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以牛蛙皮肤组织为材料获得总RNA,用偶联Oligo(dT)的磁珠纯化mRNA后,利用含Sfi Ⅰ酶切位点的CDSⅢ引物在逆转录酶的作用下合成cDNA的第1链,以含Sfi Ⅰ酶切位点的CDSⅢ引物和SMART引物,利用LD-PCR合成双链cDNA,双链cDNA经Sfi Ⅰ酶切,通过T4DNA连接酶连接到经过相同酶切的λTripIEx2载体,体外包装后转染E.coli XLI-Blue 宿主菌,进行滴度测试和文库扩增.结果构建的牛蛙皮肤cDNA 文库原始库容量为1.42×106 PFU/mL,插入片段长度在0.5～1.5 kb,重组率为89.5%,扩增后的文库滴度为1.35×109 PFU/mL,构建的文库质量符合要求,可用于大规模的功能基因分析. 相似文献
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为了筛选与猪细小病毒（porcine parvovirus,PPV）结构蛋白VP2相互作用的宿主蛋白,深入研究病毒入侵及致病的分子机制,本试验建立了ST细胞酵母双杂交cDNA文库。采用RNeasy Min Kit提取ST细胞的总RNA,反转录合成cDNA第一链之后,通过SMART技术合成了双链cDNA,并利用同源重组的方法,构建了ST细胞的酵母cDNA文库。结果显示,文库滴度为8.1×108 CFU/mL,插入的双链cDNA片段大小为250~1 000 bp,平均大小约为500 bp,文库的重组率为96%。此文库可用于筛选与病毒相互作用的ST细胞宿主蛋白,为进一步阐明病毒的致病机制奠定了基础。 相似文献
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《中国动物传染病学报》2016,(6)
为了筛选柔嫩艾美耳球虫子孢子入侵相关的蛋白,利用酵母双杂交体系构建了柔嫩艾美耳球虫子孢子酵母双杂交cDNA文库。提取纯化的子孢子总RNA,经MMLV-RT反转录合成cDNA第一链后,利用LD-PCR扩增合成双链cDNA(ds cDNA),dscDNA经纯化柱CHROMA SPINT+TE-400 Columns纯化剔除小于200 bp的片段。将纯化后dscDNA、pGADT7-Rec及Carrier DNA共转化到已经制备好的酵母感受态细胞Y187中,dscDNA与pGADT7-Rec以同源重组的方式在细胞内进行连接,经过缺陷性培养基(SD/-Leu)的筛选得到酵母双杂交cDNA文库。结果显示,构建的柔嫩艾美耳球虫子孢子酵母双杂交cDNA文库的转化率为4.33×105/μg pGADT7-Rec,文库滴度为3.62×107 cfu/m L。随机挑取32个单克隆进行PCR检测,插入片段大小为200~2000bp,重组率为93.75%,并以该文库作为模板,用柔嫩艾美耳球虫5对特异性引物进行PCR扩增,获得了这5个基因片段。结果表明成功构建了柔嫩艾美耳球虫子孢子酵母双杂交cDNA文库,为进一步筛选和研究球虫入侵互作蛋白奠定了基础。 相似文献
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应用LD-PCR法构建大片吸虫成虫cDNA表达文库 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为构建大片吸虫成虫cDNA表达文库,用Trizol试剂提取大片吸虫成虫总RNA,经反转录合成cDNA第一链,应用LD-PCR扩增方法,合成双链cDNA。用SfiⅠ内切酶修饰此双链cDNA,使形成两端分别带有SfiⅠA和SfiⅠB的黏性末端。经CHROMA SPIN-400柱纯化,收集400 bp以上的双链cDNA片段,将其连接于带有SfiⅠA和SfiⅠB末端的λTriplEx2噬菌体载体,经体外包装后,以XL1-Blue为受体菌构建cDNA表达文库。经测定,库容量为1.08×106PFU/mL,重组率为96.6%。扩增后的文库滴度为2.41×109PFU/mL,插入片段平均大小约为1 000 bp。这些结果表明已成功构建大片吸虫成虫cDNA表达文库,适合进一步筛选大片吸虫新基因。 相似文献
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试验旨在筛选水泡性口炎病毒的受体,构建犊牛口腔黏膜上皮细胞T7噬菌体展示文库。通过用Trizol试剂提取犊牛口腔黏膜上皮细胞总RNA,然后分离和纯化mRNA,经反转录合成双链cDNA。在双链cDNA末端加上定向EcoRⅠ/HindⅢ接头,然后用EcoRⅠ和Hind Ⅲ酶消化双链cDNA末端接头,使双链cDNA 2端含有EcoRⅠ和Hind Ⅲ黏性末端。所有处理后的双链cDNA,经Mini Column 纯化,收集400 bp以上的双链cDNA片段,将其连接带有EcoRⅠ和Hind Ⅲ末端的T7 Select 10-3b载体,经体外包装后,以BLT5403为受体菌构建T7噬菌体展示文库。经测定未扩增文库的滴度为1.3×107 PFU/mL,重组率为95.8%,扩增后文库滴度为2.6×1010 PFU/mL。随机挑取100个噬菌斑进行PCR鉴定,95%的插入片段大于400 bp。结果表明成功构建了犊牛口腔黏膜上皮细胞T7噬菌体展示文库。 相似文献
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为克隆柔嫩艾美耳球虫裂殖子阶段的功能基因的全长序列,利用SMART技术,采用Clontech公司的Creator TMSMARTTMcDNA Library Construction Kit构建了鸡球虫裂殖子的全长cDNA文库。用试剂盒提取mRNA后,以cDNA合成试剂盒合成cDNA。连接至pDNR-LIB载体,用电转化法将重组质粒转化到E.coli DH10B内得到原始文库,扩增后保存于-80℃冰箱内;最后以文库为模板,分别以研究室已成功克隆序列(EtSAG2、EtMIC-2、EtMCAT)及Sanger的部分EST序列(Contig1218)设计引物,进行PCR扩增并测序检验文库的实用性。经测定,构建的初级cDNA文库约含有8.72×107个重组子,插入的片段多在1kb～3kb之间,平均插入片段长度约1.8kb,扩增后文库保存的滴度为2.4×104 cfu/mL;通过文库的PCR扩增,不仅可以成功扩增出研究室已成功克隆的序列(EtSAG2、EtMIC-2),并成功获得EtMCAT和EST序列(Contig1218)的全长cDNA序列,经比对分析Contig1218所编码的蛋白为组织蛋白酶B样半胱氨酸蛋白酶(Cathepsin B)。结果表明,已成功构建了柔嫩艾美耳球虫裂殖子高质量的全长cDNA文库,从而为筛选鸡球虫的功能基因全长序列奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献