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2.
为克隆柔嫩艾美耳球虫裂殖子阶段的功能基因的全长序列,利用SMART技术,采用Clontech公司的Creator TMSMARTTMcDNA Library Construction Kit构建了鸡球虫裂殖子的全长cDNA文库。用试剂盒提取mRNA后,以cDNA合成试剂盒合成cDNA。连接至pDNR-LIB载体,用电转化法将重组质粒转化到E.coli DH10B内得到原始文库,扩增后保存于-80℃冰箱内;最后以文库为模板,分别以研究室已成功克隆序列(EtSAG2、EtMIC-2、EtMCAT)及Sanger的部分EST序列(Contig1218)设计引物,进行PCR扩增并测序检验文库的实用性。经测定,构建的初级cDNA文库约含有8.72×107个重组子,插入的片段多在1kb～3kb之间,平均插入片段长度约1.8kb,扩增后文库保存的滴度为2.4×104 cfu/mL;通过文库的PCR扩增,不仅可以成功扩增出研究室已成功克隆的序列(EtSAG2、EtMIC-2),并成功获得EtMCAT和EST序列(Contig1218)的全长cDNA序列,经比对分析Contig1218所编码的蛋白为组织蛋白酶B样半胱氨酸蛋白酶(Cathepsin B)。结果表明,已成功构建了柔嫩艾美耳球虫裂殖子高质量的全长cDNA文库,从而为筛选鸡球虫的功能基因全长序列奠定了基础。  相似文献   

3.
用SMART技术构建扩展莫尼茨绦虫成虫全长cDNA文库   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
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4.
猪蛔虫雄虫cDNA文库的构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
采用Tripure Isolation Reagent抽提猪蛔虫雄虫成虫的总RNA,用poly(A)PuristTM纯化试剂盒分离mR-NA。分离mRNA后,用Clontech公司的CreatorTMSMARTTMcDNA文库构建试剂盒构建了猪蛔虫雄虫成虫的cDNA文库。结果获得了7.26×105独立克隆,重组率达96.7%,插入片段的平均长度约为1 kb。猪蛔虫雄虫cDNA文库的成功构建为利用文库筛选雄虫差异表达基因提供了材料来源,为研究猪蛔虫性别发育的分子机制奠定了基础。  相似文献   

5.
以牛蛙皮肤组织为材料获得总RNA,用偶联Oligo(dT)的磁珠纯化mRNA后,利用含Sfi Ⅰ酶切位点的CDSⅢ引物在逆转录酶的作用下合成cDNA的第1链,以含Sfi Ⅰ酶切位点的CDSⅢ引物和SMART引物,利用LD-PCR合成双链cDNA,双链cDNA经Sfi Ⅰ酶切,通过T4DNA连接酶连接到经过相同酶切的λTripIEx2载体,体外包装后转染E.coli XLI-Blue 宿主菌,进行滴度测试和文库扩增.结果构建的牛蛙皮肤cDNA 文库原始库容量为1.42×106 PFU/mL,插入片段长度在0.5～1.5 kb,重组率为89.5%,扩增后的文库滴度为1.35×109 PFU/mL,构建的文库质量符合要求,可用于大规模的功能基因分析.  相似文献   

6.
以豫南黑猪心脏为供试材料,采用改进的异硫氰酸胍法提取心脏总RNA。通过SMART技术反转录合成全长cDNA,经LD-PCR扩增后与pMD18-T载体连接并转化细菌DH5α,测定滴度和重组率,构建成豫南黑猪心脏全长cDNA文库。经初步检测,原始文库的滴度为1.8×10^5cfu/mL,重组率约为94.4%。从原始文库随机挑取13个单菌落过夜培养,提取质粒,经HindⅢ和EcoRⅠ双酶切,凝胶电泳显示插入片段大小在0.3～2.0kb之间。  相似文献   

7.
目的大片吸虫cDNA文库的构建及组织蛋白酶L1(Fasciola gigantica Cathepsin L1,FgCL1)基因的克隆。方法提取大片吸虫成虫总RNA,运用SMART技术构建大片吸虫cDNA文库。根据文献设计并合成PCR引物,从上述文库中克隆大片吸虫FgCL1基因,定向克隆至原核表达载体pET28a中。结果文库容量为2.08×106pfu/mL,重组率为98%。扩增后的文库滴度为6.23×109 pfu/mL,插入片段平均大小约为1 000 bp。应用两个已知基因(FgCL1 FgGST)从文库中成功钓取到相应的全长基因。将含有FgCL1的阳性克隆测序,用Genebank Blast进行序列比较,证实为FgCL1基因。结论成功构建了cDNA文库,提供筛选大片吸虫基因资源;从该文库中克隆出FgCL1,为进一步表达该基因,研制诊断试剂盒创造了条件。  相似文献   

8.
应用LD-PCR法构建大片吸虫成虫cDNA表达文库   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
为构建大片吸虫成虫cDNA表达文库,用Trizol试剂提取大片吸虫成虫总RNA,经反转录合成cDNA第一链,应用LD-PCR扩增方法,合成双链cDNA。用SfiⅠ内切酶修饰此双链cDNA,使形成两端分别带有SfiⅠA和SfiⅠB的黏性末端。经CHROMA SPIN-400柱纯化,收集400 bp以上的双链cDNA片段,将其连接于带有SfiⅠA和SfiⅠB末端的λTriplEx2噬菌体载体,经体外包装后,以XL1-Blue为受体菌构建cDNA表达文库。经测定,库容量为1.08×106PFU/mL,重组率为96.6%。扩增后的文库滴度为2.41×109PFU/mL,插入片段平均大小约为1 000 bp。这些结果表明已成功构建大片吸虫成虫cDNA表达文库,适合进一步筛选大片吸虫新基因。  相似文献   

9.
为构建鸡胚成纤维细胞cDNA真核表达文库并对文库质量进行鉴定,从鸡胚成纤维细胞中直接提取mRNA,用紫外分光光度计测定含量.经电泳确定mRNA的质量,反转录合成第一、二链cDNA,经苯酚氯仿抽提后与EcoR Ⅰ接头连接,经Not Ⅰ酶切后用spin column除去小于500 bp的cDNA片段,与经EcoR Ⅰ和Not Ⅰ双酶切的真核表达质粒连接,连接产物电转化感受态细胞,测定文库的容量大小并通过colony PCR鉴定插入cDNA片段的大小.构建成含8.8×105个重组子的鸡胚成纤维细胞cDNA文库,重组子中平均插入外源片段长度大于1.0 kb的约占85.7%.从结果看构建的文库合格,适合用于筛选目的cDNA克隆.  相似文献   

10.
柞蚕蛹全长cDNA文库的构建和随机EST测序   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用RNA转录5′末端转换(SMART)技术构建了柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)蛹的全长cDNA文库。所构建cDNA文库的容量为5×105个独立克隆,插入片段长800~2500 bp,且90%的插入片段大于1 kb。随机挑取288个克隆进行表达序列标签(EST)测序,有效序列为250条,根据EST测序结果计算文库重组率达95%。经序列拼接得到175个unigenes,通过序列比对发现其中97个unigenes与GenBank中的已知基因高度同源,且有88条全长序列,基因的完整性比率达90%。在随机EST测序中获得了具有5′端和3′端非编码区的延伸因子-1α基因(Gen-Bank登录号:FJ788508),该基因cDNA全长1743 bp,有一个1392 bp的开放阅读框,编码含463个氨基酸残基的蛋白,蛋白的理论分子质量为50.4 kD,等电点8.96。EST测序分析表明,柞蚕蛹cDNA文库符合构建基因文库的质量要求,该文库的构建将有助于柞蚕功能基因的克隆和研究。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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