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Florian M.W. Grundler Miroslaw Sobczak Wladyslaw Golinowski 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(6):545-551
The induction and differentiation of feeding structures (syncytia) of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana is accompanied by drastic cellular modifications. We investigated the formation of cell wall openings which occurred during syncytium differentiation. At the beginning of syncytium induction, a callose-like layer was deposited inside of the wall of the initial syncytial cell (ISC). First wall dissolutions developed by gradual widening of plasmodesmata between the ISC and neighbouring cells. As a general thickening of syncytial cell walls blocked existing plasmodesmata, other large openings were formed by enzymatic dissolution of intact walls by putative cellulase activity. 相似文献
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Daub Matthias Hakl Ulrike Molendijk Leendert PG Schomaker Corrie Been Thomas H van Beers Thea G Jivishova Sevda Jivishov Emil Keusgen Michael Bluemel Roman Fischer Daniel Grundler Florian MW Reuther Marie Cappel Sabrina Bauer Harald Lang Christian Watrin Cliff den Nijs Loes JMF Van Bruggen Anne-Sophie Karssen Gerrit Kiewnick Sebastian Büchler Urs Roth Irma Frey Jürg 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2015,122(4):189-193
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - 相似文献
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Miroslaw Sobczak Wladyslaw Golinowski Florian M.W. Grundler 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(2):113-124
Plant parasitic nematodes of the genus Heterodera show a high degree of sexual dimorphism, which is reflected by different nutritional demands and differences in the structure of the induced specific syncytial feeding site in the plant. The determination of the sex of the nematode Heterodera schachtii and other related species was repeatedly reported to be dependent on trophic factors, which are provided by the induced syncytia. The structural differences of syncytia induced by H. schachtii in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana were analysed at the anatomical and ultrastructural level. Syncytia of males were induced in the root pericycle. The developing syncytium then expanded into procambial or cambial cells of the vascular cylinder. Differentiated vascular elements were not included. The expansion of the syncytium triggered the proliferation of cambial and peridermal tissues, in a manner similar to secondary growth, and the formation of additional xylem and phloem elements. In comparison to syncytia associated with females, syncytia associated with males were less hypertrophied and were composed of more cells. Distinct cell wall openings were mostly found between the few strongly hypertrophied syncytial elements at the actual feeding site in the pericycle. The ultrastructure was very similar to female-associated syncytia but showed conspicuous differences in the structure and localization of cell wall ingrowths. These ingrowths were rare and weakly developed and occurred not only at the interface with xylem elements but also at the internal and external walls of the syncytia. After feeding had ceased at the end of the third developmental stage the syncytia degenerated. 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes induce specific feeding structures in roots of their host plants. The cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis induces... 相似文献
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The nature of local defence responses occurring during the infection ofArabidopsis thalianaby the soybean cyst nematodeHeterodera glycineswas analysed by light and electron microscopy.Arabidopsis thalianais not a regular host of this nematode, but invasion, feeding site induction and in rare cases development of juveniles was observed. Compared toHeterodera schachtii, which interacts compatibly withA. thaliana, the period of invasion and migration was prolonged. During migration a strong hypersensitive response, characterized by extensive necroses, browning, autofluorescence and cell wall depositions, occurred in cells that were not in direct contact with the nematodes. Cells selected as initial syncytial cells were pierced with the stylet and, after having passed a preparation phase, secretions were released. The cells responded with rapid vacuolation and deposition of callose-like material around the stylet and at the cell walls, and subsequent necrosis. In a very few cases the initial syncytial cells and neighbouring cells deposited callose-like material on their walls, but these cells remained intact so that functional syncytia developed, which allowed occasional nematode development. 相似文献
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U. Wyss F. M. W. Grundler 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):165-173
With the aid of video-enhanced contrast light microscopy the feeding behavior of the cyst nematodeHeterodera schachtii and the root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne incognita has been studied in roots of various cruciferous plants, especially inArabidopsis thaliana, a model plant for molecular studies. The juvenile stage 2 (J2) nematodes ofH. schachtii migrate intracellularly with destructive stylet thrusts before establishing their permanent feeding site (syncytium) within the vascular cylinder. After the selection of the initial syncytial cell (ISC) they undergo a preparation period before they start feeding from the ISC. During all developmental stages feeding occurs in cycles, composed of three distinct phases. In contrast, the J2 ofMeloidogyne incognita reach their permanent feeding site by intercellular migration, first towards the apex of the root, where they turn round, and move towards the differentiating vascular cylinder. A characteristic behavioral pattern, composed of continuous head and stylet movements, interspersed by periods of stylet-tip protrusion and metacorpal bulb pumping is maintained during all phases of parasitism, i.e., root invasion, intercellular migration and feeding from the giant-cells. 相似文献
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