穗山羊草(Ae.cylindrical)(2C)异二体附加系为父本杂交,创制"中国春"小麦-偃麦草易位系.F1的结实率为31.02%,F1套袋自交结实率为31.41%,亲本自交结实率92.59%;获得的F2利用染色体C-分带和原位杂交进行鉴定,从127株后代中筛选出9株易位系.  相似文献   

提莫菲维小麦染色体的C-带分析     

胡梅  安洪周  李鹏飞  耿广东  张素勤  张庆勤 《种子》2015,34(1):1-5

对提莫菲维小麦的根尖细胞染色体进行C-带分析,以明确提莫菲维小麦的染色体C-带带型特点。结果表明:提莫菲维小麦具有14对染色体,其染色体带型公式为:2 n=28=4 IT++4 IT++6 CIT++6 I+2 IT+2 CI+2 CIT+S+2 CIS,共包括98条带,其中长臂具有57条带纹,包括50条中间带(I),7条端带(T);短臂具有35条带纹,包括30条中间带(I),3条端带(T),2条随体带(S);另外还有着丝点带(C)6条。提莫菲维小麦G组染色体的异质化程度明显高于A组染色体,G组染色体的C-带带型与普通小麦B组染色体非常相似,因此G组染色体可能与B组染色体存在部分同源性。  相似文献   

New C-banding pattern for chromosome identification in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Y. Hoshi    W. Pl&#;der  S. Malepszy 《Plant Breeding》1998,117(1):77-82

A chromosome study of cucumber, C. sativus L., was performed using orcein and C-banding techniques. The diploid and tetraploid plants investigated here showed the somatic chromosome numbers 2n=14 and 28, respectively. The haploid chromosome complement was composed of five metacentric and two submetacentric chromosomes. All C. sativus chromosomes had clearly visible C-bands, and each chromosome could be identified unequivocally after C-banding staining, with 13 C-bands appearing in the haploid complement. The haploid complement had a 44.9% ratio of total C-band length to total chromosome length. Chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 had stable C-bands. Three large, dark C-bands appeared at the proximal regions of chromosomes 1 and 2. Chromosome I had quite a large C-band and with a 68.4% ratio of C-band length to short arm length. Chromosome 2 also had quite a large C-band in the pericentromeric region with a 57.6% ratio of C-band length to the full length of this chromosome and possessed an elongated primary constriction in early metaphase. In prometaphase, chromosome 2 showed that the long arm was completely separated from the short arm. The number of secondary constrictions could not be clearly observed because these chromosomes are small and they could not be counted in every metaphase cell. However, six chromosomes seemed to have secondary constrictions in the diploid plants. Two silver-stained bands were observed at primary constrictions of two of the large chromosomes.  相似文献