云南圭山山羊及红骨圭山山羊的染色体核型及带型研究     

顾丰颖  葛长荣  曹振辉  王军  张永亮  贾俊静 《中国畜牧兽医》2009,36(5):79-83

作者采用外周血淋巴细胞培养及染色体分带技术,分析了云南圭山山羊和红骨圭山山羊的染色体核型和C-带带型及G-带带型。结果表明,两种山羊的染色体形态较相似,二倍体染色体众数为2n=60,其中常染色体29对全部为端着丝粒,X染色体相对长度介于1号与2号染色体之间为端着丝粒,Y染色体最小且为唯一的中端着丝粒染色体。两种山羊中都发现一定比例的体细胞染色体多倍体,比例分别为6.8%、9.4%。对2种山羊C-显带及G-显带的带型分析显示没有明显差异。  相似文献   

黑粒小麦漯珍1号的C-分带及GISH和PAGE分析     

裴自友李爱霞  庄丽芳亓增军 刘大钧 《麦类作物学报》2005,25(4):15-18

为了解黑粒小麦漯珍1号的染色体构成、蛋白组分以及抗病性,利用染色体C-分带、基因组原位杂交(GISH)和PAGE分析对漯珍1号进行了系统鉴定。结果表明,漯珍1号含1对1BL/1RS易位染色体,另外,其7B染色体的C-分带带型也表现出与中国春有较大差异,而其余染色体则未见明显区别。其PMC M染色体平均构型为1.97(棒状二价体) 19.03(环状二价体),说明具有较好的细胞学稳定性。SDS-PAGE分析表明,其高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成为1、7 8和5 10;种子醇溶蛋白A-PAGE鉴定显示,除含有黑麦1RS GldB3编码的醇溶蛋白外,还有许多迁移率明显不同于中国春的多态性位点。抗病性初步鉴定结果表明,漯珍1号高感赤霉病和白粉病。  相似文献   

普通小麦-簇毛麦易位系T6BS·6BL-2VS的选育     

陈全战  张边江  周峰  吴梅  华春 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(32)

[目的]为进一步利用簇毛麦2V染色体上的有益基因,为小麦育种提供新种质。[方法]通过普通小麦-簇毛麦2V(2D)二体代换系(DS2V)与普通小麦农林26-离果山羊草3C染色体二体异附加系(DA3C)杂交,综合运用染色体C-分带、基因组原位杂交和分子标记分析,并结合性状调查。[结果]从杂种后代中选育出小麦-簇毛麦纯合易位系T6BS.6BL-2VS,性状调查发现该易位系植株护颖颖脊上有刚毛。[结论]该易位系为杀配子染色体诱发的小片段易位;簇毛麦护颖颖脊刚毛基因定位于2VS的中部至端部。  相似文献   

利用离果山羊草3C染色体诱导簇毛麦2V染色体结构变异   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陈全战  曹爱忠  亓增军  张伟  陈佩度 《中国农业科学》2008,41(2):362-369

【目的】簇毛麦是普通小麦的一个近缘物种,它具有许多抗病基因,在小麦育种中起重要作用。抗白粉病基因Pm21已被南京农业大学细胞遗传所成功地转移到小麦背景中,并被广泛地用于小麦育种实践。为了进一步转移和利用定位于簇毛麦2V染色体上的有用基因,如抗眼斑病基因、抗条锈基因和护颖颖脊刚毛基因,为小麦育种创造新种质。【方法】通过普通小麦农林26-离果山羊草3C二体异附加系与小麦-簇毛麦2V（2D）二体代换系杂交,综合运用染色体C-分带、基因组原位杂交、染色体构型分析和分子标记分析。【结果】从杂种F２和F３中鉴定出涉及簇毛麦2V结构变异的异染色体系7份,包括纯合缺失系1份（Del 2VS•2VL-）,易位系4份,其中纯合易位2份（初步推断为T3DS•2VL,T2VS•7DL）、小片段易位1份（T6BS•6BL-2VS）和中间插入易位1份（T2VS•2VL-W-2VL）,等臂染色体1份（2VS•2VS）和单端体1份（Mt2VS）。利用可分别追踪2VS 和2VL的分子标记Xwmc25-120和NAU/STSBCD135-1进行PCR分析,进一步证明这7份异染色体系中涉及簇毛麦2V染色体片段。【结论】涉及2V短臂的单端体Mt2VS,等臂染色体2VS•2VS和易位系T2VS•7DL在护颖颖脊上有簇状分布的刚毛,而涉及2V长臂的易位系T3DS•2VL无刚毛,进一步证实簇毛麦护颖颖脊刚毛基因位于2VS。离果山羊草3C染色体可有效诱发簇毛麦2V染色体结构变异。  相似文献   

普那菊苣的核型分析和C-分带研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

葛荣朝  赵茂林  高洪文  赵保存  李国亮 《草地学报》2002,10(3):190-193

通过根尖染色体常规制片分析,确定普那菊苣的染色体核型组成为:2n=2x=18=18m。利用BSG方法对其染色体进行C-分带研究,确认普那菊苣的标准C-分带为2n=18=2CT+4CTI₊+1CT₊+ICTI⁺+ICT₊I₊;同时证实利用C-分带方法验证核型分析中染色体的配对是可行的。  相似文献   

木薯染色体的C-分带研究     

曾霞  庄南生  李开绵 《热带作物学报》2003,24(4):52-56

应用高温干燥法显示13份木薯种质的C-带(即染色体的结构异染色质带的简称)。结果表明:C-带带型在种质间有较大的变异性和特异性,主要表现在C-带的带纹总长度不同,尤其是带纹的类型有明显差异。这种差异可用以构建木薯染色体图谱。C-带带纹在染色体上的分布可分为5种类型,其中以Ⅰ类型居多,各种C-带带纹类型的染色体数目所占比例在种质之间的变异较大,Ⅲ和Ⅳ类型在各种质之间的变异更大。13份种质间的异染色质含量差异达极显著,且随杂交次数增多,染色体组中异染色质比例趋于增高。还对高温干燥法的机理进行了探讨。   相似文献   

二倍体野燕麦染色体的C-带分析     

王亚  胡梅  朱良鹏  陈星灼  耿广东  张素勤  张庆勤 《种子》2016,(11):27-30

采用C-带技术对二倍体野燕麦根尖细胞染色体进行了带型分析,以研究该野燕麦染色体的C-带特点.结果表明:二倍体野燕麦具有7对染色体,其上共有35条带,其中长臂具有带纹19条,包括13条中间带(I),6条末端带(T);短臂具有8条带纹,包括2条中间带(I),6条末端带(T),另外还有l条随体带(S)以及7条着丝点带(C),其带型公式为2 n=14=2CIT+ +2 CIT+8 CI+ T+2 CI+ T+S.二倍体野燕麦染色体组成为CC,核型为2A,属于较对称核型,进化指数为7.  相似文献   

Genome size and Giemsa C-banded karyotype of tetraploid Bromus ciliatus L.     

Metin Tuna  Kenneth P. Vogel  K. Arumuganathan 《Euphytica》2005,146(1-2):177-182

Summary Tetraploid Bromus ciliatus L. is a North American bromegrass that has been placed in the Pnigma section of Bromus. The objective of this study was to characterize the genome of tetraploid B. ciliatus by cytogenetic methods and compare it to the genomes of other species included in the section Pnigma. All the plants of the accession (USDA PI 232214) selected for chromosome counting were tetraploids (2n = 28). The mean 2C nuclear DNA content for tetraploid B. ciliatus was 19.13± 0.07 pg as determined by flow cytometry which is significantly greater than the tetraploid DNA content of B. inermis Leyss. (11.74± 0.16 pg). C-banding procedures were used to identify individual mitotic chromosomes and to develop a karyotype for B. ciliatus. The genome of the tetraploid B. ciliatus consisted of 16 median chromosomes, eight submedian chromosomes, and four chromosomes with satellites which included one pair with a large satellite and one pair with a small satellite. The general pattern of the distribution of constitutive heterochromatin in B. ciliatus was quite different than the other bromegrasses that have been analyzed to date. Except for two pairs of chromosomes, all chromosomes in tetraploid B. ciliatus had telomeric bands on one or both arms. Some of the chromosomes with telomeric bands had centromeric bands that were located at one or both sides of the centromere and intercalary bands which were generally absent in the other bromegrass species. It was possible to identify all chromosomes of tetraploid B. ciliatus and to match the pairs of homologous chromosomes by using chromosome lengths, arm length ratios and C-banding patterns. The results of this study indicate that tetraploid B. ciliatus has different genomes than the European species evaluated to date in the section Pnigma.  相似文献   

Rye Chromatin Variation in Yugoslavian Wheats     

S. Petrovic    A. R. Dera  J. P. Gustafson 《Plant Breeding》1988,100(2):83-87

C-banding, which stains the heterochromatic regions of chromosomes, was utilized in order to ascertain whether or not several varieties from a Yugoslavian wheat-breeding program contained a 1RS/1BL substitution or a 1RS/1BL translocation. Only one variety contained the 1R (1B) substitution, while in the remaining sixteen varieties, the 1RS/1BL translocation was present. The C-banding results were confirmed utilizing an SDS-PAGE analysis, and the results indicated that both techniques should be used together. In all of the Yugoslavian wheats containing observable rye chromatin, the C-band corresponding to the nucleolus organizing region (NOR) was clearly reduced over that found in the wheat parents used in Yugoslavia or the other wheats from around the world containing either the substitution or the trans location. Some unknown selection pressure applied in the Yugoslavian wheat program in Novi Sad over the years has evidently caused a deletion of most of the rye NOR region.  相似文献   

Analysis of stability for some characters in Kabuli Chickpea     

K. B. Singh  Geletu Bejiga 《Euphytica》1990,45(3):223-227

Summary The meiotic behaviour of a hybrid between Triticum aestivum and the amphiploid Hordeum chilense x T. turgidum conv. durum, was studied using a C-banding staining method. This hybrid has the genome formula of AA BB D Hch with 2n=6x=42 chromosomes. The durum wheat chromosomes (genomes A and B) were easily recognized, whereas the D and Hch chromosomes were recognized as a whole. Meiotic pairing was homologous, as expected (14 bivalents from A and B genomes +14 univalents from D and Hch genomes). However, some pollen mother cells at metaphase-I presented pseudobivalents that could have been caused by either homoeologous or autosyndetic pairing amongst D and Hch chromosomes.  相似文献