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1.
探讨了以减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏茵为栽体传递新城疫病毒DNA疫苗的安全性、免疫原性和可行性。将含新城疫病毒(NDV)F48E9株融合蛋白(F)基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA3-F的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ZJ111株(ZJ111／pcD-NA3一F菌株)，以10^8CFU进行首免，2周后二免，三免后4周攻击强毒株F48E9，观察其安全性和免疫原性，同时设只含空载体pcDNA3的ZJ111／pcDNA3菌株对照及口服PBS对照。结果表明：重组ZJ111／pcDNA3-F菌株具有良好的安全性。对强毒株攻击的保护率达64．7％。重组ZJ111／pcDNA3-F菌株不仅能诱导雏鸡产生NDVELISA抗体，而且诱导产生的法氏囊B淋巴细胞和胸腺T淋巴细胞增殖反应显著高于ZJ111／pcDNA3时照组。这些结果提示，减毒沙门氏菌为载体不仅可直接将NDVF基因呈递给鸡体细胞进行表达，产生抗NDV的体液免疫，而且还可诱导细胞免疫应答。  相似文献   

2.
将生长抑素(SS)和乙肝表面抗原基因(HBsAg)融合后，插入真核表达载体pcDNA3，构建成pcDNA3-SS，再转化减毒沙门氏菌(S．typhimurium,dam^-和phop^-)，构建了以减毒沙门氏菌为载体的生长抑素口服DNA疫苗ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS，并通过体外传代、灌服草鱼检验了ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS的侵袭力及体外和侵入草鱼体内过程中的德定性。对草鱼肝脏和脾脏分离菌的生化特性检验和特异性PCR鉴定表明，ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS能很好地侵入草鱼体内；对在Amp^ 、Amp^-平板上传5、10代和灌服7d后草鱼肝、脾脏分离的减毒菌抽提重组质粒进行PCR和酶切鉴定表明．减毒菌中的重组质粒在体外和侵入草鱼体内过程中具有较好的稳定性。  相似文献   

3.
幼草鱼灌服10^8、10^9、10^10cfu／mL减毒沙门氏菌为载体的口服生长抑素DNA疫苗ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS，另设野生型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（10^9cfu／mL）和PBS对照组，试验期20d，观察并比较各组死亡率。另取150g左右的草鱼灌服PBS、10^8cfu／mL ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS和10^8cfu／mL野生型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌组，7d后屠宰取肝和脾脏，做透射电镜切片观察。结果显示，灌服10^9cfu／mL ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS的幼鱼在试验期间死亡2尾，灌服10^8cfu／mL ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS和PBS的幼鱼采食和生长正常，灌服野生型S．typhimurium和10^10cfu／mL ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS的幼鱼死亡率分别为76．67％、26．67％。灌服10^8cfu／mL ZJ111／pcDNA3-SS的草鱼肝、脾细胞形态正常，肝脏线粒体略微肿胀，内质网间距略有增大，但病变特征不明显；10^8cfu／mL的zJ111／pcDNA3-SS对草鱼具有相对安全性。  相似文献   

4.
利用RT—PCR方法扩增出了柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E．tenella)ZJ(浙江)株的子孢子表面抗原5401基因。把这一基因片段克隆到PGEM—T克隆载体上，得到的阳性克隆经PCR鉴定及酶切分析，结果表明重组子(pGEM—T—5401)中含有5401基因，该序列全长为864bp，序列本身是一个开放阅读框，将克隆得到的基因与国外报道的5401基因比较，有两个碱基发生有义突变，引起两个氨基酸发生突变，核苷酸同源性为99．8％，氨基酸同源性为99．3％。克隆出的5401基因可以用于将来重组疫苗的研究。  相似文献   

5.
为构建鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)重组真核表达质粒并检测其免疫保护性,本实验将E.tenella表面抗原基因3-1E(E)与鸡IFN-γ、IL-2基因分别串联在真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)中,构建真核重组表达质粒pcDNA-E-IFNγ、pcDNA-E-IL2,同时构建对照质粒pcDNA-E、pcDNA-IFNγ、pcDNA-IL2.经酶切鉴定得到预期大小目的片段,测序结果与预期序列一致.将构建的重组质粒免疫鸡只,经western blot检测表明该重组质粒在鸡体内可以正常表达;对感染鸡只的免疫保护效果显示,pcDNA-E-IFNγ、pcDNA-E-IL2组抗球虫指数(ACI)分别为181.04、187.30,具有高效的抗球虫效果,为将其进一步研制成为具有实用价值的抗球虫疫苗奠定了基础.  相似文献   

6.
EnMIC2重组减毒沙门氏菌的构建及免疫保护效果研究   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5  
成功构建了表达鸡毒害艾美耳球虫(Eimeria necatrix)广东株(GD)微线蛋白-2基因(EnMIC2)的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，在IPTG诱导下获得了EnMIC2的高效表达，SDS-PAGE分析表明，表达产物约占菌体总蛋白的8．6％，分子量大小约为35ku，与抗E．necatrix的高免血清进行Western Blotting，结果为阳性。将重组减毒沙门氏菌以10^8和10^9 CFU／鸡免疫4日龄岭南黄肉鸡，免疫后2周血清中可检测到特异性IgG，3周时抗体水平达到峰值，同时可在肠道检测到特异性IgA的分泌。免疫接种后3周，试验鸡分别经口攻击感染500个E．necatrix(GD)孢子化卵囊，结果显示免疫组与非免疫组有相似的排卵囊曲线；但10^8和10^9CFU免疫组的卵囊总产量分别能降低26．62％和48．92％。  相似文献   

7.
为揭示球虫感染对蛋鸡的肠炎沙门氏菌敏感性及鸡蛋的肠炎沙门氏菌污染率的影响而进行了本研究。结果显示,柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对蛋鸡生产肠炎沙门氏菌污染蛋及感染肠炎沙门氏菌的敏感性均具有增强作用。具体表现为：柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染可使肠炎沙门氏菌污染蛋壳显著增多（Ｐ＜０．０５）;球虫感染鸡所产蛋,无论是新鲜的还是贮存１周后的,其蛋内容物的肠炎沙门氏菌阳性率比仅感染肠炎沙门氏菌鸡所产蛋要高;球虫感染鸡盲肠中的沙门氏菌阳性率和沙门氏菌数显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）;球虫感染鸡输卵管中的肠炎沙门氏菌也有增多;球虫感染使泄殖腔拭子的肠炎沙门氏菌阳性率增加。研究结果表明,柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染可以增加鸡群中肠炎沙门氏菌的水平及其垂直传播的危险。  相似文献   

8.
构建柔嫩艾美尔球虫ADF基因和鸡IL-2基因的重组卡介苗,并研究其免疫保护性.将柔嫩艾美尔球虫的ADF基因和鸡的IL-2基因串联后连接到至穿梭表达载体pMV261和整合表达载体pMV361中电转化卡介苗,制备重组卡介苗pMV261-ADF-IL-2和pMV361-ADF-IL-2,将构建的基因重组卡介苗分别以不同免疫途径接种雏鸡,研究其对柔嫩艾美耳球虫的攻毒的免疫保护效果.结果显示,成功构建重组rBCG pMV261-ADF-IL-2和pMV361-ADF-IL-2,且rBCG滴鼻免疫组的免疫效果较好,其抗球虫指数分别为176.08和172.89.结果表明,构建的基因重组卡介苗pMV261-ADF-IL-2和pMV3 61-ADF-IL-2对柔嫩艾美尔球虫卵囊的攻击具有一定的保护作用.  相似文献   

9.
为了确定鸡IL-2对柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)河北株Et MIC-2质粒的免疫增效作用,将构建的pcDNA3.0-IL-2、pcDNA3.0-EtMIC-2和pc DNA3.0-IL-2-EtMIC-2质粒分别免疫雏鸡,研究其对E.tenella攻毒后的免疫保护效果。结果显示,pcDNA3.0-IL-2-EtMIC-2重组质粒的免疫剂量为100μg、150μg时,抗E.tenella攻击的保护率均高达95%,抗求虫指数(ACI)分别为163和165,比免疫pcDNA3.0-IL-2和pcDNA3.0-EtMIC-2组分别提高了91.99%、94.35%和31.88%、33.50%。  相似文献   

10.
为揭示球虫感染对蛋鸡的肠炎沙门氏菌敏感性及蛋鸡的肠炎沙门锚菌污染率的影响而进行了本研究。结果显示：柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对蛋鸡生产肠炎沙门氏菌污染及感染肠炎沙门氏菌的敏感性均具有增强作用，具体表现为，柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染可使肠炎沙门氏菌污染蛋壳显著增多；球虫感染鸡所产蛋，无论是新鲜的还是贮存１周后的，其蛋内容物的肠炎沙门氏菌阳性率比仅感染肠炎沙门锚菌鸡所产蛋要高；球虫感染鸡盲肠中的沙门氏菌阳性率和沙门氏  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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